2023版高三一轮总复习英语外研版课时分层作业31　Face values

1、 课时分层作业(三十一)阅读理解A(2021湖北十一校联考)Tuna TossingThis sport began in South Australia in a fishing community called Port Lincoln. It was inspired by the local fishermen who used to toss fish onto their trucks. The winner is the person who throws a 9kg fish in a longest distanceHot Dog Eating ContestCompetit

2、ive eating has become popular in the past years and its participants try to eat as many hot dogs as they can in ten minutes. The sport began in the US. city fairs and has gained recognition due to Nathans Hot Dog Eating Contest, held annually on the 4th of July. The sport has turned into a huge indu

3、stry and is now popular in the US, Canada, and JapanWife CarryingThis game has its origins in Finland and its a sport in which male competitors race while carrying a female teammateThe objective is for the male to carry the female through a special track in the fastest time. The Wife Carrying World

4、Championship has teams competing from Australia, Germany, Britain, Estonia, Ireland, and the United States. The wife must be over 17 years old and prizes include winning the wifePanjat PinangIndependence Day in Indonesia is on August 17th. This day is celebrated by various competitions. Panjat Pinan

5、g is the most difficult one. In the competition, men in teams are asked to climb an smooth, oiled palm trunk. At the top of the trunk there are prizesfrom towels, clothes and something like that to mountain bicycles and cash certificates【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了几个有意思的比赛项目。1Which of the following events

6、 promotes the business development greatly?ATuna TossingBHot Dog Eating ContestCWife CarryingDPanjat PinangB细节理解题。根据Hot Dog Eating Contest部分中的“The sport has turned into a huge industry and is now popular in the US, Canada, and Japan”可知，Hot Dog Eating Contest极大地促进了商业发展，故B项正确。2What can we learn about

7、Panjat Pinang?AIts winners may get various prizesBIt is the hardest among the four eventsCIts competitors strength means everythingDIt has become more popular in other countriesA细节理解题。根据Panjat Pinang部分中的“At the top of the trunkmountain bicycles and cash certificates”可知，Panjat Pinang活动的获胜者会得到各式各样的奖品，

8、故A项正确。3What can be learned from the passage?ATuna Tossing has its origins in a fishing community in South AmericaBIn Wife Carrying game the winner may win cash as a prizeCNathans Hot Dog Eating Contest is held on the 4th of July every other yearDIndependence Day in Indonesia is celebrated by various

9、 games like climbing trunksD细节理解题。根据Panjat Pinang部分中的“Independence Day in Indonesiaby various competitions”和“men in teams are asked to climb an smooth, oiled palm trunk”可知，在印度尼西亚独立日这天，人们会举办包括爬棕榈树干在内的各种比赛，故D项正确。B(2021广东省部分重点中学调研考试)In a cafe in south London, two construction workers are talking cheerf

10、ully They sometimes break into loud laughter. They are discussing something, and their conversation looks fun and interesting But I dont speak their language Out of curiosity, I interrupt themWith friendly smiles, they both change easily to English, explaining that they are South Africans and were s

11、peaking XhosaIn Johannesburg, where they are from, most people speak at least five languages, says one of them, Theo Morris “My mothers language is Sotho. My fathers is Zulu. I learned Xhosa and Ndebele from my friends and neighbors, and English and Afrikaans from school I can speak well all of the

12、languages mentioned above. I went to Germany before I came here, so I also speak a little German，” he adds“Is it easy to learn so many languages？”“Yes, its normal，” he laughs. Hes right. Around the world, more than half of the people speak at least two languages. Many countries have more than one of

13、ficial languageSouth Africa has 11. People, young or old, are increasingly expected to speak, read and write in at least one of a handful of “super” languages, such as English, Chinese, Hindi, Spanish and ArabicMultilingualism (多语言) has many social, psychological and lifestyle advantages Moreover, m

14、any health benefits from speaking more than one language have been found, including faster stroke (中风) recoveryCould it be that the human brain evolves to be multilingualthat those who speak only one language are not realizing their full potential? And in a world that is losing languages faster than

15、 everone every two weeks, half our languages will disappear hopelessly by the end of the centuryWhat would happen if the rich diversity of languages disappeared and most of us ended up speaking only one? Thats a serious problem we are facing【语篇解读】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。两名建筑工人的谈话引发了作者对会讲多种语言给人们带来的好处的思考及对目前世界上语言快

16、速消失的现状的忧虑。4Why does the author interrupt the two workers?ATo join them in the conversationBTo find out what language theyre speakingCTo stop them from laughing loudlyDTo learn the language that is spoken by themB推理判断题。根据第一段中的“their conversation looks fun and interestingBut I dont speak their languag

17、e. Out of curiosity，I interrupt them”可知，作者觉得那两名建筑工人的谈话似乎很有趣，但因为自己不懂他们的语言，所以不知道他们在讲什么。出于好奇，作者打断了他们的谈话。再结合第二段中的“explaining that they arespeaking Xhosa”可推知，作者打断他们是想了解他们究竟讲的是什么语言。故选B。5What do we know about Theo Morris?AHe can speak seven languagesBHe speaks all of his languages wellCHe is from a singlel

18、anguage familyDHe is confident of learning super languagesA细节理解题。根据第二段中的“My mothers language is Sotho. My fathers is Zulu. so I also speak a little German”可知，Theo会讲他父母各自的语言，即索托语和祖鲁语；他还从朋友和邻居那里学会了科萨语和恩德贝勒语，在学校学了英语和南非荷兰语；他还会讲一些德语。由此可知，他能讲七种语言。故选A。6Which of the following is one feature of multilinguali

19、sm?AIt is culturespecificBIt can do wondersCIt is a challenging taskDIt is preferred by the youngB推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的内容可知，多语言具有许多社会、心理和生活方式上的优势，此外，会讲多种语言对健康有很多好处，包括更快地从中风中恢复健康。由此可推知，会讲多种语言能产生神奇作用。do wonders“创造奇迹，产生神奇作用”。故选B。7Whats the authors attitude towards the present situation of languages?AObjective

20、BOptimisticCDoubtfulDConcernedD观点态度题。根据最后一段中的“half our languages will disappear hopelessly by the end of the century”“Thats a serious problem we are facing”可知，作者对语言快速消失的现状深感忧虑。故选D。C(2021湖南省名校大联考)Ask people in the UK what the words “Sunday roast” mean to them, and theyll probably take you back to the

21、ir grandmothers dining roomsmaybe with a few stories of “the greatest puddings” and “the best ever steak”. But now the traditional Sunday roast seems to have been left back in the old daysAccording to Daily Mail，just one in 50 British families sits down to this weekly meal togetherThere are many rea

22、sons why the roast is becoming less popular. In the busy modern world, where breakfast is a slice of toast eaten on the way to work or school and lunch is a quick sandwich in front of the computer screen, people just dont seem to have the time or patience to make a roastAnd Sunday was once a day whe

23、n people could easily go to the kitchen to cook. Nowadays, people are often out shopping or at the cinema until its far too late to start thinking about heating the oven (烤箱) upHowever, a recent article from The Telegraph warned against being carried away by our tight schedules：“It would be a shame

24、to let this fine old tradition disappear”The Guardian further explained that the eating of the big meal is only the half of it. The Sunday roast also makes for relaxed morning activities in the kitchen, and the table becomes the perfect place to share good food and chat with family and friends “For

25、busy moms and dads, even if you can manage to turn off your mobile phone and the TV only once a week and turn the Sunday roast into a real family event, children can have fun cooking the food and clearing up together”【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。周日全家人聚在一起共享烤肉是英国的一个传统饮食习惯。但是，随着生活节奏加快，人们似乎已经没有时间和耐心做“周日烤肉”了。有英国媒体指出，

26、吃“周日烤肉”这一传统不能被抛弃，它对家庭有益。8Why do people pay less attention to the Sunday roast nowadays?AThey have a busy lifestyleBThey have no interest in cookingCThey dont think it worthwhileDThey are living in the modern societyA细节理解题。根据第二段第二句可知，在繁忙的现代社会，早餐是在上班或上学的路上吃一片吐司，午餐是在电脑屏幕前快速吃一个三明治，人们似乎没有时间和耐心做烤肉。据此可知，如今

27、人们很少关注“周末烤肉”是因为生活太忙碌，故A项正确。9What does the underlined word “it” in the last paragraph refer to?AA recent articleBThe fine old traditionCA traditional kitchenDThe Sunday morning activityB代词指代题。根据第四段中的“It would be a shame to let this fine old tradition disappear”可知，The Telegraph上最近的一篇报道指出，让这一优良的古老传统消失将

28、是一件令人惋惜的事。再结合第五段第一句可以推断，该句中的it即指代上句中的“this fine old tradition”，故B项正确。10How does the author feel towards the Sunday roasts decline?ASorryBDoubtfulCUncertainDPositiveA观点态度题。通读全文可知，作者先是提到吃“周日烤肉”这一传统变得不太受欢迎了，接着分析了这一现象的原因，然后又提到有英国媒体指出，吃“周日烤肉”这一传统不能被抛弃，它对家庭有益。据此可以推断，作者对吃“周末烤肉”这一传统的衰落感到难过、惋惜。A项意为“难过、惋惜”，故A

29、项正确。11What is the best title for the passage?ASundayBest Time for FamilyBThe Sunday Roast Is Dying OutCIts the Perfect Time for USDLets Sit Down TogetherB标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章第一段第二句“But now the traditional Sunday roast seems to have been left back in the old days”为全文的主题句，提出文章主题英国吃“周末烤肉”的传统将近消亡，下文围绕此主题展开，分

30、析了这一现象的原因及一些媒体对此现象的看法。故B项最适合作为本文标题。D(2021潍坊市阶段性监测)Have you ever wondered why hair turns gray as you get older and whether there is something you can do to prevent graying or at least slow it down? Heres a look at what causes hair to turn gray and some of the factors that affect grayingThe age at whi

31、ch youll get your first gray hair (supposing your hair doesnt simply fall out) is largely decided by genes Youll probably get that first strand (缕) of gray hair around the same age when your parents and grandparents started to go gray. However, the rate at which the graying progresses is somewhat un

32、der your own control. Smoking is known to increase the rate of graying Generally poor nutrition, insufficient B vitamins, anemia, and untreated thyroid conditions can also speed the rate of grayingWhat causes your hairs color to change? That has something to do with the process controlling the produ

33、ction of the paint called melanin (黑色素), the same material that tans your skin in response to sunlight. Every hair cell contains melanin cells called melanocytes. The melanocytes produce eumelanin，which is black or dark brown, and pheomelanin, which is reddishyellow, and pass the melanin to the cell

34、s which produce keratin (角蛋白), the chief protein in hair. When the keratinproducing cells die, they keep the coloring from the melanin. When you first start to go gray, the melanocytes are still present, but they become less active. Less paint is kept into the hair so it appears lighterAs graying pr

35、ogresses, the melanocytes die off until there arent any cells left to produce the color. While this is a normal and unavoidable part of the aging process and it is not associated with disease itself，some autoimmune diseases can cause premature grayingHowever, some people start going gray in their 20

36、s and are perfectly healthyExtreme shock or stress can also cause your hair to go gray very quickly, though not overnight【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了头发变白的原因，如自体免疫性疾病、心理压力等。12What will determine your first strand of gray hair?AGenesBAgesCNutritionDDiseaseA细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“The age at which youll get your first

37、gray hair(supposing your hair doesnt simply fall out) is largely decided by genes”可知，第一缕白发的出现时间很大程度上是由遗传基因决定的，故A项正确。13What does the underlined word “tans” in paragraph 3 probably mean?AAvoidsBProtectsCSunburnsDCoversC词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“in response to sunlight”并结合“在阳光下人的皮肤会变黑”的常识可知，画线词意为“晒黑”，故C项正确。14What

38、do we know about melanin in paragraph 3?AIt helps the hair keep shiningBIt can prevent the hair turning grayCIt is mainly made of hair proteinDIt makes the hair look lighterB细节理解题。根据第三段中的“That has something to do with the process controlling the production of the paint called melanin”和“Less paint is

39、 kept into the hair so it appears lighter”可知，黑色素有阻止头发变白的作用，故B项正确。15What is the text mainly about?AThe process of hair changesBThe causes of hair turning grayCThe factors of hair componentsDRelationship between gray hair and healthB主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文首段第二句“Heres a look at what causes hair to turn gray an

40、d some of the factors that affect graying”是全文的主题句，其后的段落均围绕头发变白的原因展开，故B项正确。阅读七选五(2021南京市学情调研)How will we keep astronauts entertained?The lucky residents of the International Space Station take 12hour shifts, including two and a half hours of gym time and six and a half hours of lab work, among other

41、duties 1 . If the timings right, they call home to catch up. They watch their favorite football games. NASA has sent up playthings like guitars, keyboards, as well as chessStaying entertained is vital because when youre on long space flights, feeling bored can be dangerous 2 Breaking a tool is a lot

42、 more worrying when youre trying to keep a spaceship on course. Not only does playtime keep operation smooth, it also helps Americans relate to their highflying heroes 3 . Maintaining (维持) a constant longdistance signal will be tough. But when bandwidth (带宽) allows, Houston could beam TV series for bingewatching(疯狂追剧). The agency is also loo