国际法答案及题

1、提醒：练习题给你们，告诉大家考试时注意时间，在一个半小时以后才可以交卷。考试时不要把这个练习题带在身边，特别是不要留在考试的教室里。练习题知识点： 联合国宪章第二条规定的联合国及其会员国应尊循的诸项原则 中，第一个原则是（ ）。在划界时，依据一般管辖原则，当界河因自然原因发生改造道时，如改变是缓慢的，则界线应（）我国民航法颁布于（）。第一次以法律形式提出人权概念和人权内容的法律文件是（ ）。国际法之所以是法律，是因为（）从以下各项中，享有司法豁免权的有（）一美国人在日本将一伊朗人杀死，后潜逃英国，（）。南沙群岛属于我国领土的依据是（）。所有国家的飞机和船舶可自由通过的区域是（）。通常所称的“三

2、个反劫机公约”指（）。根据外层空间条约和登记条约，发射国应就（）向联合国秘书长报告登记。在人权问题上具有法律拘束力的国际文件有（ ）。近代国际仲裁的特点是（ ）。现代战争法上普遍接受的原则有（ ）。联合国宪章是当今世界上最大的国际组织联合国的组织文件，本质上属于双边国际条约。( ) 联合国国际法委员会的主要只能是从事国际法的编纂。( ) 名词解释（英语生用英语作答，俄语生用汉语作答。共3小题，第1、2题每题3分，第3小题为4分，总分为10分）1. 国际法的概念/The concept of International law：2. 条约/Treaty3. 国家继承/State Successi

3、on答：1.International law used to be defined as the law that governs the relations between states, only states were subjects of international law. 2. Treaty means an international agreement concluded between States in written form and governed by international law, whether embodied in a single instrum

4、ent or in two or more related instruments and whatever its particular designation. 3.State succession is defined as the replacement of one state by another in the responsibility for the international relations of territory, and thus falls into the jurisdiction of international law.简答题（第1、2、3小题，英语生、俄

5、语生都用汉语作答，第4、5小题英语生用英语回答，俄语生用汉语作答。每小题6分，共5小题，总分为30分）1.(6)简述不干涉内政原则的基本内容2.(6)简述国籍取得的几种情形3.(6)简述沿海国对领海的权利和义务。4. (6)国际法的渊源/Sources of International Law5. (6)国际的基本权利义务/Basic rights and duties of states答：4、The court, whose function is to decide in accordance with international law such disputes as are sub

6、mitted to it, shall apply: （1分）(a) international conventions, whether general or particular, establishing rules expressly recognized by the contesting States; （1分）(b)international custom, as evidence of a general practice accepted as law;(c)the general principles of law recognized by civilized natio

7、ns; （2分）(d) subject to the provisions of art 59,judicial decisions and the teachings of the most highly qualified publicists of the various nations, as subsidiary means for the determination of rules of law. （2分）国际法院将适用的国际法渊源有：国际条约（2分）、国际习惯（2分）、各国承认的一般法律原则（1分）、司法判例（1分）等。5、（1）Right of independenceArt

8、icle 1 Every State has the right to independence and hence to exercise freely, without dictation by any other State, all its legal powers, including the choice of its own form of government. （2分）（2）Right of equalityArticle 5 Every State has the right to equality in law with every other State.（1）平等的代

9、表权和投票权（2）平等的缔约权（3）平等的豁免权（4）平等的尊荣权（5）平等的位次权（2分）（3）Right of self-defense （1分）Article 12 Every State has the right of individual or collective self-defense against armed attack.（4）Right of jurisdiction （1分）论述题（英语生用英语作答，俄语生用汉语作答。每小题10分，共1小题，总分为10分）1.(10)国际法与国内法的关系/The relationship between the internatio

10、nal law and domestic lawThe main question is whether international law and municipal law are part of a universal legal order or whether they form two distinct systems of law. Historically, there have been two schools of thought.（2分） Monism considers international law and municipal law to be part of

11、a universal legal order. Since they operate in the same sphere of influence and are concerned with the same subject matter, they come into conflict. Where a conflict does arise, it is international law that prevails. （2分） Dualism considers international law and municipal law to constitute two separa

12、te legal orders which exist independently of one another. Conflicts between the two systems may arise and the manner in which the conflict is resolved depends upon the forum in which it arises. In international tribunals, it is international law which will prevail, whereas municipal courts will appl

13、y in municipal law. （2分）Some writers have suggested that the monism/dualism dichotomy is unhelpful and instead argue that, since international law and municipal law constitute separate legal orders governing different subject matters, no real conflict can arise and apparent conflicts are dealt with

14、by the conflict of law rules of the particular forum.State practice is characterized by the adoption of either the transformation or incorporation doctrine, or a combination of the two. （2分）Transformation refers to the express and specific adoption of a rule of international law by the municipal law

15、 system. Transformation will usually be carried out by the enactment of a municipal statute. The transformation doctrine provides that no rule of international law will become part of municipal law unless it is specifically included.Incorporation avoids the need for new legislation, since it denotes

16、 the view that rules of international law are automatically become part of municipal law unless they are specifically excluded.Those States which have written constitutions will often make specific reference to the manner in which international law is to be treated by the municipal courts（2分）附录资料：不需

17、要的文档可以自行删除 蔬菜的分类知识蔬菜植物的产品器官有根、茎、叶、花、果等5类，因此按产品器官分类也分成5种。 (1)根菜类。这类莱的产品(食用)器官为肉质根或块根。 肉质根类菜：萝卜、胡萝卜、大头菜( HYPERLINK /s?wd=%E6%A0%B9%E7%94%A8%E8%8A%A5%E8%8F%9C&tn=44039180_cpr&fenlei=mv6quAkxTZn0IZRqIHckPjm4nH00T1Y3PWT3PvD4rH6LryuWrA7-0ZwV5Hcvrjm3rH6sPfKWUMw85HfYnjn4nH6sgvPsT6KdThsqpZwYTjCEQLGCpyw9Uz4Bm

18、y-bIi4WUvYETgN-TLwGUv3EPHnLPjnLrHTv t _blank 根用芥菜)、芜普、 HYPERLINK /s?wd=%E8%8A%9C%E8%8F%81%E7%94%98%E8%93%9D&tn=44039180_cpr&fenlei=mv6quAkxTZn0IZRqIHckPjm4nH00T1Y3PWT3PvD4rH6LryuWrA7-0ZwV5Hcvrjm3rH6sPfKWUMw85HfYnjn4nH6sgvPsT6KdThsqpZwYTjCEQLGCpyw9Uz4Bmy-bIi4WUvYETgN-TLwGUv3EPHnLPjnLrHTv t _blank 芜菁甘

19、蓝和根用甜菜等。 块根类菜：豆薯和葛等。 2)茎菜类。这类蔬菜食用部分为茎或茎的变态。 地下茎类：马铃薯、菊芋、莲藕、姜、荸荠、慈菇和芋等。 地上茎类：茭白、石刁柏、竹笋、莴苣笋、 HYPERLINK /s?wd=%E7%90%83%E8%8C%8E%E7%94%98%E8%93%9D&tn=44039180_cpr&fenlei=mv6quAkxTZn0IZRqIHckPjm4nH00T1Y3PWT3PvD4rH6LryuWrA7-0ZwV5Hcvrjm3rH6sPfKWUMw85HfYnjn4nH6sgvPsT6KdThsqpZwYTjCEQLGCpyw9Uz4Bmy-bIi4WUvYET

20、gN-TLwGUv3EPHnLPjnLrHTv t _blank 球茎甘蓝和榨菜等。 (3)叶莱类。这类蔬菜以普通叶片或叶球、叶丛、变态叶为产品器官。 普通叶菜类：小白菜、芥菜、菠菜、芹菜和苋菜等。 结球叶莱类： HYPERLINK /s?wd=%E7%BB%93%E7%90%83%E7%94%98%E8%93%9D&tn=44039180_cpr&fenlei=mv6quAkxTZn0IZRqIHckPjm4nH00T1Y3PWT3PvD4rH6LryuWrA7-0ZwV5Hcvrjm3rH6sPfKWUMw85HfYnjn4nH6sgvPsT6KdThsqpZwYTjCEQLGCpyw9U

21、z4Bmy-bIi4WUvYETgN-TLwGUv3EPHnLPjnLrHTv t _blank 结球甘蓝、大白菜、 HYPERLINK /s?wd=%E7%BB%93%E7%90%83%E8%8E%B4%E8%8B%A3&tn=44039180_cpr&fenlei=mv6quAkxTZn0IZRqIHckPjm4nH00T1Y3PWT3PvD4rH6LryuWrA7-0ZwV5Hcvrjm3rH6sPfKWUMw85HfYnjn4nH6sgvPsT6KdThsqpZwYTjCEQLGCpyw9Uz4Bmy-bIi4WUvYETgN-TLwGUv3EPHnLPjnLrHTv t _blank

22、 结球莴苣和 HYPERLINK /s?wd=%E5%8C%85%E5%BF%83%E8%8A%A5%E8%8F%9C&tn=44039180_cpr&fenlei=mv6quAkxTZn0IZRqIHckPjm4nH00T1Y3PWT3PvD4rH6LryuWrA7-0ZwV5Hcvrjm3rH6sPfKWUMw85HfYnjn4nH6sgvPsT6KdThsqpZwYTjCEQLGCpyw9Uz4Bmy-bIi4WUvYETgN-TLwGUv3EPHnLPjnLrHTv t _blank 包心芥菜等。 3辛番叶菜类：葱、韭菜、芜荽和茴香等。 鳞茎菜类：洋葱、大蒜和百合等。 (4)花菜类。这

23、类蔬菜以花、肥大的花茎或花球为产品器官，如花椰菜、金针菜、青花菜、紫菜蔓、 朝鲜蓟和芥蓝等。 (5)果菜类。这类蔬菜以嫩果实或成熟的果实为产品器官。 茄果类：茄子、番茄和辣椒等。 荚果类：豆类菜，菜豆、肛豆、刀豆、毛豆、豌豆、蚕豆、眉豆、扁豆和四棱豆等。 3瓠果类：黄瓜、南瓜、冬瓜、丝瓜、菜瓜、瓠瓜和蛇瓜等，以及西瓜和甜瓜等鲜食的瓜类。 按照 HYPERLINK /s?wd=%E5%86%9C%E4%B8%9A%E7%94%9F%E6%80%81%E5%AD%A6&tn=44039180_cpr&fenlei=mv6quAkxTZn0IZRqIHckPjm4nH00T1Y3PWT3PvD4rH

24、6LryuWrA7-0ZwV5Hcvrjm3rH6sPfKWUMw85HfYnjn4nH6sgvPsT6KdThsqpZwYTjCEQLGCpyw9Uz4Bmy-bIi4WUvYETgN-TLwGUv3EPHnLPjnLrHTv t _blank 农业生态学的分类 这种分类法把蔬菜植物的生物学特性与栽培技术特点结合起来，虽然分的类很多，但较实用。 (1)白菜类。这类蔬菜都是十字花科的植物，包括大白菜、小白菜、叶用芥菜、 HYPERLINK /s?wd=%E7%BB%93%E7%90%83%E7%94%98%E8%93%9D&tn=44039180_cpr&fenlei=mv6quAkxTZn0

25、IZRqIHckPjm4nH00T1Y3PWT3PvD4rH6LryuWrA7-0ZwV5Hcvrjm3rH6sPfKWUMw85HfYnjn4nH6sgvPsT6KdThsqpZwYTjCEQLGCpyw9Uz4Bmy-bIi4WUvYETgN-TLwGUv3EPHnLPjnLrHTv t _blank 结球甘蓝(团白菜)、 HYPERLINK /s?wd=%E7%90%83%E8%8C%8E%E7%94%98%E8%93%9D&tn=44039180_cpr&fenlei=mv6quAkxTZn0IZRqIHckPjm4nH00T1Y3PWT3PvD4rH6LryuWrA7-0ZwV5Hc

26、vrjm3rH6sPfKWUMw85HfYnjn4nH6sgvPsT6KdThsqpZwYTjCEQLGCpyw9Uz4Bmy-bIi4WUvYETgN-TLwGUv3EPHnLPjnLrHTv t _blank 球茎甘蓝、花椰菜甘蓝和菜整等。多为二年生植物，第一年形成产品器官，第二年开花结籽。 (2)直根类。这类蔬菜以肥大的肉质宜报为食用产品，包括萝卜、芜菁、 HYPERLINK /s?wd=%E6%A0%B9%E7%94%A8%E8%8A%A5%E8%8F%9C&tn=44039180_cpr&fenlei=mv6quAkxTZn0IZRqIHckPjm4nH00T1Y3PWT3PvD4r

27、H6LryuWrA7-0ZwV5Hcvrjm3rH6sPfKWUMw85HfYnjn4nH6sgvPsT6KdThsqpZwYTjCEQLGCpyw9Uz4Bmy-bIi4WUvYETgN-TLwGUv3EPHnLPjnLrHTv t _blank 根用芥菜、胡萝卜和根用甜 菜等。多为二年生植物，同白菜类。 (3)茄果类。主要是茄子、番茄和辣椒等 HYPERLINK /s?wd=%E4%B8%80%E5%B9%B4%E7%94%9F%E6%A4%8D%E7%89%A9&tn=44039180_cpr&fenlei=mv6quAkxTZn0IZRqIHckPjm4nH00T1Y3PWT3PvD4rH6LryuWrA7-0ZwV5Hcvrjm3rH6sPfKWUMw85HfYnjn4nH6sgvPsT6KdThsqpZwYTjCEQLGCpyw9Uz4Bmy-bIi4WUvYETgN-TLwGUv3EPHnLPjnLrHTv t _blank 一年生植物。 (4)瓜类。主要是黄瓜、冬瓜、南瓜、丝瓜、苦瓜、瓠瓜、葫芦、西瓜和甜瓜等。西瓜和南瓜的成熟 种子可以炒食或制作点心食用。 (5)豆类。 HYPERLINK /s?wd=%E8%B1%86%E7%A7%91%E6%A4%8D%E7%89%A9&tn=44039180_cpr&fenle