英文合同翻译课件

1、英文合同翻译 安徽大学经济学院 黄毅英文合同翻译 Charpter One Outline 一.合同的概念及包含的种类Concept and CategoriesCharpter One Outline Concept of the ContractContracts reffered to in this law are agreements between equal natural persons,legal persons and organizations for the purpose of establishing,altering and terminating mutual

2、civil rights and obligations.Concept of the ContractContracCategories of the Contract.Contracts for International Sale of Goods1. Contracts for International Sale of Goods2.Agency3.DistributionCategories of the Contract.C . Contracts for International Technology Transfer 1.License Agreement2. Contra

3、cts for International Cooperative Production and Cooperative Design 3. Contracts for International Engineering Projects . Contracts for Internationa . Contracts for International Investment1. Contracts for Equity Joint Venture2. Contracts for Contractural Joint Venture3. Contracts for Sino-foreign C

4、ooperative Development of Nature Resources4.BOT . Contracts for Internationa .Others1. Contracts for Processing and Assembling2. Contracts for Compensation3. Contracts for International Lease4. Contracts for International labor Service .Others 二.合同的内容结构Content and Structure of the Contract 1.合同名称及编号

5、（Title,NO.)2.序文/前文 (Preamble)3. 本文 （Body)4.附件 （Appendix）5.结尾立证条款 (WITNESS Clause) 1.合同名称及编号（Title,NO.) 1.合同名称及编号（Title,NO.)在商务合同中，按照重要性和繁简程度不同，可以采用不同的书面形式： Contract 正式合同 Agreement 协议 Memorandum 备忘录 Confirmation 确认书 Order 订单 1.合同名称及编号（Title,NO.) 合同名称的两种写法：Purchase Agreement，Agency ContractAgreement f

6、or Purchase，Contract for Agency 合同名称的两种写法： 2.序文/前文 (Preamble)1.订约日期： Date of Signing 2.订约当事人：Signing Parties/the Parties Concerned3.订约地点： Place of Signing4.订约缘由： Recitals / WHEREAS Clause 2.序文/前文 (Preamble WHEREAS Clause 鉴于条款 鉴于条款是叙述性条款，用以说明双方签约的目的、意图、受方的目标和供方的业务背景等。 WHEREAS Party B has the right an

7、d desires to license the aforesaid know-how to Party A. NOW THEREFORE，in consideration of the premises and the mutual conventions，the two parties ，through friendly consultations， agree to enter into this contract under the terms and conditions set forth as follows. WHEREAS Clause 鉴于条款 3.本文 （Body)（1）

8、.定义条款： Definition Clause For the purpose of this Agreement，the following terms have the following meanings： “Exclusive Territory” means the following countries：Japan，Pakistan and Philippines. “Non-exclusive Territory” means the following countries：Indonesia， Singapore and Malaysia. “Agreed Territory

9、” means collectively Exclusive Territory and Non-exclusive Territory herein above defined . 3.本文 （Body) （2）.具体条款： Specific Clause 体现各种合同的性质和特点，它的内容是随着合同的种类、标的、订约意图的不同而不同。Commodity、Specification、Quantity、Unit Price、Packing、Shipping Mark、Insurance、Terms of Payment、Rights and Obligations （2）.具体条款： Spec

10、ific Clause （3）. 一般条款：General Clause是规定合同当事人应遵循的某些一般原则和作法，因而具有通用性，各种合同中一般条款的用语基本相同。 （3）. 一般条款：General Clause A.合同的有效期限： DurationB.合同的终止： TerminationC.不可抗力： Force MajeureD.合同的让与： AssignmentE.仲裁： ArbitrationF.适用法律： Governing LawG.合同的文字及效力：The Language in which the Contract is to be Written and its Val

11、idityH.完整条款： Entire Clause A.合同的有效期限： Duration This Confirmation shall be governed by the laws of the Peoples Republic of China. This Confirmation shall be go This Contract shall be written in Chinese and in English version.The languages in question shall be equally authentic. In the event of any di

12、screpancy between the two versions，the Chinese version shall prevail. This Contract shall be writte This Agreement constitutes the entire and only Agreement between the Parties hereto and supersedes and nullifies all prior agreements，commitments，expressed or implied，between the Parties hereto. This

13、Agreement constitutes th 4.附件 ： Appendix(Annex) 4.附件 ： Appendix(Annex) 5.结尾立证条款 ： WITNESS ClauseIN WITNESS THEREOF，Party A and Party B start to execute this Agreement by persons thereunto duly authorized on the date signed their respective signatures. 5.结尾立证条款 ： WITNESS Clause 三.涉外经济合同的语言特点1.选用正式的法律

14、条文的用词2.同义词连用3.经常使用一些“古体词” 三.涉外经济合同的语言特点 1.选用正式的法律条文的用词ClearUnadornedLegal 1.选用正式的法律条文的用词 The Appendix hereof shall, through the Contract period, be deemed to be construed as part of this Contract.The frist board meeting shall be convened within one month after the issurance of the Companys business

15、license. The Appendix hereof shall, th 2.同义词连用许多单词一词多义，在句中可能发生意思不明，合同双方按自己的意图来理解。为了保证内容上的准确性，维护法律文件的独解性尊严。The Agreement is made and entered into by and between Party A and Party B.The Parties to this Contract shall fulfill or perform any of the obligations under this Contract. 2.同义词连用 3.经常使用一些“古体词”在

16、法律文件中使用，可以避免重复、冗长，使合同语句简练、准确、有力。Hereafter,hereby,herein,hereinafter,hereto ,hereunder,hereupon,herewith,hereof 3.经常使用一些“古体词” All disputes which may arise from the performance of this Contract shall,through amicable negotiations,be settled by the Parties hereto. All disputes which may arise With refe

17、rence to .lease Agreement,we hereby establish in your favour,at the request of the leasee,an Irrevocable Letter of Guarantee No.BC450. for an amount not exceeding JY(say Tapanese Yenonly). With reference to .lease Agr In case Party A shall decide not to continue the progress of Works,this Contract s

18、hall be terminated under Article 10 hereof. Foreign trade mentioned herein shall cover the import and export of goods,technology and the international trade in services. 四.合同翻译的准则Generl Translation Criteria:FaithfulnessExpressivenessElegance 四.合同翻译的准则 Faithfulness and AccuracyExpressiveness and Conc

19、ise Faithfulness and Accuracy The retail list price of Party As Products represents the fair market value to the consumer.We shall write to you once again our end-users are in the market for your Product.We are glad to say that just now the market is in a very strong position. The retail list price

20、of Part The number of attendants of each party shall be no more than five persons.Each party shall bare its own expenses. The number of attendants of e 五.合同译文中必须大写的部分1.涉外经济合同中涉及的当事人2.机构组织名称3.合同涉及的关键词4.合同中提及的合同及本合同具体条款及附件5.有关国际公约、惯例、法律、法规、条例等名称6.合同中涉及的有关契约或文件名称7.合同提及的货币名称的首词字母及大写 五.合同译文中必须大写的部分 The T

21、erm of the Company shall be 5years commencing from the date of issuance of the Companys business license.The board meeting shall be convened and presided over by the Chairman.Should the Chairman be absent, the vice-chairman shall,in principle, convened and presided over the board meeting. The Term o

22、f the Company shall 1.本法所称的“经营者”是指从事商品经营或营利性服务的法人，其它经济组织和个人。2.本法所称的“公司”是指依据本法在中国境内设立的有限责任公司或股份有限公司。3.如果甲方决定不再继续施工，本合同应按合同第10条的规定立即终止。 1.本法所称的“经营者”是指从事商品经营或营利性服务的法人 Business operators mentioned herein refer to such legal persons(entities),other economic organizations and individuals as engage in the

23、trading of goods or profit-making services. Business operators mentioned The term “company” mentioned herein refers to such a limited liability company or such a company limited by shares as are established within the territory of China in accordance with this law. The term “company” mentioned In ca

24、se Party A shall decide not to continue the progress of Works,this Contract shall be terminated under Article 10 hereof. In case Party A shall decide Unless otherwise specified in the l/c,banks shall accept the transport documents indicating the third party than the beneficiary of the l/c as the con

25、signor of the goods. Unless otherwise specified in Nowadays, a highly developed service industry has become an important indicator of a nations modernization degree.The total revenue of the global service industry has exceeded RMB15trillion, which is far more than the total revenue of the industrial

26、 and agricultural industry. Nowadays, a highly developed 句子中状语的位置上市公司应按相关法律和管理条例，定期公开财务状况和经营情况。根据仲裁规则，仲裁费用应由败诉方承担。股东按照出资比例在股东会议上行使表决权。句子中状语的位置上市公司应按相关法律和管理条例，定期公开财务 A listed company shall,pursuant to relevant lawsand administrative regulations,make public periodically its financial and operational c

27、onditions.The arbitration fee,shall in accordance with the Rules of Arbitration ,be borne by the losing party.Shareholders shall,in accordance with the propotions of their capital contribution,exercise voting rights at shareholders meetings. A listed company shall,pursua英译汉的翻译方法词性转换定语的表示法被动语态的译法正译与反

28、译英译汉的翻译方法词性转换 一.其他词性转换成动词1.名词转换成动词We have dicided to place a trial order for the following on the terms stated in your letter.We learn that you have been dealers of Chinese products for many years.We are exporters of the above goods, having a background of some 30 years. 一.其他词性转换成动词 2.介词转换成动词We insi

29、st on payment by irrevacable letter of credit payable against shipping documents. 2.介词转换成动词 3.形容词转换成动词Please let us know if our terms are acceptable . 3.形容词转换成动词 二.其他词性转换成名词1.形容词转换成名词The new contract would be valid for 5 years.The price is elastic.2.副词转换成名词He is physically weak but mentally sound. 二

30、.其他词性转换成名词 三.其他词性转换成形容词1.名词转换成形容词Negociation is a success.2.副词转换成形容词The novel impressed her deeply.Losses are closely related to rough handling. 三.其他词性转换成形容词定语的表示方法1.形容词作定语：Practical way Irrevocable L/CContractual obligationNational treatmentThere are no such mens shirts available for export.定语的表示方法

31、1.形容词作定语： 2.代词作定语Having its principal office at .This contract shall be . 2.代词作定语 3.数词作定语Millions of people have involoved in this disaster.The lion is the king of animals.There are indications showing that the SARS is a highly infectious disease. 3.数词作定语 4.名词作定语Business scopeProduction capacityOper

32、ation planPerformance bond 4.名词作定语 5.分词（分词短语）作定语（1）单独存在时放在被修饰的名词前 retired workers skilled workers leased equipment authorized representative listed company governing law 5.分词（分词短语）作定语 （2）若是分词短语，一般放在被修饰的中心词之后，翻译成“所”、“而”等 materials required for carrying out the project all disputes arising from the ex

33、ecution of this Contract Buyers shall not be liable for any delay caused by Force Majeure. （2）若是分词短语，一般放在被修饰的中心词之后，翻译成“所 6.动名词作定语 working system teaching plan 6.动名词作定语 7.不定式（短语）作定语 This will be a good opportunity to exchange experience. He was the frist person to think of this idea. Party B reserves

34、 the right to reject any or all quotations received. 7.不定式（短语）作定语 8.介词短语作定语 letter of credit the Parties to this Contract a specialist in heart disease the products under this Agreement agreement on Compensation Trade application for the patent difficulty in meeting the obligations 8.介词短语作定语 P67A ce

35、rtificate to this effect should be provided. P67 9.定语从句的翻译A.合译法：把简短的定语从句译成汉语中的定语Space and oceans are the new world which scientists are trying to explore.Income tax which may be levied on the income of the personnel in Iraq shall be paid by the Employer.SARS,which is infectious ,frightens all the pe

36、ople. 9.定语从句的翻译 B.分译法：将较长的定语从句译成汉语中的并列分句，也可重复先行词，加上代词“这”、“其”等来作该分句的主语。A fuel is a material which will burn at a reasonable temperature and produce heat. B.分译法：将较长的定语从句译成汉语中的并列分句，也可重复 C.融合法：把主句和定语从句融合成一句简单句，其中的定语从句译成单句中的谓语部分。 In our factory, there are many people who are much interested in the new in

37、vention. C.融合法：把主句和定语从句融合成一句简单句，其中的定语从 D.状译法：有的定语从句看似定语，但在意义上却与主句保持着状语关系。 Computers, which have many advantages,can not carry out creative work and replace man. D.状译法：有的定语从句看似定语，但在意义上却与主句保持着被动语态的译法一.保存主语：被动句中的主语为无生命的名词，而且句中不出现由by引导的行为主体，通常保留主语。The case under dispute shall be submittedfor arbitration

38、.Goods are sold at specially low prices.被动语态的译法一.保存主语：被动句中的主语为无生命的名词，而 二.主宾颠倒：在表示行为主体的词前加by，变成汉语的主动句。The losses are compensated for by the gains.Any claim by the Buyers shall be filed within 30 days after arrival of the goods at port of .Compensation will be made by Party Afor all losses sustained b

39、y Party B. 二.主宾颠倒：在表示行为主体的词前加by，变成汉语的主动句 三.增加主语：有时需要适当添加一些不确定的主语，如“人们、有人、大家、我们”等。It is mutually agreed that the .Information has been received here to the effect that prices on your side are showing signs of recovery. It would be advisable for you to establish the covering letter of credit as soon a

40、s possible. 三.增加主语：有时需要适当添加一些不确定的主语，如“人们、 四.译成汉语无主句：有时无需或没法说出行为主体。The question neednt be involved in. 四.译成汉语无主句：有时无需或没法说出行为主体。 五.译成汉语判断句：有些被动句着重描写事物的过程、性质和状态。这类句子实际上与系表结构相近。Printing was introduced into Europe from China. 五.译成汉语判断句：有些被动句着重描写事物的过程、性质和状 六.译成汉语被动句：This multi-lateral agreement has been w

41、idely approved by most governments. 六.译成汉语被动句：正译与反译（一）正说反译顺从汉语表达习惯1.Keep upright!2.Admission by Invitation Only.3.Agreeable sweetness.4.Before the recript has been signed,the money must not be paid. 正译与反译（一）正说反译 5.He lay awake almost the whole night.6.Its beyond his power to fulfill the task.7.The s

42、pecification lacks detail.8.His conduct is above reproach. 5.He lay awake almost the who 加强修辞效果1.Thats a thing that might happen to anyone.2.We may safely say so.3.The sort of thing was so much in the air that I didnt question it. 加强修辞效果 （二）反说正译顺从汉语表达习惯1.We believe the quality of this material will

43、not fail in answering your purpose.2.If we can help you further,please dont hesitate to get in touch with us. （二）反说正译 3.We never see each other without talking about weather.4.I dont keep you waiting long.5.We must never stop talking an optimistic view of life.6.Students,which no exception,are to ha

44、nd in their papers this afternoon. 3.We never see each other wit 加强修辞效果1.If I had not lost my watch.2.We are not completely satisfied with your manner of doing business. 加强修辞效果 Exercise:1.Do you know why she is always trying to avoid you?2.Dont open the door till the bus stops.3.I have read your art

45、icles. I expected to meet an old men. Exercise: 4.Gases can not be quickly compressed without generating heat.5.The theory of Relativity worked out by Einstein is now above many peoples comprehension. 4.Gases can not be quickly co汉译英的翻译方法一.词的变通二.词性转换三.汉语中动词的译法四. 句子语态的转换汉译英的翻译方法一.词的变通 一.选词的变通（一）根据习惯搭

46、配1.定语和中心词的搭配汉语中的“副”Vice president premierministerDeputy mayorsecretarydivision chiefdirectorAssociate professorresearch fellow 一.选词的变通 汉语中的“高级”高级编辑 高级英语高级饭店高级人民法院Client customer 汉语中的“高级” 2.主语和谓语的搭配这幅绘画被故宫博物院收藏。This painting is in the possession of the Palace Museum.The Palace Museum is in possession of this painting. 2.主语和谓语的搭配 3.谓语和宾语的搭配开门 开运河开枪 开店开车 开船开灯 开药房 3.谓语和宾语的搭配 （二）根据词在上下文中的意思来选择1.十年树木，百年树人。It takes 10years to grow trees,but 100 years to rear people. 2.农业是国民经济的基础。Agri