2022-2023学年湖南省长沙市芙蓉区铁路第一中学高三一诊考试英语试卷含解析

1、2022-2023学年高考英语模拟试卷注意事项1考生要认真填写考场号和座位序号。2试题所有答案必须填涂或书写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。第一部分必须用2B 铅笔作答；第二部分必须用黑色字迹的签字笔作答。3考试结束后，考生须将试卷和答题卡放在桌面上，待监考员收回。第一部分 （共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1Don t worry. A number of efforts are being made _ the whole system operating normally.Abeing keptBkeptCkeepingDto keep2If Kate had known what

2、 was _ for her, she would not have married Tom.Ain responseBin returnCin reactionDin store3Where was I?You _ you didnt like your job.Ahad said BsaidCwere saying Dhas said4 I am just wondering which team, Chicago Bulls or Washington Wizards, won the game last night? _ I dont really like either team.A

3、Dont mention it. BNo problem.CWho cares? DWhy bother?5The incident turned him into different person, even if he did not realize it at beginning.Aa; aBthe; theCthe; aDa; the6Do you think he is the only person for the job?Im not quite sure but hell prove_ to the task.AequalBessentialCspecialDsuperior7

4、Smoking _ in the kitchen in my house.A doesnt allow B didnt allowC isnt allowed D wont allow8What do you think of your preparations for the final exams?Not so good. Actually I feel like _ for Ive made little progress in Maths.ADaniel in the lions denBAchilles heelCa good SamaritanDa sacred cow9 Tony

5、, you seem in high spirits._ We won the match 4-1.AGuess what?BOh, come on!CSo what?DNo wonder.10-I did really well in the examination, Li Ke. -I did _. I got full mark.Ano lessBnot lessCnot worseDno worse11Please remind your grandpa to take medicine on time, for a man of his age _be very forgetfulA

6、needBmustCshallDcan12I found my computer functioning much better, _ a new operating system.Ato installBinstallingChaving installedDinstalled13The split between humans and living apes is thought by some scholars _ 15 to 20 million years ago.Ato occurBoccurringCto have occurredDhaving occurred14Tianji

7、n soccer fans wonder how long it will be _ the popular soccer star Sunke can appear in the fields in Tianjin as a member of Tianjin Tianhai soccer team.AbeforeBsinceCuntilDwhere15Pennys baby daughter narrowly escaped drinking the furniture polish on the coffee table.Luckily for her. She _ sick or ev

8、en died.Acould have gotBshould have gotCmust have gotDwill have got16Its really stupid of you _ him the news yesterday so that it has been disturbing him all the timeAhaving toldBtellingCto tellDto have told17The deal， next week，will allow Charney to make a great fortune in the stock market.Acomplet

9、edBbeing completedCto be completedDhaving been completed18Hardly ever _ so many choices for young people entering the workforce as there are today.Athere areBthere have beenChave there beenDare there19Reporters asked him to _hisposition on welfare reform.Aclarify Bdivide Cinstruct20Nicholas was very

10、 kind, merciful and generous. This is _ Father Christmas is based on.AwhereBhowCwhatDwhy第二部分 阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。21（6分）Imagine that youre the creator and show runner of the newest comedy show on television. Only it isnt so popular yet, and your live Studio audience isnt givin

11、g you the big laughs the show deserves. Do you film the show all over again, hoping that this time the audience will laugh? Or is there another option for making a joke sound funnier than it was received?Sweeten(改善) the sound by adding a laugh track! “Sweetening,” or the addition of sound effects su

12、ch as laughs, screams, and other audience-produced noises to the audio track of a TV show, has been used since the 1940s to produce the appearance, or rather the sound, of an engaged and entertained response to a shows comedy. Laugh tracks came into existence as not only a solution, and sometimes re

13、placement, for an unengaged live audience but also as a way to engage an at-home audience into a more-traditional, public, and theaterlike experience. Adding a laugh track to a television show makes the viewers at home feel much less like theyre sitting on a couch staring at the television screen an

14、d much more like theyre in a room full of laughing happy people to varying degrees of success.Though the art of sweetening has risen and fallen in popularity over the past 60 years, credit for its creation and continued use is owed to laugh-track pioneer and sound engineer Charles Douglass. Douglass

15、 was the first to develop, in 1953, a machine for producing “canned laughter”, accessible at the push of a button or pull of a lever (操纵杆). Despite being artificial, sensibly edited laugh tracks are found by television studios to bring about a positive audience response, as their use is usually acco

16、mpanied by higher ratings and increased audience memory. Though some television audiences may disagree with the value of the laugh track, the cheerful and repetitive sound holds a permanent place in the history and future of television comedy.1、The author uses the first paragraph to .Aintroduce the

17、topic “sweetening”Bseek solutions for the problemCpoint out a way of making comediesDarouse readers interest in comedies2、What effect does a laugh track produce?AThe creation of a show.BFunnier sound in a show,CMore engaged live audienceDCommunication among TV viewers.3、Whats the authors attitude to

18、wards the use of the laugh track?ADoubtful. BPositive.CNeutral (中立的). DUncertain,4、What does the passage mainly talk about?AThe reason for using laugh tracks.BThe brief history of laugh tracks.CThe development of TV comedies.DThe way to improve television shows.22（8分）Dogs and humans have been living

19、 side-by-side for about 15,000 years, but there are tons of facts about dogs that perhaps we have never heard of.Night visionDogs have good night vision. Their large pupils let more light in and the rods (视杆细胞) work better in poor light. But the biggest factor is the tapetum (反光组织), which reflect li

20、ght at the back of the eye. Besides, dogs whiskers (胡须) also help them “see” in the dark because they pick up on very small changes in air, providing dogs with information about the size, shape, and speed of things nearby.Secret tail codeDogs can use their tails to communicate. They wag their tails

21、to the right when they are relaxed or happy, and to the left when nervous or threatened. When they re aggressive, the tails will stick straight-up in the air. A broad wag is friendly while a slow wag is neutral, neither excited nor anxious.DreamsWe often see a dogs body making sudden movements in it

22、s sleep. Dogs have the same brain wave patterns as humans while they are asleep, so they dream just like we do.Super noseDogs can find their way home despite long distances. Their noses are a vital part of their incredible sense of direction. The part of a dogs brain that controls smell is 40 times

23、larger than humans. Theyre able to follow smells for miles. Furthermore, dogs have an amazing ability to recognize the smells given off by the abnormal cells in human bodies, including cancer. This is something scientists are eager to explore further. And interesting, a dogs “fingerprint” is on its

24、nose. The patterns on dogs noses are so distinct that they can actually be used to identify the animals.A sixth senseDogs act strangely before something bad, like a storm or earthquake, happens, for they are sensitive to low frequencies that humans cant sense. So dont let their strange behavior go u

25、nnoticed next time. It could save your life.1、Which of the following indirectly helps dogs see well in the dark?ATheir rods. BTheir tapetum.CTheir whiskers. DTheir pupils.2、If a dog holds up the tail, it indicates _.Ahappiness BattackCfriendliness Drelaxation3、What hasnt been discovered about a dog?

26、AWhy it can sense natural disasters. BWhy it has an acute sense of smell.CWhat emotions it shows with its tail. DHow it can smell humans illnesses.4、In what way are dogs like humans?AThey dream when they sleep. BThey have good night vision.CThey have distinct nose patterns. DThey can react to low fr

27、equencies.23（8分） Jarrett Little was road testing his mountain bike outside of Columbus, Georgia, when his riding partner, Chris Dixon, stopped suddenly. Something in the distance moving among the trees had caught her attention. It turned out to be a sandy-colored five-month-old puppy.“He was really

28、thin, ribs showing, and a broken leg,” Little told John Parks, a reporter from CBS News. The cyclists fed the friendly pup and shared their water. They also quickly realized that the dog was coming with them, although they had no idea how. They were more than seven miles from downtown and riding bik

29、es. “We couldnt leave him,” Little said. “Out there next to the Oxbow Meadows, he was going to become the lunch of an alligator living in the river.”Suddenly, Little had an idea. He carefully picked up his new friend and slipped the 38-pound dogs hind legs（后肢） into the back pockets of his cycling ja

30、cket. Then he hung the dogs front paws over his shoulders.“He was injured, so he wasnt trying to fight,” Little says. “He was also happy that we were there, touching him, and hadnt taken off on him.”The groups 30-minute ride into town ended at a bike store, where they got more water and food for the

31、 dog. That was when Andrea Shaw, an accountant from Maine in town on business, happened by. The dog made a headed straight for her, licking and “loving on her,” says Dixon. Shaw was struck and, after learning what had happened, declared her intentions: “I am keeping this dog.”Shaw called him Columbo

32、 and scheduled an operation on his leg. Today, Columbo is living the high life on a farm with a horse, a pony, a six-year-old boy, to keep him company. As Dixon told John Parks, “He is literally the luckiest dog alive.”1、Why did Little say they couldnt leave the dog behind?AIt was friendly and cute.

33、BIt followed them closely.CIt had to be taken to hospital at once.DIt might fall victim to other animals.2、How did Little manage to get the dog together with them?ABy carrying it in his pockets.BBy placing it on the bike.CBy shouldering it on his back.DBy taking it away with him.3、Who will accept th

34、e dog as a pet?AJarrett little.BChris Dixon.CAndrea Shaw.DJohn Parks.4、What word can we use to describe the dogs present life?ADifficult.BAdmirable.CPitiful.DMiserable.24（8分） Compassion（同情）is a desire within us to help others.With effort,we can translate compassion into action.An experience last wee

35、kend showed me this is true.I work part-time in a supermarket across from a building for the elderly.These old people are our main customers,and its not hard to lose patience over their slowness.But last Sunday,one aged gentleman appeared to teach me a valuable lesson.This untidy man walked up to my

36、 register（收款机）with a box of biscuits.He said he was out of cash,had just moved into his room,and had nothing in his cupboards. He asked if we could let him have the food on trust.He promised to repay me the next day.I couldnt help staring at him.I wondered what kind of person he had been ten or twen

37、ty years before,and what he would be like if fortune had gone his way.I had a hurt in my heart for this kind of human soul,all alone in the world.I told him that I was sorry,but store rules didnt allow me to do so.I felt stupid and unkind saying this,but I valued my job.Just then,another man,standin

38、g behind the first,spoke up.If anything,he looked more pitiable.Charge it to me, was all he said.What I had been feeling was pity.Pity is soft and safe and easy.Compassion,on the other hand,is caring in action. I thanked the second man but told him that was not allowed either.Then I reached into my

39、pocket and paid for the biscuits myself.I reached into my pocket because these two men had reached into my heart and taught me compassion.1、The aged gentleman who wanted to buy the biscuits_.Apromised to obey the store rulesBforgot to take his credit card with himChoped to have the food first and pa

40、y laterDcould not afford anything more expensive2、Which of the following best describes the old gentleman?AKind and lucky.BPoor and lonely.CFriendly and helpful.DHurt and disappointed.3、Why did the author refuse the old gentle mans request first?AHe wanted to keep his present job.BHe felt no pity fo

41、r the old gentleman.CHe considered the old man dishonest.DHe expected someone else to pay for the old man.4、What lesson did the author learn from this experience?AWealth is most important in older age.BHelping others is easier said than done.CPity is better gained through practice.DObeying the rules

42、 means more than compassion.25（10分） Shark attacks not only disturb beach activities, but can affect associated tourist industries. Shark nets are a common solution to preventing shark attacks on beaches, but they cause dangers to sea ecosystems.Seeking a cost-effective way to monitor beach safety ov

43、er large areas, we have developed a system called Shark Spotter. It combines artificial intelligence (AI), computing power, and drone (无人机) technology to identify and warn lifesavers to sharks near swimmers. The project is a cooperation between the University of Technology Sydney and The Ripper Grou

44、p, which is pioneering the use of dronescalled “Westpac Little Ripper Lifesavers”in the search and rescue movement in Australia.SharkSpotter can detect sharks and other potential threats using real-time aerial imagery. The system analyses video from a camera attached to a drone to monitor beaches fo

45、r sharks, send warnings, and conduct rescues. Developed with techniques known as “deep learning”, the Shark Spotter system receives imagery from the drone camera and attempts to identify all objects in the scene. Once certain objects are detected, they are put into one of 16 categories: shark, whale

46、, dolphin, rays, different types of boats, surfers, and swimmers.If a shark is detected, Shark Spotter provides both a visual sign on the computer screen and an audible warning to the operator. The operator confirms the warning and sends text messages from the Shark Spotter system to the Surf Life S

47、avers for further action. In an emergency, the drone is equipped with a lifesaving flotation pod (漂浮仓) together with an electronic shark repellent (驱逐装置) that can be dropped into the water in cases where swimmers are in severe trouble, trapped in a rip, or if there are sharks close by.In January 201

48、8, the Westpac Little Ripper Lifesavers was used to rescue two young swimmers caught in a rip at Lennox Head, NSW. The drone flew down the beach some 800 meters from the lifeguard station, and a lifesaving flotation pod was dropped from the drone. The complete rescue operation took 70 seconds.We bel

49、ieve Shark Spotter is a win-win for both marine life and beachgoers. This unique technology combines dynamic video image processing AI and advanced drone technology to creatively deal with the global challenge of ensuring safe beaches, protecting environments, and promoting tourism.1、A Shark Spotter

50、 is _.Aa solution to monitor sharksBan equipment to identify lifesaversCa technology to prevent shark attacksDa project to pioneer the use of drones2、When a shark is spotted near a swimmer, the system will _.Atake timely actionBanalyze the visual dataCclassify the identified objectsDturn on “deep le

51、arning” mode3、The example in the 5th paragraph shows us that the system isAefficient in saving livesBeffective in detecting sharksCsmart in driving sharks awayDpractical over the whole sea area4、What is the authors attitude towards the future of SharkSpotter?ADoubtful.BOptimistic.CNegative.DObjectiv

52、e.第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节）第一节（每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项26（30分）Mark was much affected with the discovery in the morning: his beloved violin, one of his few 1 and the primary source of his living, had been stolen.Mark is homeless. For years, hes been a familiar face to local pe

53、ople,whove 2 his violin-playing in Metro stations around the city. He shared the bad news of his 3 with his fans,making a simple 4 with the words “Violin Stolen”. Little did Mark know that his sign would soon 5 , inspiring an outpouring of 6 from the very strangers hed been playing music for years.

54、A woman 7 Mark with his sign and posted the picture on Facebook, which soon 8 the attention of a Montreal orchestra.The orchestras manager Jean was really 9 by Marks story. “Oh my God,this poor man lost his only way of 10 his passion(热情)to others,” he said. “we had to realize this person was not jus

55、t a(n) 11 ” 12 to purchase a new violin for Mark,orchestra members 13 out to Francis Lapointe, owner of local violin shop,who too waft moved by Marks 14 ,and wanted to help “put 15 back in his life”. He offered to sell a new violin 16 “He will have everything he needs to be playing again. Its a good

56、 instrument and its going to work for years, 17 , for Mark to enjoy his music and for us to enjoy his music also.”When Jean finally had the new violin 18 to Mark, the homeless mans tears 19 his cheeks.Any act of kindness is a light for the less fortunate. No act of kindness, however small, is ever 2

57、0 . Even a simple and a word of kindness can make a big difference.1、Apossessions Bgoods Ctools Dviolins2、Ahelped Bshowed Cenjoyed Dtrusted3、A1ack Bdisappearance Cdamage Dloss4、Amark Bsymbol Csign Dgesture5、Acame out Blet out Ccame around Dgot around6、Awonder Bcuriosity Ckindness Danxiety7、AImpresse

58、d Bphotographed Cshared Dconnected8、ACaught Bpaid Cturned Dfixed9、Amoved Bconfused Camazed Dbothered10、APutting Bdrawing Cleading Dcommunicating11、Asomebody Banybody Cnobody Deverybody12、AEncouraged BDetermined CAble DAmbitious13、Afound Bheld Creached Dgave14、Aadventure Bpersonality Cfeeling Dmisfor

59、tune15、Afaith Bmusic Cconfidence Dtalent16、Aat cost Bat hand Con show Don sale17、Agradually Bhopefully Cequally Dgenerally18、Adelivered Badded Cattached Dapplied19、Amoved on Btook on Cpoured down Dturned down20、Acounted Brepaid Clost Dwasted第二节（每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。27（15分）St

60、ephen Hawking, who is the most famous physicist, was born in Britain on January 8th, 1942. As a child, he was enthusiastic about 1 (design) complicated toys but 2 (fortune), in his twenties, he suffered 3 a disease that was impossible to be cured,4 was a great challenge for him. However, not only wa