2022年考研考博-考博英语-中央美术学院考试名师押题精选卷I（带答案详解）试卷号14

1、住在富人区的她2022年考研考博-考博英语-中央美术学院考试名师押题精选卷I（带答案详解）（图片可根据实际调整大小）题型12345总分得分一.综合题(共50题)1.单选题The statistical figures in that report are not（ ） .You should not refer to them.问题1选项A.accurateB.fixedC.delicateD.rigid【答案】A【解析】考查形容词辨析。accurate“精确的”；fixed“确定的，固执的”；delicate“微妙的，精美的”；rigid“严格的，僵硬的”。句意：那份报告中的统计数字是不精确

2、的，你不应该参考它们。A项符合题意。2.翻译题Directions: Translate the following five underlined sentences into Chinese. Write your translation on the Answer Sheet.You cannot find or will you ever find gold on the surface. It has to be discovered and has to be found deep inside the Earths ground. 1.And it takes years to

3、find the gold and this is why it is so valuable. Not everyone has it.Character is the same. You will not find character on the surface. You can only find character deep inside your soul. 2.And your character is only discovered when there is chaos. Your character is never tested when things are going

4、 your way.3.You have to dig deep inside of you to find the character and when you do that you will discover the true gold.You consistently remember on how you treat others. Are you kind or unkind? Do you have manners? Are you respectful? These are questions we ask each other.4.This is why your chara

5、cter is your gold mine. You must guard your character just like you would guard your gold. Do not let anyone take it or destroy it.5.People will test you in life and events in life will shake you. However, when this happens please look deep inside and find your character because your character will

6、help you succeed any event.Your character is your gold.【答案】1.这个过程很费时间，所以黄金才那么珍贵，不是每个人都能够拥有。2.只有混乱发生的时候你才会发现它，只有在事情不顺心的时候你的品质才会得到考验3.向自我的深处挖掘，寻找你的品质，这样你就会发现真正的黄金。4.这就是为什么说你的品质是你的金矿。你一定要守护你的品质，就像你会守护自己的黄金一样。5.在生活中，有的人会考验你，有的事情会使你动摇。3.单选题Hes watching TV? Hes（ ） to be cleaning his room.问题1选项A.knownB.sup

7、posedC.regardedD.considered【答案】B【解析】考查动词辨析。be supposed to do sth“应该做某事，被期望做某事”；句意：他在看电视吗？他本应该在打扫房间的。B项符合题意。4.单选题His stomach began to（ ） because of the bad food he had eaten.问题1选项A.painB.harmC.be hurtD.ache【答案】D【解析】考查固定搭配。A选项pain “疼痛，痛苦”；B选项harm“伤害，损害”；C选项be hurt“受伤”；D选项ache“（身体某个部位）疼痛”。句意：因为吃了变质的食物，

8、他的胃开始疼了。表示身体某个部分疼痛用ache，所以选项D正确。5.单选题I know Jam quite well and never doubt（ ） he can do a good job of it.问题1选项A.whetherB.whenC.thatD.what【答案】C【解析】考查固定用法。doubt后面一般接that从句，意为“怀疑某事”。句意：我很了解Jam，他一定能把这件事做得很好。这里是说我从不怀疑，也就是相信他能做好这件事，所以选项C正确。6.单选题As a result of the strike, the Government is urging people to

9、 be（ ）with electricity.问题1选项A.economicB.economicalC.economyD.economics【答案】B【解析】考查形近词辨析。A选项economic“经济上的”；B选项economical“经济的，节俭的”；C选项economy“经济，节约”；D选项economics“经济学”。根据句意“由于罢工，政府正在敦促人们节约用电。”be economical with意为“节约使用某物”。选项B正确。7.单选题The car accident was（ ）to the drivers violation of the traffic regulatio

10、ns.问题1选项A.assignedB.contributedC.attributedD.transferred【答案】C【解析】考查动词辨析。assign“分配，指派”；contribute“贡献”；attribute“归属，把归于”；transfer“转让，转移”。句意：这起交通事故是由于司机违反交通规则造成的。C项符合题意。8.单选题The more a nations companies （ ）factories abroad, the smaller that countrys recorded exports will be.问题1选项A.lieB.spotC.standD.loc

11、ate【答案】D【解析】考查动词辨析。lie“躺，位于”；spot“认出，弄脏”；stand“使站立，忍受”；locate“位于，查找 的地点”。句意：一个国家位于国外的工厂越多，该国记录的出口就会越少。D项符合题意。9.单选题After working all day, he was so tired that he was in no（ ） to go to the party with us.问题1选项A.tasteB.moodC.senseD.emotion【答案】B【解析】考查固定搭配。in no mood to do sth“没心情做某事”。句意：工作一整天之后，他很疲劳以至于他没

12、有心情跟我们去参加聚会。故B项正确。10.写作题Directions: For this part, you are required to write a composition on the topic “Uncivilized Behaviors in Public” You should write at least 160 words and you should base your composition on the outline (in Chinese)below:1.在公共场合有哪些不文明行为2.造成这些不文明行为的原因3.怎样改进这些不文明行为【答案】略11.单选题Est

13、her wanted to go to Philadelphia by herself, but her parents would not give their（ ） .问题1选项A.contestB.consentC.convenienceD.control【答案】B【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项contest“比赛，争论”；B选项consent“同意，准许”；C选项convenience“便利”；D选项control“控制，管理”。根据句意“Esther想自己去费城，但她的父母不同意”。选项B符合句意。12.单选题All students（ ）a loud laugh when Profe

14、ssor Henry Ford told them the joke.问题1选项A.let offB.let downC.let outD.let up【答案】C【解析】考查词组辨析。A选项let off“宽恕，准许”；B选项let down“使失望”；C选项let out“发出，泄露”；D选项let up“停止，放松”。根据句意“当Henry Ford教授讲这个笑话时，所有学生都大笑起来。”这里是指发出笑声，所以选项C符合句意。13.单选题Please be serious. I am not（ ）. You should consider it carefully.问题1选项A.sorti

15、ngB.jokingC.countingD.comparing【答案】B【解析】考查动词辨析。sort“将分类”；joke“开玩笑”；count“计数”；compare“比较”。句意：请严肃点，我不是开玩笑的。你应该仔细地想想。B项符合题意。14.单选题Shes fainted. Throw some water on her face and shell（ ）.问题1选项A.come roundB.come alongC.come onD.come out【答案】A【解析】考查词组辨析。come round“顺道拜访，改主意，恢复知觉，苏醒”；come along“出现，一起来”；come

16、on“加油，快点”；come out“出现，出版，结果是”。句意：她昏倒了，往她脸上喷点水，她就会苏醒的。A项符合题意。15.单选题As soon as the boy was able to earn his own living he（ ） his parents strict rules.问题1选项A.defiedB.refutedC.excludedD.vetoed【答案】A【解析】考查动词辨析。defy“藐视，不服从”；refute“反驳，驳斥”；exclude“排除，排斥”；veto“否决，禁止”。句意：这个男孩能够自己谋生之后就不服从他父母的那些严厉的规则了。A项符合题意。16.

17、翻译题Directions: Read the following paragraph carefully and translate it into Chinese.1. Upon learning of this cultural preference, Hallmark reacted quickly. Even though Chinese and Japanese descendants of Romeo and Juliet are now able to buy greeting cards in their native language, Hallmark has made

18、sure the supply of greeting cards in English is plentiful. Thus, their customers can achieve both a display of their hip cosmopolitan flair, while also sending their sweetie that all-important message of love at the same time.2.English as a lingua franca is nothing more than a useful tool: it is a “

19、language for communication”, a medium that is given substance with the different national, regional, local and individual cultural identities its speakers bring to it. English itself does not carry such identities, and it is not a “language for identification”. And because of the variety of function

20、al uses of global English, English has also a great potential for promoting international understanding. Its different speakers must always work out a common behavioural and intercultural basis.【答案】1.在了解到这一文化偏好之后，霍尔马克公司快速做出了反应。尽管“罗密欧与朱丽叶”的中国和日本后裔现在都能买到母语贺卡，但霍尔马克公司同时确保了英语贺卡的供应充足。这样，他们的顾客既可以展示他们时尚的世界性

21、眼光，同时也可以向他们的爱人传达最重要的爱的信息。2.作为一种通用语，英语只不过是一种有用的工具:它是一种“交流的语言”， 是一种由其使用者赋予了不同民族、地区、地方和个人文化特色的物质媒体。英语本身并没有这种身份，它也不是一种“身份识别语言”。而且，由于全球英语功能用法的多样性，英语在促进国际理解方面也具有巨大潜力。不同的使用者必须始终制定出一个共同的行为和跨文化基础。17.单选题The findings paint a unique picture of the shopping habits of customers, plus their motivation and（ ）.问题1选项

22、A.privilegesB.possibilitiesC.possessionsD.preferences【答案】D【解析】考查名词辨析。privilege“特权”；possibility“可能性”；possession“拥有，财产”；preference“偏爱，优先权”。句意：调查结果描绘了一幅关于顾客购物习惯的独特画面，以及他们的动机和偏好。D项符合题意。18.单选题Beauty has always been regarded as something praiseworthy. Almost everyone thinks attractive people are happier a

23、nd healthier, have better marriages and more respectable occupations. Personal consultants give them better advice for finding jobs. Even judges are softer on attractive defendants（被告）. But in the executive circle, beauty can become a liability.While attractiveness is a positive factor for a man on

24、his way up the executive ladder, it is harmful to a woman. Handsome male executives were thought as having more integrity than plainer men; effort and ability were thought to account for their success. Attractive female executives were considered to have less integrity than unattractive ones; their

25、success was attributed not to ability but to factors such as luck.All unattractive women executives were thought to have more integrity and to be more capable than the attractive female executives. Interestingly, though, the rise of the unattractive overnight successes was attributed more to persona

26、l relationships and less to ability than was that of the attractive overnight successes.Why are attractive women not thought to be able? An attractive woman is thought to be more feminine and an attractive man more masculine than the less attractive ones. Thus, an attractive woman has an advantage i

27、n traditionally female jobs, but an attractive woman in a traditionally masculine position appears to lack the masculine qualities required.This is true even in politics. “When the only clue is how he or she looks, people treat men and women differently,” says Anne Bowman, who recently published a s

28、tudy on the effects of attractiveness on political candidates. She asked 125 undergraduate students to rank two groups of photographs, one of men and one of women, in order of attractiveness. The students were told the photographs were of candidates for political offices. They were asked to rank the

29、m again, in the order they would vote for them.The results showed that attractive males utterly defeated unattractive men, but the women who had been most attractive invariably received the fewest votes.1.The word liability in paragraph 1 most probably means（ ）.2.In traditionally female jobs, attrac

30、tiveness（ ）.3.Bowmans experiment reveals that when it comes to politics, attractiveness（ ） .4.The passage implies that peoples views on beauty are often（ ）.5.The purpose of the author in writing this passage is（ ）.问题1选项A.misfortuneB.instabilityC.disadvantageD.burden问题2选项A.reinforces the feminine qua

31、lities requiredB.makes women look more honest and capableC.is of primary importance to womenD.often enables women to succeed quickly问题3选项A.turns out to be an obstacle to menB.affects men and women alikeC.has as little effect on men as on womenD.is more of an obstacle than a benefit to women问题4选项A.pr

32、acticalB.prejudicedC.old-fashionedD.radical问题5选项A.to discuss the negative aspects of being attractiveB.to give advice to job-seekers who are attractiveC.to demand equal rights for womenD.to emphasize the importance of appearance【答案】第1题:C第2题:A第3题:D第4题:B第5题:A【解析】第1题:1.语义推断题。根据关键词定位到第一段最后一句“But in the

33、executive circle, beauty can become a liability. 但在高管圈子里，美貌可能成为一种 。”but在这里表示转折关系，前面的内容都是在讲美貌所带来的优势，因此可以推断，liability指的是不利条件。A选项misfortune“不幸，灾祸”；B选项instability“不稳定”；C选项disadvantage“不利条件”；D选项burden“负担，责任”。选项C与之意思相近，所以正确。2.判断推理题。根据第四段最后一句“Thus, an attractive woman has an advantage in traditionally fema

34、le jobs, but an attractive woman in a traditionally masculine position appears to lack the masculine qualities required. 因此，一个有吸引力的女性在传统的女性工作中具有优势，但一个有吸引力的女性在传统的男性工作上似乎缺乏所需的“男性”特征。”由此可以推断，传统的女性工作需要女性具有吸引力，因为吸引力增强了女性所需要的特质，选项A符合原文。3.判断推理题。根据原文最后一段的内容“结果显示,有吸引力的男性完全击败了没有吸引力的男性，但最具有吸引力的女性总是得到最少的选票。”由此可

35、知，当涉及政治时，吸引力对女性来说并不是一件好事，选项D符合原文。4.观点态度题。A选项practical“实际的”；B选项prejudiced“怀有偏见的”；C选项old-fashioned“过时的”； D选项radical“激进的”。文章内容首先介绍了人们对美的传统认知，然后介绍了人们认为具有吸引力的女性高管的成功大多来自运气，而不是能力；当涉及政治时，具有吸引力的女性得票最低。因此可知人们对于美的看法通常是带有偏见的，所以选项B正确。5.作者意图题。结合全文内容可知，文章第一段最后句就讲到了美貌可能会成为一个不利因素，接下来的内容也主要是围绕这一话题展开，所以作者写本文的目的主要是讨论吸

36、引力带来的负面影响，所以选项A正确。第2题:第3题:第4题:第5题:19.单选题The bank refused to（ ） him any money, so he had to postpone buying a house.问题1选项A.creditB.borrowC.loanD.lease【答案】C【解析】考查动词辨析。credit“信任，把归给”；borrow“借”；loan“贷款，借款”；lease“出租，租用”。句意：这个银行拒绝贷款给他，所以他不得不推迟买房子。C项符合题意。20.单选题（ ）energy under the earth must be released in

37、one form or another, for example, an earthquake.问题1选项A.AccumulatedB.GatheredC.AssembledD.Collected【答案】A【解析】考查形容词辨析。accumulated“累积的”；gathered “聚集的”; assembled“组合的，安装的”；collected“收成全集的，合订的”。句意：地下累计的能量一定会以某一种形式释放，比如地震。A项符合题意。21.单选题In our country, millions of ordinary men and women are working to（ ） pov

38、erty and backwardness.问题1选项A.figure outB.wipe outC.carry outD.take out【答案】B【解析】考查词组辨析。A选项figure out“理解，算出”；B选项wipe out“消灭，消除”；C选项carry out“实行”；D选项take out“拿走，去掉”。句意：在我们伟大的社会主义国家里，千百万普通男女正在为消除贫穷落后而无私地工作着。选项B符合句意。22.单选题Amtrak（美国铁路客运公司）was experiencing a downswing in ridership（客运量）along the lines compr

39、ising its rail system. Of major concern to Amtrak and its advertising agency DDB Needham, were the long-distance western routes where ridership had been declining significantly. At one time, trains were the only practical way to cross the vast areas of the west. Trains were fast, very luxurious, and

40、 quite convenient compared to other forms of transportation existing at the time. However, times change and the automobile became Americas standard of convenience. Also, air travel had easily established itself as the fastest method of traveling great distances. Therefore, the task for DDB Needham w

41、as to encourage consumers to consider other aspects of train travel in order to change their attitudes and increase the likelihood that trains would be considered for travel in the west.Two portions of the total market were targeted: 1）anxious fliersthose concerned with safety, relaxation, and clean

42、liness and 2）travel-loversthose viewing themselves as relaxed, casual, and interested in the travel experience as part of their vacation. The agency then developed a campaign that focused on travel experiences such as freedom, escape, relaxation, and enjoyment of the great western outdoors. It stres

43、sed experiences gained by using the trains and portrayed western train trips as wonderful adventures.Advertisements showed pictures of the beautiful scenery that could be enjoyed along some of the more famous western routes and emphasized the romantic names of some of these trains (Empire Builder, e

44、tc. ) These ads were strategically placed among family-oriented TV shows and programs involving nature and America in order to most effectively reach target audiences. Results were impressive. The Empire Builder, which was focused on in one ad, enjoyed a 15 percent increase in profits on its Chicago

45、 to Seattle route.1.Whats the authors purpose in writing this passage?2.It can be inferred from the passage that the drop in Amtrak ridership was due to the fact that（ ）.3.To encourage consumers to travel by train, DDB Needham emphasized（ ）.4.The train ads were placed among family-oriented TV progra

46、ms involving nature and America because（ ）.5.According to the passage, the Empire Builder enjoyed an increase in ridership and profitsbecause（ ）.问题1选项A.To show the inability of trains to compete with planes with respect to speed and convenienceB.To stress the influence of the automobile on Americas

47、standard of convenienceC.To emphasize the function of travel agencies in market promotionD.To illustrate the important role of persuasive communication in changing consumer attitudes问题2选项A.trains were not suitable for short distance passenger transportationB.trains were not the fastest and most conv

48、enient form of transportationC.trains were not as fast and convenient as they used to beD.trains could not compete with planes in terms of luxury and convenience问题3选项A.the freedom and convenience provided on trainsB.the practical aspects of train travelC.the adventurous aspects of train tripsD.the s

49、afety and cleanliness of train trips问题4选项A.they could focus on meaningful travel experiencesB.they could increase the effectiveness of the TV programsC.their profits could be increased by some 15 percentD.most travel-lovers and nervous fliers were believed to be among the audiences问题5选项A.the attract

50、iveness of its name and route was effectively advertisedB.it provided an exciting travel experienceC.its passengers could enjoy the great western outdoorsD.it was widely advertised in newspapers and magazines in Chicago and Seattle【答案】第1题:D第2题:B第3题:C第4题:D第5题:A【解析】第1题:1.作者意图题。本文主要讲述了美国铁路客运公司为应对飞机和汽车的

51、竞争所采取的应对策略，Amtrak将焦急的飞行者和旅游爱好者视为目标群体，然后对其进行广告的投放，最终取得一定效果。故作者的意图是强调广告的劝说性功能在改变消费者态度方面的作用。故D项正确。2.推理判断题。由第一段“However, times change and the automobile became Americas standard of convenience. Also, air travel had easily established itself as the fastest method of traveling great distances. 然而，时代变了，汽车成

52、为了美国方便的标准。而且，航空旅行很容易就成为长途旅行最快的方法。”可知美国铁路客运量下降主要是由于汽车和飞机的出现，火车不再是最快且最方便的交通方式。故B项正确。3.细节事实题。由第二段“ It stressed experiences gained by using the trains and portrayed western train trips as wonderful adventures. 它强调了乘坐火车所获得的体验，并将西方火车旅行描述为美妙的冒险。”可知DDB Needham强调火车旅行的冒险性。故C项正确。4.细节事实题。由最后一段“These ads were st

53、rategically placed among family-oriented TV shows and programs involving nature and America in order to most effectively reach target audiences. 这些广告被战略性地放置在以家庭为导向的涉及自然和美国的电视节目中，以便最有效地触及目标观众。”可知这些广告投放主要是为了能让目标观众看到，而前面已经提及目标观众是travel-lovers和fliers。故D项正确。5.推理判断题。由最后一段“Advertisements showed pictures of

54、 the beautiful scenery that could be enjoyed along some of the more famous western routes and emphasized the romantic names of some of these trains (Empire Builder, etc.) 广告展示了一些更著名的西部路线沿线可以欣赏的美丽风景的图片，并强调了这些火车的浪漫名字（帝国建造者等）。”可知帝国建造者号列车的客流量上升是源于列车的名字和广告中宣称的路线和风景。故A项正确。第2题:第3题:第4题:第5题:23.单选题My brothers

55、 plans are very（ ）; he wants to master English, French and Spanish before he is sixteen.问题1选项A.arbitraryB.aggressiveC.ambitiousD.abundant【答案】C【解析】考查形容词辨析。arbitrary“任意的，武断的，专制的”；aggressive“侵略性的，有进取心的”；ambitious“雄心勃勃的，有雄心的”；abundant“丰富的，充裕的”。句意：我哥哥的计划很有野心，他想在16岁前掌握英语，法语和西班牙语。C项符合题意。24.单选题Numerous stud

56、ies already link the first meal of the day to better classroom（ ）.问题1选项A.performanceB.functionC.behaviorD.display【答案】A【解析】考查名词辨析。performance“表现”；function“功能”；behavior“行为”；display“展示”。句意：许多研究已经将一天的第一顿饭与更好的课堂表现联系起来。A项符合题意。25.单选题Dogs are often praised for their（ ） they almost never abandon their master

57、s.问题1选项A.faithB.loyaltyC.trustD.truthfulness【答案】B【解析】考查名词辨析。faith“信仰，信念”；loyalty“忠实，忠心”；trust“信任，信赖”；truthfulness“坦率，正当”。句意：狗经常因其对主人忠实而受到表扬，他们几乎从不会抛弃他们的主人。由后半句句意可知B项符合题意。26.单选题Our license will（ ）next week，so we shall need a new one.问题1选项A.exploreB.denyC.expireD.explode【答案】C【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项explore“探索，探

58、测”；B选项deny“否认，拒绝”；C选项expire“期满，终止”；D选项explode“爆炸，激增”。根据句意“我们的执照下周就要到期了，所以我们需要一个新的。”选项C符合句意。27.单选题His hand shook a little as he（ ） the key in the lock.问题1选项A.squeezedB.insertedC.stuffedD.pierced【答案】B【解析】考查动词辨析。squeeze“挤，紧握”；insert“插入”；stuff“塞满”；pierce“穿孔”。句意：当他将钥匙插入锁时，他的手微微抖了一下。B项符合题意。28.单选题Among the

59、 more colorful characters of Leadvilles golden age were H.A. W. Tabor and his second wife, Elizabeth McCourt, better known as “Baby Doe”. Their history is fast becoming one of the legends of the Old West. Horace Austin Warner Tabor was a school teacher in Vermont. With his first wife and two childre

60、n he left Vermont by covered wagon in 1855 to homestead in Kansas. Perhaps he did not find farming to his liking, or perhaps he was lured by rumors of fortunes to be made in Colorado mines. At any rate, a few years later he moved west to the small Colorado mining camp known as California Gulch, whic