年阶段考核肿瘤学专业英语试题(B题)-转博资料文档

1、 PAGE 3 3 页2021 年阶段考核肿瘤学专业英语试题（B 题） 词汇英译汉（每题 1 分，共 10 分） 1Fine needle aspiration2Program cell deathes 3Tumor necrosis factor- 4Cell phase response 5Secondary malignant neoplasm 6Potential lethal damage 7Oxygen enhancement ration 8Basal cell carcinoma 9Sensitive enhancement ratio 10Unknown primarycar

2、cinoma二 词汇汉译英（每题 1 分，共 10 分） 1肛门指诊雌激素受体表皮生长因子内镜超声检查肿瘤特异性抗原全直肠系膜切除术深静脉血栓肝海绵状血管瘤家族性息肉病10 放化疗三 医学专业英语英译中（共 60 分）Radiation resistant squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck cell line JSQ-3 carries a mutant form of tumor suppressor gene p53. Treatment of these cells with an adenoviral vector contain

3、ing wild-type p53 (Av1p53) was able to inhibit their growth in vitro and in vivo while having no effect on normal cells. More significantly, introduction of wtp53 also reduced the radiation-resistance level of this cell line in vitro, in a viral dose-dependent manner. Furthermore,this radiosensitiza

4、tion also carried over to the in vivo situation where the response of JSQ-3 cell-induced mouse xenografts to radiotherapy was markedly enhanced after treatment with Av1p53. Complete, long-term regression of the tumors for up to 162 days was observed when a single dose of Av1p53 was administered in 你

5、 们 bination with ionizing radiation, demonstrating the effectivenessofthis你们 binationofgenetherapyandconventional radiotherapy. This sensitization of tumors to radiation therapy by replacement of wtp53 could significantly decrease the rate of recurrence after radiationtreatment. Since radiation is o

6、ne of the most prevalent forms of adjunctive therapy for a variety of cancers, these results have great relevance in moving toward an improved cancer therapy. Gene therapy involves the introduction of genetic material (DNA) in patient cells, in order to produce therapeutic effect after expression of

7、 the new gene. New insights in head and neck tumor etiology and the development of genetic engineering techniques made the gene transfer a 真相This article gives a brief overview of investigations leading to clinicalapplicationofgenetherapyinheadandnecktumors. A good therapeutic response in more than

8、50% patients has been reported in literature.These results and future potential of gene therapy are discussed.Axillary lymph node status is important for staging and planning therapy prior to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in patients with locally advanced breast cancers (LABC). The objective of this stud

9、y was to evaluate the use of axillary ultrasonography coupled with fine needle aspiration biopsy (US-FNAB) to determinelymphnodestatuspriortoinitiationofneoadjuvant chemotherapy.METHODS: Patients with a LABC, defined as a breast cancer clinically larger than 3.0 cm or a cytology positive axillary ly

10、mph node, were evaluated by clinical examination followed by ultrasonographic evaluation. Lymph nodes were categorized as suspicious for malignancy based on size 1.0 cm, decrease in the fatty hilum, or parenchymal echogenicity. US-FNAB was performed on all patients. Most patients received neoadjuvan

11、t chemotherapy followed by definitive surgery. Axillary surgery consisted of axillary lymph node dissection. Axillary status by clinical examination and US-FNAB was你们 pared with that obtained by axillary node dissection.RESULTS: FromJanuary 1998 to May 2021, 26 patients (27 axillae) presented with L

12、ABC our institution. The median age of these patients was 48 years. The sensitivity and specificity of US-FNAB for evaluating axillary metastatic disease patients with LABC were 100% and 100%, respectively.CONCLUSIONS: patients with locally advanced breast cancer, axillary ultrasonography coupledwit

13、h fine needle aspiration biopsy can accurately stage the axilla. It particularly useful and should be used more frequently in patients undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy. The use of ultrasonography to stage the axilla patients who present with small breast cancers should be explored.Several recent

14、trials have demonstrated that neoadjuvant chemotherapy can allow more patients to successfully undergo breast-conserving treatment (BCT), and does not confer a survival disadvantagepared with standard adjuvant chemotherapy. In addition, the pathological response of primary breast tumors to neoadjuva

15、nt chemotherapy appears to be a surrogate marker for patient out 你们e. In our series, during the period from May 1995 to December 2000, 86 patients with tumors between 3.1 and 6.0 cm in diameter received epirubicin-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy. There were 55 (64.0%) responders and ultimately 64 patients (74.4%) were treated with BCT. The margin positive rate was 14.1%(9/64), similar to the rate after BCT for early-stage breast cancers, the largest diameter of which was smaller than 3 cm. At a median follow-up of 30 months, only 3 patients in the BCT group have developed local recurrence; the