人教版新目标八年级英语下册unit-3

1、Unit3Couldyoupleasecleanyourroom?一基本知识点Peter,couldyoupleasetakeouttherubbish?彼得，你能把垃圾倒了吗？Couldyoupleasedosth?请你（做）好吗？用于提出请求，希望得到对方的肯定回答，说话的语气比较客气委婉。Could不是can的过去式，是委婉、礼貌的说法。回答用can.【常用答语】肯定回答：Sure./Ofcourse./Certainly./Noproblem.否定回答：Sorry,Icant2、takeout取出（v+adv）拓展】take构成的短语：takeoff脱下；起飞takeawalk去散步t

2、akearest休息takecareoftakeoff脱下；起飞takeup占据takedown拿下takeonestime不急；慢慢来takeonestemperature量体温takeoutthetrash倒垃圾takeaway拿走，取走takeback收回takeplace发生dothedishes洗碗Canyoudothedishes.?那你可以洗盘子吗？comeover过来comeupwith想出comefrom=befrom来自comeupwith想出comefrom=befrom来自,出生于comealong走吧,过来,快点comeout出来，（花）开，（照片）comeacros

3、s（偶然）发现comeback回来cometrue实现comedown下来comein/into进入,进来comeon赶快,加油comeandgo来来去去comeup上来冲洗出来allthetime=always一直；总是YouwatchTVallthetimeandneverhelpoutaroundthehouse!你总是看电视，从不帮忙做家务！neither两者都不neither.nor.既不也不，连接两个词做主语，谓语动词由后一个主语确定NeitherTomnorJimisastudent.Thenextday,mymomcamehomefromworktofindthehousecl

4、eanandtidy.第二天，妈妈下班回到家后发现房间很干净、整洁。【解析】find+宾语+宾语补足语【注】findffoundfoundv寻找findsb.doingsth发现某人做某事findit+adj.+todosth发现做某事很finditdifficult/hardtodosth发现做某事很困难Shefoundithardtofinishtheworkbyherself.&surprisev使吃惊surprisingadj.令人吃惊的surprisedadj.吃惊的toonessurprise使某人吃惊的是insurprise吃惊地惊奇地besurprisedat对感到吃惊Tomy

5、surprise.(使我吃惊的是)，hegotthefirstprizeintheexam.Sheaskedinsurprise.她吃惊地问道。hangout闲逛hangup把悬挂/挂起Couldyoupleasepassmethesalt?你能把盐递给我吗？【解析】pass(l)v给；递；走过；通过passsb.sth把某物递给某Passon传递Pleasepassthepaperontotheotherstudents.v通过；路过Ipassyourhome.v通过(考试)；及格Tomcanpasshismathexam.CouldIborrowthatbook?我能借下你那本书看吗、Co

6、uldyoulendmesomemoney?你能借我一些钱吗？【解析】borrow/lend/keepborrow借入,与from连用，尤指主语“【借进来”】borrowsthfromsb.从某人那里借某物Youcanborrowthebookfromthelibrary.lend借出,与to搭配【指借出去】lendsbsth=lendsthtosb把某物借给某人Hedoesntwanttolendhisbooktoothers.keep保留，保存(延续动词，可以与表示一段时间的状语连用)【指借一段时间】【记】Iwantto_borrow_abikefrommyfriendbuthedidnt

7、_lend_ittome,becauseTomhad_keptitfortwodays.Ihatetodochores.我讨厌做家务。hatetodosth讨厌做某事,表示某次具体行为或动作。Ihatetotroublehim.hatedoingsth不愿意做某事表示经常或习惯性行为或动作。Shehatessmokinginherroom.ask构成的短语：短语含义asksb.todosth请某人做某事asksb.nottodosth不让某人做某事asksbforsth向某人要某物askforhelp寻求帮助Houseworkisawasteoftheirtime.做家务是在浪费他们的时间。【

8、解析】awasteof浪费awasteoftime浪费时间awasteofmoney浪费金钱wastev“浪费”wastetime/moneyonsthwastetime/money(in)doingsth在做某事上花费时间/金钱Dontwastewater.Cantyouseethesign“savewater”?spend.onsth在某事上花费spend/pay/cost/take花费(l)spendfspentfspentv花费，主语是人sb.+spend+时间/钱+onsthsb.+spend+时间/钱+(in)doingsthspendon=payfor支付Hespendstoom

9、uchtimeonthecomputergames.Remembertospendsometime_with_yourlovedones,becausetheyrenotgoingtobearoundforever.Myfather_spent_onehundredthousandyuanonhisnewcar.paypaidpaidv支付，主语是人sb.+pay+钱+forsthIpay10yuanforthebook.Howmuchdidyou_pay_forthiscomputer?Fivehundreddollars.（3）COStfcostcostv花费，主语是某物或某事sthcos

10、tsb.+钱某物花费某人多少钱Anewcomputercostsmealotofmoney.Iboughtanewsweaterlastweekend.It_cost_me120yuan.（4）taketooktakenv花费Ittakes/tooksb.sometimetodosth.做某事花费某人多长时间Ittakeshim3hourstodohishomework.16.inorderto“目的是；为了”后接动词原形。inordertodosth为了做某事Heranquicklyinordernot_tobe_videsth.forsb.为某人提供某物providev提供provides

11、b.withsth.（sb前介词用for）=providesthforsb.（sth前需加介词with）供应某人某物相当于：offersb.sth.=vide为应急等做好准备而“提供；供给”providesb.withsth.=providesthforsb.提供某人某物offer侧重表示“愿意给予”offersb.sth.=offersthtosb.对某人提供某物offertodosth主动提出干某事supply定期“供应”,强调替代或补充所需物品Supplysb.withsth=supplysth.tosb.为某人提供某物TheInternetprovidesus_with_alotof_

12、information_weneed.Couldyoupleaseprovideus_with_someinformationaboutthestudentshealth?Ofcourse,itsmypleasure.Andanyway,Ithinkdoingchoresisnotsodifficult.无论如何，我认为做家务并不那么难。【解析】anyway无论如何，（一般放在句首，用逗号和句子隔开）Childrenthesedaysdependontheirparentstoomuch.现在的孩子太依赖他们的父母。【解析】dependon依靠；信赖Shallwegoforapicnictom

13、orrow?Well,itall_dependsontheweather.Doingchoreshelpstodevelopchildrensindependenceandteachesthemhowtolookafterthemselves.做杂务不仅可以培养孩子们的独立性还可以教他们如何照顾自己。【解析】developindependence培养独立意识developvdevelopmentn发展developingadj.发展的developedadj.发达的adevelopingcountry一个发展中国家adevelopedcountry一个发达国家Chinaisa_developi

14、ng_country.Asaresult,heoftenfellillandhisgradesdropped.结果，他常常生病，功课也落下了。【解析1】asaresult结果（插入语，放在句首，用逗号隔开）Dontaskhimtoolateintothenight,_Asaresult_,heisonlyasmallchild.【解析2】fallill生病fallasleep入睡二【重点短语】gooutfordinner出去吃饭2.stayoutlate在外面待到很晚3.gotothemovies去看电影4.getaride搭车5.workon从事6.finishdoingsth.完成做某事7

15、.cleanandtidy干净整洁的8.dothedishes洗餐具9.takeouttherubbish倒垃圾10.foldyour/theclothes叠衣服sweepthefloor扫地12.makeyour/thebed整理床铺13.cleanthelivngroom打扫客厅14.noproblem没问题15.welcomesb.欢迎某人comehomefromschool/work放学/下班回家17.throwdown扔下18.sitdown坐下eover过来20.takesb.forawalk带某人去散步21.allthetime直;总是22.allday/evening整曰/夜2

16、3.dohousework做家务24.shoutback大声回应25.walkaway走26.sharethehousework分担家务27.acomfortablehome舒适的家28.insurprise惊讶地getsomethingtodrink拿点喝的东西watchoneshow观看一节目31.hangout闲逛32.passsb.sth.把某物传给某人33.lendsb.sth.把某物借给某人34.getsth.wet使某物弄湿35.hatetodosth.讨厌做某事36.dochores做杂务37.helpsb.(to)do/withsth帮助某人干某事38.bringatent带

17、顶帐篷来39.buysomesnacks买些小吃40.gotothestore去商店41.invitesb.toaparty邀请某人参加聚会42.makesb.dosth.使某人做某事43.enoughstress足够的压力44.awasteoftime浪费时间45.inorderto为了46.getgoodgrades取得好成绩47.minddoingsth.介意做某事48.dependon依赖;依靠49.developchildrensindependenee发展孩子的独立性50ookafter/takecareof照顾；照看51.doonespartin（doing）sth.做某人分内的

18、事三【重点句型】Couldyoupleasecleanyourroom?你能打扫一下你的房间吗？Ihavetodosomework.我必须干些活。CouldIuseyourcomputer?我可以用一下你的电脑吗？Shewontbehappyifsheseesthismess.如果她看到这样乱七八糟的话，她会不高兴的。Foroneweek,shedidnotdoanyhouseworkandneitherdidI.整整一周，她什么家务活都不干了，我也一样。MymomcameoverassoonasIsatdowninfrontoftheTV.我一在电视机前坐下，我妈妈就过来了。Ihatetod

19、ochores.我不喜欢做杂务。练习题一、翻译下列短语。洗盘子2.倒垃圾3.叠衣服扫地5.铺床6.打扫起居室出去吃晚饭8.去看电影9.为了10.借一些钱11.搭车12.去商店13.buysomedrinksandsnacks14.invitemyfriendstoaparty15.useyourCDplayer16.stayoutlate二、词汇。A）根据所给中文完成下列句子。Throwthese（垃圾）inthebin.Idontwanttoseethefilmand（而且）Ihaventgotanymoney.I（折叠）theletterandputitintheenvelope.Ther

20、ewasaterrible（杂乱）aftertheparty.Hecantswim.（也不）canI.Couldyou(递)methesalt?She(厌恶)thesmellofsmoke.Thetelephonerang(在期间)Iwashavingashower.Itriedtofindajobinorderto(提供)clothesandfoodformyfamily.He(依靠)onyoutohelphim.B)用所给单词的适当形式填空。Couldyouplease(sweep)hefloor?Youwillfindseveralshopsinthe(neighbor).He(deve

21、lop)thelittleshopintoabigstore.Thestreetswerelitteredwith(rubbish).Couldyoumakeyourbedand(fold)yourclothes?Didyoureceive(fairness)treatment?Couldyouplease(pass)methatbook?Dontdothat.Itsa(waste)oftime.Theclimber(drop)andhurthimself.Whenyourescaredbutyoustilldoit(anyway),thatsbrave.三、单项选择。（15分）Toprote

22、cttheenvironment,supermarketsdontfreeplasticbagsforshoppers.A.takeB.showC.provideD.carryPaul,couldyoupleasetheTV?Jimissleepingnow.Sorry.Illdoitrightnow.D.turningdownA.turnupB.turningupC.turndownD.turningdownCouldyoulendmethebookyouboughtlastweek?A.Yes,hereyouareB.No,Icantlend4.Couldyoufinishthetaski

23、ntwodays?.Ihavesomethingelsetodothesedays.A.IcouldnotB.Yes,IthinksoC.ItsnotinterestingC.ImafraidsoD.AgoodideaD.ImafraidnotExcuseme,couldyouhelpmecarrytheheavybox?A.Yes,IcouldB.ItdoesntmatterC.WithpleasureD.DontmentionitCouldIyouriPad,Alice?Ofcourse.Hereyouare.A.lendB.keepC.borrowD.returnA.lendB.keep

24、C.borrowD.returnHeoftenborrowsmoneyothersbuthedoesntlendanythinganybody.A.from,fromB.to,fromC.from,toD.to,toA.from,fromB.to,fromC.from,toD.to,toCouldyoumeMarystelephonenumber?Iwanttocallher.A.togiveB.giveC.givingD.givesEverymorning,Igetupatsixoclock,andhaveaquickbreakfast.A.makebedB.makeabedC.makemy

25、bedD.makeonesbedCouldIborrowyourcar?,Ineedit.Igotoschool.A.Certainly,dontB.Sorry,havetoC.Certainly,donthavetoD.Sure,havetoCouldyouhelpmetakeittotheclassroom?.A.Yes,IcouldB.No,IcouldntC.Yes,sureD.No,Idont12.12.Whowillsendyoutotheschool,yourmomoryourdad?.Illgotherealone.A.BothB.EitherC.NeitherD.None13

26、.Youngpeoplehatechoresbecauseitsboring.A.todoB.todoingC.did14.CanIyourtextbook?Ileftmineathome.D.tobedoing14.CanIA.BothB.EitherC.NeitherD.None13.Youngpeoplehatechoresbecauseitsboring.A.todoB.todoingC.did14.CanIyourtextbook?Ileftmineathome.D.tobedoing14.CanIA.borrowB.lendC.keepD.kept15.theyliveonehousewiththeirparents,theyshouldknowthateveryoneshoulddotheirpartinkeepingitcleanandtidy.A.SinceB.ForC.InordertoD.Sothat四、完成句子。1.你能扫地吗？youpleasethefloor?如果她看到这么乱，她会不高