中考英语复习被动语态讲练

1、被动语态-、意义：语态用于说明主语和谓语的关系，它包括主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。例：We clean our classroom every day.被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。例：Our classroom is cleaned by us every day.二、构成：be+及物动词的过去分词,be必须与主语的人称、数一致。初中阶段应该掌握的被动语态的结构：. 一般现在时的被动语态：am/ is / are+过去分词彳列： We are asked to answer some questions in class.一般过去时的被动语态：was/were +过

2、去分词例： These shoes were bought two years ago.含有情态动词的被动语态：情态动词+be+过去分词（详见下页） 例J ： She may be taken to the police station.三、用法.不知道或没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者时。例：The bridge was built last year.需要强调或突出动作的承受者。例：The room hasn been cleaned yet.句子的主语不是人。例：The tiger was killed by the hunter.四、主动语态变为被动语态的方法主动句：主动句：I主动句：It

3、hese flowers every day.主语 谓语宾语被动句： These flowersare wateredevery day.主动句：Ithese flowers every day.主语 谓语宾语被动句： These flowersare wateredevery day.原宾语谓语by+原主语或主语的宾格【练】.They made this kite yesterday afternoon. .We took the sick boy to hospital at once. .She cleans all the desks every day. 注意.带双宾语动词的主动结构

4、可把直接宾语或间接宾语改为被动语态的主语。把间接宾语（指人）变为被动语态的主语，直接宾语不变。把直接宾语（指事物）变为被动语态的主语，间接宾语前应加介词to或for。加 to 的动词有：give ,bring ,pass, lend ,write , show 等。加 for 的有：buy ,choose 等。He gave me a present on my birthday.I bought a scarf for my mother on Mothers Day .带复合宾语的动词变被动语态，只把宾语变为主语，原来的宾语补足语留在原处。主动语 态中，有些动词后面用不带to的不定式作宾语

5、补足语，假设变为被动语态时，一律还原to.Our teacher told us to clean the classroom at once .She made her students do a lot of homework last Sunday.We often hear the boy play the piano in his room. T let them go into the cinema first just now.3.动词短语变为被动语态。句中谓语是动词短语时，变为被动语态要注意其完整性。(即不 可丢掉构成动词短语的介词或副词) His father can loo

6、k after him. f He can be looked after by his father.Her classmates often laugh at her. f She is often laughed at by her classmates.含有情态动词的被动语态结构一、结构：情态动词(should/can/must/may/could等)+ be+及物动词的过去分词例： Many trees should be planted on the mountains. Tables can be made of stone.二、句式转换：含有情态动词的被动语态变为否认句时，应在

7、情态动词后面加not；变为一 般疑问句时，应将情态动词移到句首。.肯定句式：主语+情态动词+be+及物动词的过去分词+其他.例： The children should be allowed to go to the movies with friends on Friday nights.否认句式：主语+情态动词+not+be+及物动词的过去分词+其他.例： Waste paper should not be thrown here.一般疑问句式：情态动词+主语+be+及物动词的过去分词+其他？例：Should it be done by Li Ming? Yes, it should. /

8、 No, it shouldnt.三、含有情态动词的被动句与主动句之间的转换主动句： You should hand in your homework on time.主语 谓语宾语被动句： Your homework should be handed in by youon time.原宾语谓语by+原主语或主语的宾格语法专练:She often by her classmates.A. laughedB. laughed atC. laughingD. been laughedAfter the room，well go on a holiday.A. paintB. paintsC. w

9、ill paintD. is paintedHave all the students known that our class will visit the Great Wall tomorrow?-Yes. Every student about it.A. tellsB. toldC. was toldD. has toldA. tellsB. toldC. was toldD. has toldwasnt at home yesterday. I t help with Tommys party.A. askedB. was askedC. was asking D. had aske

10、dMADE IN CHINA can on many things even in England.A. been seen B. seeC. seesD. sawOld people should politely.A. be spoken B. speakC. be spoken toD. speaksHave you heard of the earthquake?Yes, I watched it on TV. Millions of people in it.A. were killed B. killedC. killD. were killing8.1 was surprised

11、 to hear that the colour TV set him 8000 yuan.A. has cost B. costC. costedD. was costlike this sweater because it so soft and warm.A. has cost B. costC. costedD. was costA. is feeling B. feelsC. has feltD. is felt. The children should not to break the traffic rules.A. be told B. toldC. tellD. tellin

12、g. The young trees well if they.A. wont grow, dont take good careB. dont grow, are taken good care ofC. dont grow, dont take good care ofD. wont grow, arent taken good care of.Knives(use) for cutting things.Tom,s shirt(make) of silk.They(send) us some books every year.15.1(wake) up by my mother ever

13、y morning.16.She often(stay) with her parents at weekends.lO.His diaries(write) in English.Please tell him(not speak) so quietly.This bottle is full. It(fill) with oil.1 will go back as soon as I(finish) it tomorrow.Which language the most widely(use) in the world now?.A new road(build)last year.How long she(be) in China?.The radio says there(be ) a strong wind tomorrow.1 wonder where and when(meet) tomorrow morning.Are you able(climb) so high?.This(invent) has had 200(invent) so