人教高中英语必修4Unit2Grammar(共24张)课件

1、The ing form as the Subject and ObjectLearning about LanguageGrammarThe ing form as the Subject aHave you ever seen these signs?parking, spitting, littering, smoking-ing formsHave you ever seen these signs1. 动词-ing形式的构成: 是在动词末尾加-ing 形式构成, 因此又叫动词的 -ing 形式。如: do-doing, be-being, ask-asking, etc.否定形式:

2、not+ -ing 构成2. 动词-ing形式不能单独作谓语, 没有人称和数的变化, 但可以有自己的宾语和状语, 还有时态和语态的变化。3. 动词-ing形式由动词加-ing变化而成, 它同时具有名词和动词的特征, 在句中可以作主语、宾语等。1. 动词-ing形式的构成: 是在动词末尾加-ing 一、动词-ing形式作主语 表示经常的、习惯性的动作或状态, 谓语动词通常用单数。如： Walking is a good form of exercise for both young and old. 无论对年轻人和老年人来讲, 走路是一种很好的锻炼。Watching news on TV has

3、 become a routine for me. 在电视上看新闻已经成了我的一种日常习惯。一、动词-ing形式作主语 Going to Hangzhou by train takes about 16 hours. 乘火车去杭州要16个小时。Asking a womans age is impolite in our country. 在我们国家问一个女人的年龄是不礼貌的。 Going to Hangzhou by train tak2. -ing形式作主语时常后置, 此时须用it作形式主语, 用形容词或名词作表语。常见的名词或名词短语有: no use, no good, fun, har

4、d work, a hard / difficult job, a waste of time 等; 形容词有: dangerous, worthwhile, useless等。如: Its no use making an excuse for this. 为这件事找借口是没有用的。2. -ing形式作主语时常后置, 此时须用itIts a waste of time talking about such a useless thing. 谈论这样无用的事情简直是浪费时间。Its dangerous swimming in the sea on windy days.有风的天气在海里游泳是危

5、险的。It is worthwhile discussing the question.这个问题值得讨论。Its a waste of time talking a3. 在there be 结构中作主语, 这种结构的意思相当于“It is impossible to do ”。如：若要人不知, 除非己莫为。There is no hiding of evil but not to do it这种事开不得玩笑。 Here is no joking about such matter.无法知道他什么时候离开There was no knowing when he would leave. 3. 在

6、there be 结构中作主语, 这种结构的意思动名词与不定式做主语时的比较：动名词表示的动作通常是一个泛指的动作, 不定式则通常表示具体的动作。如：还是个孩子的时侯, 她就觉得探视病人是一种责任, 也是一种愉悦。As a child, she felt that visiting sick people was a duty and a pleasure到美国人家里做客对我来说将是一个极好的经历。Being a guest in an American home will be a good experience for me.动名词与不定式做主语时的比较：他说: “继续这样下去是无用的。”

7、 He said, “To go on like this is useless.”我很荣幸被邀请参加这个晚会。 Its an honor for me to be invited to the party.人教高中英语必修4Unit2Grammar(共24张PPT)归纳: 常用-ing形式作主语的句型有：It +be +a waste of time doing 做是浪费时间的It is/was no good/use doing 做是没用处的It is/was hardly/scarcely worth doing 做不值得It is/was worth/worthwhile doing

8、做是值得的There is no doing. 无法; 不允许归纳: 常用-ing形式作主语的句型有：There is no sense in doing 做没有道理There is/was no use doing 干无意义 There is/was nothing worse than doing 没有比更糟的There is/was no point doing 干无意义我们不知道要去哪儿。做这件傻事毫无意义。 There was no knowing where we would go. There is no point doing such a silly thing.There

9、is no sense in doing 做注意: There is no need to do sth 干没必要, 在此句式中to do 不可换为doing.没有必要告诉她。提示: 当动名词用作主语时, 其逻辑主语由形容词性物主代词和名词所有格构成。我姐姐病了, 使我很担心。你正确未必就意味着我错了。 There is no need to tell her. My sisters being ill made me worried.Your being right doesnt necessarily mean my being wrong. 注意: There is no need to

10、 do sth二、动名词用作宾语 动名词作宾语有两种情况。1. 只能后接动名词作宾语的动词, 常见的有avoid, consider, enjoy, keep, finish, suggest, dislike, delay, escape, cannot help, imagine, mind, miss, practise, cannot stand等。如：我不能不去。你是否考虑过找一位挚友? I cant avoid goingHave you considered looking for one special friend?二、动名词用作宾语I cant avoid goingH我们

11、必须设法避免犯同样的错误。 晚饭后你想和我一起散步吗?人们忍不住嘲笑那个愚蠢的人。这类动词还有: excuse, fancy, give up, put off, risk, insist on, look forward, feel like等。We must try to avoid repeating the same mistakeDo you feel like having a walk with me after supper? People couldnt help laughing foolish man我们必须设法避免犯同样的错误。 We must try to2. 既可接

12、动名词又可接不定式作宾语的动词, 常见的有: begin, start, continue, like, love, prefer, by, mean, forget，remember, hate等。A. 在 like, love, hate, prefer等动词之后，用-ing或不定式意义上没有什么不同, 只是侧重点有些不同, 动名词表示泛指的动作, 不定式表示具体的一次性动作。B. 在 begin/start, continue之后, 用动名词和不定式, 意义无甚区别, 尤其是当主语是人的时候。 2. 既可接动名词又可接不定式作宾语的动词, C. 在动词forget, remember,

13、regret之后, 用动名词与不定式意义不同。动名词表示动作先于谓语发生,不定式表示后于谓语动作, 如：我记得我已把信寄了。我会记着去寄信的。我永远不会忘记见到过那位著名作家。 I remember posting the letterIll remember to post the letterI shall never forget seeing the famous writerC. 在动词forget, remember, regret不要忘了给你母亲写信。 我真后悔没赶上那次报告会。我遗憾地告诉你我不能接受你的建议。 Dont forget to write to your moth

14、erI regret missing the reportI regret to say I cant take your advice不要忘了给你母亲写信。 Dont forget toD. 在try, mean 之后, 意义各不相同, 如 try to do (设法), try doing (试试), mean to do (打算, 有意要做), mean doing (意思是, 意味着)。如: 我们必须设法及时把一切搞好。 我们用别的方法做这工作试试。 我并不想叫你生气。你的计划意味着要花费几个小时。 We must try to get everything done in timeL

15、ets try doing the working in some other wayI didnt mean to make you angryYour plan would mean spending hoursD. 在try, mean 之后, 意义各不相同, 如 trE. go on doing 和go on to dogo on doing 继续做一直在做的事; go on to do 接着做另一件事。如：请接着做这同一个练习。请做另外一个练习。F. stop doing 与 stop to do: Stop doing 停止做，stop to do停下正在干的事去干另一件事。如:我

16、们停止了交谈。我们停了下来去谈话。Please go on doing the same exercisePlease go on to do the other exerciseWe stopped talkingWe stopped to talkE. go on doing 和go on to doPlego on doing 继续做原来做的事go on to do 接着做另一件事 mean doing 意味着要做某事mean to do 想要做某事 stop doing 停止做某事stop to do 停下来(别的事)开始 做某事go on doing 继续做原来做的事mean doi

17、ntry doing 试着做某事try to do 努力做某事be used to doing 习惯于做某事 be used to do 被用来做某事cant help doing 禁不住做某事cant help to do 不能帮助做某事try doing 试着做某事be used to do3. 作介词宾语动名词可与介词一起构成介词短语。A. 介词+动名词, 如：我们得想些法子改变人们的习惯。我向你道歉, 刚才对你那样生气。离开几年之后再回到你的家乡, 感觉有点怪。Weve got to think of ways of changing peoples habits. I apologize for being so angry with you.After being away for several years, it is a strange experience to return to the hometown.3. 作介词宾语Weve got to think of B. 动词+介词+动名词, 如：我坚持为这次出行带足需要的食物。 同学们脸上没有笑容, 相反都做了怪脸。她对为我们公司工作很感兴趣。下列短语中的to都是介词, 所以后面跟