【高中英语公开课】英语阅读理解精华课件(共3个)

1、阅读技能训练 猜测词义How to guess the meaning of words?Luley阅读技能训练LuleyGuessing gameGuessing gamePenguin pngwn The penguin is a kind of animalThe penguin is a kind of sea birdThe penguin is a kind of sea bird living in the South Pole (南极).It is fat and walks in funny wayPenguin pngwn The pengu Most kinds of c

2、rabs live in the water.crab krb It is a kind of animal.It has a hard shell .It has eight legs.It is very delicious after being cooked. Most kinds of crabs live in If you meet new words while working on test papers, what will you do ? Guess the meaningHow ?If you meet new words while wo1. I will not

3、make friends with a dishonest person.2. When the little boy finished, his father was speechless.3. If some athletes use drugs, it is unfair to the others.1 根据构词法猜词 首先要熟悉基本的构词法及其规律, 其次要掌握一定的词根和词缀。如:un-,im-, mis-, -less, -ness等。小结dis+honestspeech+lessun+fair1. I will not make friends wit1. It will be

4、very hard but also very brittle that is , it will break easily. 2. The purpose of the campaign was to catch “ringers”, students who take tests for other students. 3. A calendar is a list of the days, weeks, months of a particular year.2 根据释义猜词 释义常由定语从句或由is, or, that is (to say), in other words, be c

5、alled，be known as等词汇或破折号来表示。 小结易碎的冒名替考者日历britl1. It will be very hard but al小试身手祝功成你!1. Finally the enemy surrendered srend . They threw down their guns and walked out of the home with their hands over their heads. 2.The herdsman, h:dzmn who looks after sheep, earns about 650 yuan a year.小试身手祝功成你! 3

6、 根据同义词关系猜词 Like clever David, Richard may be intelligent.2. Your ideas are so nebulous that they are not clear to me. 小结 and , or , like, sothat常连接同义词组 。聪明的 不清楚的 3 根据同义词关系猜词 Like clever DavidHave a try!祝功成你!1. Although people in many countries consider raw meat delicious, we Chinese people seldom ea

7、t any meat that is uncooked.2. Children often try to emulate, or copy the behavior that they see on television.Have a try!祝功成你! 4 根据对比和转折关系表转折关系的词常有but, while, however, instead of , rather than , unlike, yet, though , tooto等。小结热的勤奋的1. Although the early morning had been very cold, the noonday sun wa

8、s tropical trpikl . 2. Tom is lazy, but his brother industrious. indstris 4 根据对比和转折关系表转折关系的词常有but, wh1. John usually wastes a lot of money on such useless things, however, his wife is very thrifty.2. His shirt was clean, but his shoes were grubby.小试身手祝功成你!1. John usually wastes a lot 1.The clock is

9、so accurate that it will never lose a second in more than 200 million years. 2. All his attempts to unlock the door was futile, because she was using the wrong key.徒劳的，无效的5 根据因果关系猜词精确的小结常用关联词如: because，as，since，for，so，as a result, so, so that, such that 等表示前因后果。 1.The clock is so accurate tha 6 根据生活

10、常识或经验 1. In the old days, when girls from rich families were married to their husbands, they expected to bring with themselves plenty of dowry. 2. But sometimes, no rain falls for a long, long time. Then there will be a drought.3. The snake slithered through the grass.嫁妆旱灾爬行, 滑行 6 根据生活常识或经验 1. In th

11、e old d 1.The shop sells stationery steinri , such as pens, pencils, paper, envelopes, and so on.文具 2. we took the provision pruvin with us to camp , for example，there were meat, bread, milk, sugar and fruit.小结7 根据举例猜词食品such as， for example for instance 1.The shop sells stationery小试身手祝功成你! 1. When a

12、 farmer keeps livestock laivstk , such as cows, sheep, pigs or goats, he must give them grain,vegetables ,grasses, etc 2.Today young couples often spend lots of their money on appliances plans, for example, washing machines, fridges and color televisions.小试身手祝功成你!Practice makes perfectPractice makes

13、 perfect1. She asked the hairdresser to trim her hair because it was too long. 2. Mark Twain was not the authors real name; it was a pseudonym.3. She did not hear what you said because she was completely engrossed in her reading.4. He is one of the most loquacious men I know, his brother, however, d

14、oes not talk much.修剪笔名, 化名全神贯注的多话的；唠叨的1. She asked the hairdresser t5. Those new comers were not used to the life in the suburbs which was so different from that inside the city. 6. A stunt person is a man or woman who does all the dangerous bits of acting work in films or on TV.7. The official aske

15、d the man what his occupation was. The man told him that he worked as an engineer. 8. Doctors believe that smoking cigarettes is detrimental to your health. 郊区, 城外特技演员工作, 职业有害的5. Those new comers were not uCompetitionCompetition Wang Zhizhi said, “I realized I had made a big mistake. I want to say s

16、orry to my fans and to the Bayi Team(八一队) which trained me and gave me the chance to play in the NBA. I was too young to make the right decision. I hope I could make up my fault this time and win back my place in the national team. A. 表现出色 B. 弥补过失 C. 珍惜机会 D. 得到谅解2 points Wang Zhizhi said, “I rea You

17、 may be able to get social assistance under the OW program. This kind of assistance is short-term help for your day-to-day needs. It helps pay for things like food, clothing and medicine.What does the underlined word “assistance” mean in Paragraph 1? A. help B. money C. education D. advice5 points Y

18、ou may be able to get soThe Venus flytrap is a very strange plant. Its leaves can open and close very quickly. Inside the leaves, there are three small hairs. If a fly touches one of the hairs, the leaf closes quickly. The fly cannot get out. In about half an hour, the leaf presses the fly until it

19、is dead. A. 挤压 B. 关上 C. 打开 D. 松开3 pointsThe Venus flytrap is a very st The life of an ant is usually 45-60 daysGrownup ants cannot eat hard food. Instead they have the juice that they get from pieces of food. An ant has two eyes. Each eye is made up of many smaller eyes. They are called compound eye

20、s. A. 明亮的 B. 柔弱的 C. 模糊的 D. 复合的Exchange your scores with one of the other groups as you like. The life of an ant is us Some people read very rapidly, while others read very slowly. Someone who reads everything very quickly, may say,“I am a rapid reader. I can read a whole book in one evening.”What do

21、es the underlined word “rapidly” mean in the second paragraph? A: Early B: Carefully C: Quickly D: Clearly1 points Some people read very rapid Small ,simple buildings are not always designed by architects. But larger, more complex ones nearly always are. The underlined word “complex” means _. A: lar

22、ge B: beautiful C: not simple D: not modern3 points Small ,simple buildings are Nowadays more and more people care about the exploitation(开采) of the natural resources, such as oil, coal and so on. A. 商品 B.现象 C. 资源 D.污染4 points Nowadays more and more peop About 25% of Englands total consumption (消耗）

23、of energy is domestic it is used only in the home. What does the word “domestic” mean in Paragraph Two? A: Producing energy B: Fast driving C: On the road D: For family use4 points4 pointsSummary生活常识对比转折因果关系同义词构词法定义上下文举例Guess the meaning of wordsSummary生活对比因果构词法定义上下文举例Guess t 1. Go over what we lear

24、ned today. 2. Finish additional exercises.Homework 1. Go over what we learned to词义猜测型解题技巧阅读理解峨山一中 蔡立Guessing-word skills词义猜测型解题技巧阅读理解峨山一中 蔡立Guessin阅读理解命题特点：主旨大意题观点态度题推理判断题词义猜测题事实细节题阅读理解命题特点：主旨大意题推理判断题词义猜测题事实细节1. We can learn from the underlined part that (06辽宁)2. The underlined word ”it” in paragrap

25、h refers to (2011 湖南、福建等)3. By saying, the author means to say that ( 2011 浙江)4. The underlined sentence in paragraph implies/ refers to/ means (2011江西、天津等) 常见的猜测词义题设问方式Guessing-word skills1. We can learn from the underThe word “address” in the second line probably means “_”. The underlined word “sp

26、in-off” in Paragraph 4 probably refers to _. The underlined word “it” in the second paragraph refers to “_”.By “we were all beside ourselves”, the writer means that they all_. 猜测词义题目类型Guessing-word skills对考纲内熟词新义的猜测对代词的猜测对句义的猜测对考纲外生词的猜测The word “address” in the seco例句：His latest invention turned out

27、 to be a real cash cow. He earned lots of money now.注释：“cash cow”意思是“摇钱树；能持续收益的产品或投资”。Guessing-word skillscash cowLets guess例句：注释：Guessing-word cash cowLebanana skin例句：The mayor made a common mistake which is a right banana skin. Guessing-word skills注释：“banana skin”除了字面意思的“香蕉皮”，还指“某人（尤指政府官员）在公众场合犯的尴

28、尬错误”，就像当众脚踩到香蕉皮，一不下心就滑倒，你说尴尬不尴尬？banana skin例句：Guessing-word 注释Bean counter 注释：“bean counter”意思是“善于计算的人；只对金钱感兴趣的人”。一般人很难把一堆豆子的数目点算清楚，如果形容一个人是“bean counter”，通常含贬义，说明这个人喜欢把时间花在鸡毛蒜皮的事情上面，并且乐此不疲。例句：My wife is really a bean counter. She always knows how much I spent on cigarettes.Guessing-word skillsBean

29、counter 注释：“bean counter”Guessing-word skillsQ2.If you meet the new words when reading, what will you do ?Q1.Do you think guessing new words is difficult?Tow questions?Guessing-word Q2.If you meet tStrategy I: Guessing-word skillsUseful strategies 猜词技巧1. Birds fly with their wings, and they pick up

30、their foods, and then eat them with their beaks and they use their claws for tearing, seizing, pulling or holding objects. “beak” here means _.a birds mouthCommon sense 常识2. Most of the roses are beginning to wither because of the cold. “wither” refers to _.dry up and dieStrategy I: Guessing-word Us

31、ef(2011陕西)“The promise was that you could use less chemicals and boost production. But neither is true.” said Bill Christison. What does the underlined word “boost” probably mean?A. control B. evaluate C. obtain D. increase真题演练：Guessing-word skills(2011陕西)“The promise was that Guessing-word skillsLa

32、nguage context & Logical Connection1.根据上下文/语境解释作出判断 2.利用逻辑关系进行判断Strategy II: Guessing-word Language context（一）根据上下文/语境解释做出判断：其方法主要有：Guessing-word skills1根据文中的定义、解释猜生词 。例如： Barometers are used to measure the pressure of the air in order to help judge probable changes in the weather or to help calcula

33、te(计算) the height above sea level. 2利用事例或解释猜生词 。例如： The doctor is studying glaucoma and other diseases of the eye 3利用重复解释的信息猜生词 。例如： Mr. Smith always arrives home punctually，neither early nor late气压表按时地，准时地a kind of disease of the eye 青光眼（一）根据上下文/语境解释做出判断：其方法主要有：GuessGuessing-word skills4根据同位关系进行判断：

34、阅读中出现一些难词，有时后面就是一个同位语，对前面的词进行解释，这种解释有时也用连词“or”连接。此外，也可根据定语从句来进行判断。a），and other Germanic and Nordic peoples，who spoke what we now call Anglo-Saxon（or Old English），a Germanic language b） The Chunnel，a tunnel（隧道）connecting England and France，is now complete小结：某些生词的词义往往会在下文中得到解释或说明这些解释有时以定义定语从句同位语的形式出现;

35、有时用破折号括号冒号引号等符号引出;有时还用that is, that is to say, in other words, or等词语引出 Guessing-word 4根据同位关系进行判断：小结：Guessing-word skills1. Archaeology is the study of the buried remains（残骸） of ancient times, such as houses, pots, tools and weapons.2. The herdsman, who looks after sheep, earns about 650 yuan a year.

36、3. On the farm they mainly raise poultry, such as chickens, ducks and geese, for their eggs and meat.考古学小试身手家禽牧羊人Guessing-word 1. Archaeology iGuessing-word skills（二）Logical Connection 根据逻辑关系进行判断Mary didnt notice me when I came into the classroom, because she was completely engrossed in his reading.

37、 常见的表示因果关系的信号词有:since, because, for, so, thus, consequently, therefore, due to, result in, as a result, for this reason, accordinglyTom is considered an autocratic administrator because he makes decisions without seeking the opinions of others. v. 全神贯注adj. 独断专行的（根据因果关系）Guessing-word （二）Logical Conne

38、Guessing-word skillsAndrew is one of the most supercilious men I know. His brother，however，is quite humble and modest. 常见表示转折，对比关系的信号词：but, yet, however, while, whereas(但是, 而), otherwise, in spite of, despite, even though, although, though, instead(of), on the other hand, by/in contrast, rather than

39、, on the contrary 目空一切 的，傲慢的 （根据转折对比关系）Mrs. Smith is loquacious while her husband is the silent type. 多嘴多舌的 Guessing-word Andrew is one ofGuessing-word skills真题演练 The homeless people may have become jobless and then been unable to pay their rent and so no longer have a roof over their heads. In para

40、graph 2, “ a roof over their heads” most probably means _.A. a cap B. a car C. a home D. a coveringA good boss can recognize instantly the adept workers from the unskilled ones.The underlined word “adept” means _.A. encouraged B. comparedC. curious D. skillful根据因果关系 根据转折关系Guessing-word 真题演练 The home

41、leGuessing-word skillsStrategy III: Word-formation（复合法，转化法，派生法）1. (05重庆卷) Its true that lighthouse were built in out-of-the-way place.2. When men and women lived by hunting 50,000 years ago, how could they even begin to picture modern life?3. When he reached the place with his army, he found an impa

42、ssable river in front of him.（合成形容词）（词性变化）（词的派生）Guessing-word Strategy III: WoGuessing-word skills常见的前后缀: 在之间超易于的极小的反对后微小一同，一起之前 super- inter- mini- micro- -some anti- co- post- pre- Guessing-word 常见的前后缀: 在之间 suGuessing-word skillsnonjudgmentaladj.没有判断力的判断 n.判断 v.judgejudgmentjudgmentalGuessing-word

43、 nonjudgmentaladjGuessing-word skillsExercise 1.Sociology is the term used to describe the scientific study of human society. 2. His uncle is a zoologist, an expert who does research on animals. 3. Jane is indecisive, that is, she cant make up her mind. 猜词技巧：构词法及前面所提到的定义释义法- 通过定义,定语从句,词组,同位语从句来体现. （

44、动物学家） （没有决定能力的）（社会学） Guessing-word Exercise 1.SociGuessing-word skillsConclusion How to guess the meaning of words?常识重复信息对比转折构词法定义、同位、标点符号举例归纳因果关系Guessing-word Conclusion How tGuessing-word skillsExercise Everyone agreed that the woman in the photo was gorgeousIt was easy to see why she had won the

45、beauty contest “gorgeous” means “_.” Those new comers were not used to the life in the suburbs which was so different from that inside the city. A. town B. capital C. countryside D. houseThe old woman has a strange habit to keep over 100 cats in her house. Her neighbor all call her an eccentric lady

46、. A. 爱猫的 B. 古怪的 C. 闲不住 D. 动物保护主义者美丽动人的 Guessing-word Exercise EveryonGuessing-word skillsExercise (北京卷) It now takes years for scientists to collect all the data they need to describe and analyze species. The creators of the Encyclopedia of Life hope that their new tool will speed up that process. I

47、n the last paragraph, “that process” means_. A. analyzing species B. creating a new tool C. collecting data D. describing speciesAlthough he often had the chance, Mr. Brown was never able to steal money from a customer. This would endangered his position at the bank, and he did not want to jeopardiz

48、e his future. The word “jeopardize” means _ in this text. A. protect B. endanger C. continue D. stopGuessing-word Exercise (北京卷) IGuessing-word skills1. 认真复习今天所学的内容2. 完成增分卷最后两张Homework: Guessing-word 1. 认真复习今天所学的内容HTHANKS FOR COMINGTHANKS FOR COMING阅读理解Guessing meanings阅读理解Guessing meanings 根据上下文猜测生

49、词的含义是考生必须掌握的一项重要阅读技能, 因此, 词义猜测题是高考阅读理解的必考题型。这类题包括猜测单词、短语、句子的意思和判断指代内容。 词义猜测题 根据上下文猜测生词的含义是考生必须掌握的一项高考考点分布：考纲要求考题落实情况20142013201220112010200920081理解主旨和要义13211122理解文中具体信息49131371063根据上下文推断生词的词义12111114作出判断和推理145244245理解文章的基本结构00000006理解作者的意图、观点和态度01212122007 372201高考考点分布：考题落实情况20142013201220112如何根据上下文

50、判断词语的涵义这种题型常见的设题方式有： 1）The underlined word（phrase）in the passage means _ 2）The word it（them）in the first paragraph refers to _ 3）The underlined sentence in the last paragraph means _4）Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined word in the second paragraph？分析题干能力如何根据上下文判断词语的涵义这种题型

51、常见的设题方式有： 分析unconditional:无条件的,绝对的 adj.condition conditional 情况，条件 n. 有条件的 adj.unconditional:Group1 unconditional:无条件的,condition cnonjudgmental:没有判断力的judge judgment judgmental判断 v.判断 n.adj.nonjudgmental:nonjudgmental:没有判断力的judge judg归纳1： 根据构词法（合成、派生、转化）进行判断英语中，有很多词可以在前面加前缀，后面加后缀，从而构成一个词，乍看起来，这个词可能是生

52、词，但掌握了一定的构词法知识，就不难猜出它的词义。 归纳1： 根据构词法（合成、派生、转化）进行判断superman microwave(超人)nonnatural mispronounce(非自然的) homeless nonsmoker(无家可归的) rebuild eastwards(重建) Can you guess the right meanings?(微波)(非烟民)(发错音)(向东)superman microwaGroup2 1.It will be very hard but also very brittle that is , it will break easily2

53、.The purpose of the campaign was to catch “ringers”,students who take tests for other students. 脆的冒名替考者Group2 1.It will be very har3. Anthropology is the scientific study of man. Anthropology means _. 4. The modern age of medicine began with the stethoscope, an instrument for listening to patients h

54、eartbeat and breathing. 人类学 听诊器 人类学 听诊器规则2：根据上下文解释做出判断：1根据文中的定义、解释猜生词： 2根据同位或解释关系：3.根据并列同类关系:猜词能力逻辑词：be, be called, means, be defined as, that is（to say）,namely, in other words, ect 通过生词后的定语(定语从句或分词短语等)、表语、同位语、逗号、括号、破折号等的解释说明来推测其意思。and, or，not only but also 等并列的几个事物应属同类事物, 由此可推测其中一个的大概意思。规则2：根据上下文解释

55、做出判断：猜词能力逻辑词：be, be1.(广东2014D) However, ocean expert Curtis Ebbesmeyer does it in a special way - by studying movements of random floating garbage. A scientist with many years experience, he started this type of research in the early 1990s when he heard about hundreds of athletic shoes washing up on

56、 the shores of the northwest coast of the United States. There were so many shoes that people were setting up swap meets to try and match left and right shoes to sell or wear.1.(广东2014D) However, ocean exp The underlined phrase swap meets in Paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to _.A. fitting roomsB.

57、trading fairsC. business talksD. group meetings The underlined phrase swap me2.(广东2008A) Parents and kids today dress alike, listen to the same music, and are friends. Is this a good thing? Sometimes, when Mr. Ballmer and his 16-year-old daughter, Elizabeth, listen to rock music together and talk ab

58、out interests both enjoy, such as pop culture, he remembers his more distant relationship with his parents when he was a teenager. “I would never have said to my mom, Hey, the new Weezer album is really great. How do you like it?” says Ballmer. “There was just a complete gap in taste.” Music was not

59、 the only gulf. From clothing and hairstyles to activities and expectations, earlier generations of parents and children often appeared to move in separate orbits.2.(广东2008A) Parents and kids t The underlined word gulf in Para.3 most probably means _.A. interestB. distanceC. differenceD. separation

60、The underlined word gulf in P3.(广东07A) However, men quickly found more convenient and reliable ways of telling the time. They learned to use the shadows cast by the sun. They marked the hours on candles, used sand in hour- glasses, and invented water-clocks. Indeed, any serious student of antique sh