新视野英语教程读写教程B1-U1

1、Page 1 of 13Page Page PAGE 13 of 13LEADINGINTOPICGoing to CollegeEntering college for the first time is an exciting moment in your life. Think about why you decided to go to college. You may have several reasons. But, whatever the reasons, use your time wisely to work hard，enjoy meeting new people a

2、nd prepare you for a bright future.EXPLORINGNow you are a college student, happy and proud! Sure, in college youll have more time to yourself! And sure, youll have to decide how to spend your own time and how to make the most of it. Now please discuss the following questions with yourpartner.yourpur

3、poseofgoingtocollege?What does going to college mean to you?SECTION AHow to Be Cool at CollegeLanguagePointseducationUthe process by which a persons mind and character are developed through teaching, especially throughformal instruction at school or college（尤指正规的）教育；培养例 higher education 高等教育例 She ha

4、s had a good education. 她受过良好的教育。businessUones responsibility or concern 职责；关心的事；任务例A businessis to learn. 学生的本分是学习。例none of your business 与你无关例 Mind your own business. 不要多管闲事。Uthe activity of buying and selling goods and services; commerce 商业；交易；生意例 She wants to go into businesswhen she leaves coll

5、ege. 她大学毕业后想经商。例 Im here on business.（= for work not for pleasure） 我是来谈生意的/办事的/出差的。例Businessis business. 公事就是公事（公事公办。extentn. (singular)a stated degree 程度；限度例 to some / a certain / a large extent 在某种/相当/很大程度上whateverdet. &pron.any(thing) at all that 任何；什么 都例 They eat whatever(food) they can find. 他们

6、找到什么（吃的）就吃什么。例 Do whateveryou like. 干你喜欢干的。no matter what; without considering what 无论什么；不管什么例 Whateverhappens, keep trying. 无论发生什么，别放弃。例 Whateveryour reason, I shall hold to my idea. 无论你的理由是什么,我都要坚持我的看法。any(elselikethat 什么的例This is true of a doctora teachera workeror whatever. 例Use telephonelettere

7、mailor whateverto communicate. 通过电话、信、邮件或其他类似的方式交流。5careern.a job or profession for which one is trained and which one intends to follow for part or the wholeofoneslife 职业；一生的事业例 He has chosen teaching as his life career. 他选择教书作为终生的职业。例 He is very career-minded. 他有很强的职业进取心。(a part of) the general co

8、urse of a persons working life 生涯；履历例 His careeris at its peak now. 他现在正处于事业的顶峰。例political career 政治生涯goaln.Cones aim or purpose; a position or object one wishes to reach or obtain 目标；目的例 The major goalof language use is communication. 使用语言的主要目的是交流。例 To reach his goalto be a teacher, he began to tea

9、ch himself. 为了达到成为一名教师的目标，他开始自学。C(in games such as football and hockey) the area, usually between two goalposts, where the ball,puck,etc.mustgoforapointtobegained （足球、曲棍球的）球门例 He kicked the ball into the goal. 他把球踢进了球门。例 Who is in goalfor Real Madrid? 谁是皇家马德里队的守门员？Cthe point gained when the ball is

10、kicked or hit into the goal 进球得分例score a goal 射门得分例 an own goal 乌龙球plete an educational course 毕业例 When did you graduate? 你什么时候毕业的？例 You will graduateafter this term. 这学期结束后你就要毕业了。n.(1). Ca person who has completed a university degree course, especially for a first degree （已获得学位的）大学毕业生例 a law gradua

11、te 法律（系）毕业生例 a graduatein maths 数学（系）毕业生(2). Cpostgraduate 研究生例 graduateschool 研究生院例 agraduatestudent 研究生subjectCa branch of knowledge studied, especially in a system of education 学科；科目例 English was never my best subject. 英语从来都不是我擅长的学科。例 History is a subjectthat she likes best. 历史是她最喜欢的学科。Cthe thing

12、 that is dealt with or represented in a piece of writing, work of art, etc. 例 The subjectof her book is sailing. 她那本书的主题是航海。例 I read a book on a new subject. 我读了一本书，讲的是一个新的主题。C(in grammar) a noun, noun phrase, or pronoun that usually comes before a main verb and representsthepersonorthingthatperform

13、stheactionoftheverboraboutwhichsomethingis stated （文法中的）主语；主词例 What is the subjectof the sentence He is a student? 句子He is a student.中什么是主语？例 He is the subject of the sentence. “He”是该句的主语。opportunityn.C; Ua favourable moment or occasion (for doing something) 机会；时机例 a good opportunity 好机会例 May I take

14、 this opportunityto thank everyone for his hard work? 请允许我借此机会感谢每一位辛勤工作的人。debtn.Csomething owed to someone else 债；债务例 a debtof $10 十美元的债务例 to pay ones debts 还（某人的）债Uthe state of owing; the duty of repaying something 负债的情况；还债的义务例a young man who is always in debt 总是负债的年轻人例out of debt 还清债务coursen.(1).

15、Ca set of lessons or studies 课程例a four-year history course4 年的历史课程例AllstudentsarerequiredtotakeanEnglishcourse. 所有的学生都必须上英文课。(2).Cacontinuousmovementfromonepointtoanotherinspaceortime过程；进程例inthe courseof 在 期间，在 过程中例 The enemy should be defeated in the courseof the year. 敌人在本年内会被打败。(3). Cany of the d

16、ifferent parts of a meal 一道菜例Wehaveathree-coursedinnerchickensouproastbeefandapplepie. 3道菜：鸡汤、烤牛肉和苹果派。certificaten. Ca document (= official paper) giving a statement made by an official person that a fact or facts are true 证明；证书；文凭例 a birth/marriage/death certificate 出生/结婚/死亡证明书例 a doctors certifica

17、te 博士文凭reasonn.(1). C; Uthe cause of an event or situation; a fact, event or statement that provides an explanation or excuse for something 原因；理由；借口例 She just suddenly left without giving any reason. 她突然离开，没有说任何理由。例The reasonfor the flood was all that heavy rain. 这次洪水都是由那场大雨引起的。例 He escaped the puni

18、shment, by reasonof his youth. 他因为年轻而免于受罚。Uthe ability to think, understand, and form opinions or judgments that are based on facts 理性；判断力例 People are different from animals because they possess the power of reason. 人不同于一般动物，因为他们有理性。Ua healthy mind that is not mad 理智例 lose/regain ones reason 失去（恢复）理

19、智useonesreason 推理；思考例theabilityto reason 思考能力例 She can reasonvery clearly. 她能很清晰地思考问题。(2). persuade (someone) to do/not to do 说服；劝告例 Try to reasonhim out of that idea. 尽量说服他别打那个主意。例 Try to reasonhim into going with her. 尽力劝说他和她一道走。likelyadj. that can be reasonably expected; probable 看来要发生的，可能的例a lik

20、elywinner 可能的获胜者例 He is likelyto arrive a bit late. 他可能会晚到一会儿。例Its likelythat they will lose in the match. 他们可能会在比赛中失败。bably 可能例 Theyll very likelycome by train. 他们很可能乘火车来。例 We will most likelygo to a bar. 我们很可能去酒吧。cheatvi. behave in a dishonest or deceitful way in order to win an advantage, especia

21、lly in a game (尤指在游戏中) 欺骗；作弊例 He always cheatsat cards. 他玩纸牌时总是作弊。例Dontcheatinexams. 考试时不要作弊。n.a person who cheats; a dishonest person 骗子例 Cheatswill be disqualified. 有欺骗行为的人将被取消资格。例 I saw you drop that card, you cheat! 我看见你弄掉那张牌了，你这个滑头！understandingn.(1)Uknowledge of the nature of something, based

22、especially on learning or experience 了解;理解例 foreign visitors with little understandingof Chinese 不太懂中文的外国游客例 I have a little understandingof computers. 我对计算机知之甚少。(2). Uability to know and learn; intelligence 理解（能）力例 beyond my understanding 超越了我的理解力adj.sympathetic and therefore not often blaming or g

23、etting annoyed 能理解的；通情达理的例 an understandingwife 通情达理的妻子respectvt. feel respect for (especially a person or their qualities) (对某人或其品质表示)尊敬；敬佩；尊重例 I deeply respecthis decision. 我深深敬佩他的决定。例 We all respecther as she is always honest. 我们都很尊重她，因为她很诚实。n.Uthe feeling that one admires someone or something ve

24、ry much and that they or it should be treated well and honourably 尊敬；敬重例 with (the greatest) respect 怀着（极大的）尊重例 We feel admiration and respectfor your good qualities. 我们钦佩并敬重你的品质。truly 真正地例a trulyhonest man 一个真正诚实的人例 This is a trulybeautiful picture. 这是一幅真正美丽的画。have agood/great/wonderfultimeenjoy on

25、eself 玩得开心例 The children had a good timein the park. 孩子们在公园里玩得很开心。例 They had a great timeat the party last Sunday. 上周日他们在晚会上玩得很开心。例 I did have a wonderful timelast night. 我昨晚的确玩得开心。on the waymoving towards; on the route of a journey 在路上,在旅程的路途中例 I met him on the wayto town. 我在去小镇的路上遇见他。例 Dont lose i

26、t on the wayhome. 回家的路上别丢了。to a large extentgreatly; to a large degree 在很大程度上例 I agree with what you say to a large extent. 我很大程度上同意你所说的。例 To a large extentyou are correct. 很大程度上你是对的。on ones ownalone; without help 独自，靠自己例 She lives on her own. 她一个人过。例 He finished the job on his own. 他独自一人完成这项工作。deci

27、deon/uponchoose (someone, something, or doing something) 决定例Have you decided onwhere to go? 你决定去哪儿了吗？例 We must decide onhow to deal with our water problems. 我们必须决定如何解决水问题。even though/ifthough 即使 也；尽管；就算 也 例 Even though/ifyou dont like wine (= though you may not like wine), try a glass of this. 即使你不喜

28、欢酒，也不妨试一试这种。例 Even though she tries to hide her feelings, I can see shes very sad. 即使她努力隐藏自己的感情，我仍看出她很难过。change ones mindchangeonesopinion 改变主意例Ive changed my mindabout him. 我改变了对他的看法。例 This couldnt change her mindto send her children to school. 这并不能让她改变送孩子们上学的想法。stepbysteplittle by little; graduall

29、y 一步步地； 逐步地；循序渐进地例 Learning is done step by step. 学习是一步一步完成的。例 She realized step by stepthat she should leave her home. 她逐步意识到她应该离开家。keepupremainlevelremainashighas 保持（ 水平）例 The other firms are selling so well that we have to work very hard to keep up. 其他公司销售很好，所以我们不得不努力跟上。例I had to run to keep upwi

30、th the other students. 我得跑步才能跟上其他同学。(causeto)continue继续下去例 Keep upthe good work! 继续好好干下去。例They kept uptheir conversation till midnight. 他们的谈话继续到深夜。from dayonefrom the very beginning 一开始；从第一天开始例 Children need a firm hand from day one. 对孩子一开始就要严厉。例 The teacher told his students to learn as much as pos

31、sible from day one. 老师告诉他的学生从第一天开始就要努力学习。make the most of somethingget as much pleasure, profit, etc. as possible from something 充分利用某事物例 When a chance comes to you, make the most of it! 当你有机会时，就好好利用它吧。例Try to make the most of the courses youre taking. 尽量充分利用你修读的课程吧。athandnearintimeorplace 即将到来；在手边；

32、在近处例 The great day is at hand. 重大节日即将到来。例 Remember to keep a notebook at handall the time. 记得手头总带着笔记本。let someone downfail to do something that you promised to do for someone; disappoint someone 令某人失望例 Dont let me down. 别让我失望。例 I had let them down, and was no longer worthy of their friendship. 我失约于他

33、们，不再值得他们把我当朋友。betrueofvalidorrelevantfor(someone) 也有效/也一样例 This is true ofhim. 这对他也一样。例 Surely this is true ofmany couples. 真的，这对很多夫妇都一样。makeuponesmindreachafirmdecision 下定决心，拿定主意例 I cant make up my mindbetween these two jobs. 这两个工作中，我拿不定主意选哪个。例 She has made up her mindto become a doctor. 她已下定决心成为一名

34、医生。DifficultSentencesHow to Be Cool atCollege!Meaning: How to make yourself very good and impressive to others at college. cool: adj. very good; impressive; fashionable; trendy 绝妙的， 顶呱呱的You look really cool in that new dress.你穿那件衣服显得很帅。If you say that someone is cool, you mean that he is fashionable

35、, attractive and trendy.如果你说某人很酷，你是指他很时尚、很有吸引力。Going to college? Luckyyou!Meaning: Are you going to college? How lucky you are! Notice that they are elliptical(省略的)sentences.True, there will be many people ready to help you, but you will often have to take the first step in whatever you choose todo.

36、Meaning: It is true that there will be many people who are ready to help you, but you will often have to take the first step in anything at all that you choose to do.As a teacher, I always tell my students to work hard and keep up from dayone.Meaning: As I am a teacher, I always tell my students to

37、work hard and try to be the best from the first day.asprepinthestatecharacterconditionjobetcof(beingHeworksasa taxidriver.他是个出租车司机。They have worked hard to make these opportunities open foryou.Please notice the makenoun/pronounadj.structure in the sentence. maken/pronadj.结构。表示 怎么样。make the door open

38、使门打开make him nervous使他紧张Ihaveheardfartoomanystudentstellmethattheyaredoingacoursetogetacertificateforabetterchanceofgetting a job.Meaning: I have heard too many students tell me that they are taking a course just to get a certificate, and then with this certificate they will have a better chance of

39、getting a job.far: adv. very much (often used together with the word too for emphasis)（too一道使用，表示强调）非常；太fartoobusy太忙fartoocoldunless you are proud of your work. unless: conj. ifnot; exceptif如果不；除非Unless something unexpected happens, Ill see you next week.如无意外，我们下星期见。learn as much aspossible.asas(use

40、d with muchor manyfor comparing people or things much many 连用，比较人或事物) She earns twice as much as her husband.她赚的钱是她丈夫的两倍。SECTION BHi, Im New Here!LanguagePointsexperiencen.gtsdounglr)的）体验例 This is a rewarding experience. 这是一次很值得的经历。例 This is a most trying experience. 这是最难受的经历。U(the gaining of) knowl

41、edge or skill which comes from practice in an activity or doing something for a longtimeratherthanfrombooks 例richexperience丰富的经验例 learn by experience 从实践中学习vt.feel, suffer, or learn by (an) experience 经历；经验例 For the first time, we experienceddefeat. 我们第一次经历了失败。例 Why do people experiencethe feelings

42、of uncertainty and anxiety only when abroad? 为什么人们只有在国外才会感觉到不牢靠和焦虑？adjustvi. & vt.change slightly, especially in order to make right or make suitable for a particular purpose or situation调整；使适合例 Jim found it hard to adjustto his new mother. 吉姆发现他很难适应新妈妈。例 He adjusted(himself) very quickly to the hea

43、t of the country. 他很快就（使自己）适应了这个国家的炎热气候。sensen.1)Ua feeling or consciousness of something 感觉；意识例 I felt a senseof relief when the examination was over. 考试完了，我感到松了一口气。例 She only visits her family out of a senseof duty. 她看望家人只是出于责任感。(2). Ugood and especially practical understanding and judgment 明智；见识；

44、判断力 例 common sense 常识例 He had the (good) senseto marry a clever wife. 他很明智地娶了个聪明的老婆。例 There is no sensein getting angry about it. 为此生气是没有意义的。Cany of the five natural powers of sight, hearing, feeling, tasting, and smelling which give a person or animalinformationabouttheoutsideworld （人、动物的）感觉官能；视觉例

45、lose ones senseof smell/taste 丧失了嗅觉/味觉例 a keen senseof smell 敏锐的嗅觉Cameaning 意义；意思例 different sensesof a word 一个词的不同义项例Im using manin its broadest senseincluding both men and women. man 男人和女人。例 No matter how I tried to read it, the sentence didnt make (any) sense. 不管我怎么念，我还是不懂这个句子的意思。例 Can you make (

46、any) senseof what this writer is saying? 你能理解这位作家在说什么吗？ vt.have a feeling that (something) exists or is there, without having direct proof 感觉到；意识到例 The horse senseddanger and stopped. 马感觉到了危险，于是停了下来。例 She could sensetheir disappoinment. 她能感觉到他们的失望之意。responsibilityn.Uthe state of being responsible; h

47、aving to take decisions about something so that you are blamed if somethinggoeswrong 例 Parents should take full responsibilityfor their childrens actions. 父母应对孩子的行为负完全责任。Cajobordutythatyoumustdo 职责；义务例 I feel that I have a responsibilityto help them. 我感到自己有义务帮助他们。例 Its your responsibilityto make the

48、 decision. 做决定是你的责任。responsibleadj.havingthejobordutyofdoingorlookingaftersomebodyorsomething 例 The school is responsiblefor the safety of the children between 9 am and 3 pm. 上午 9 点到下午 3 点，学校负责孩子们的安全。例 You are responsiblefor keeping the house clean. 你负责把房子打扫干净。havingdoneorbeenthecauseofespeciallysom

49、ethingbadguilty （对尤指坏事）负有责任的；需承担责任的例 Whos responsiblefor this accident? 谁应该对这次事故负责？例 The weather is responsiblefor the delay. 这次延迟应归咎于天气。decisionn.CU(achoiceorjudgment(anactofdeciding 决定；抉择；判断例 come to/reach/make a decision 做出决定例 He has a reason for his decisionto leave. 他决定离开有自己的理由。Uthe quality of

50、being able to make choices or judgments quickly and to act on them with firmness; resolution 果断；坚决例 This job requires the ability to react with speed and decision. 这个工作需要具有快速果断的反应能力。accountn( 1). Ca sum of money kept in a bank, building society, etc., which may be added to and taken from （银行等的）账户例 a

51、 bank account 银行账户例 open an accountin the bank 开一个银行账户(2). Ca written or spoken report; description （对事件、人物等的）报道；描写例 Give us an accountof what happened. 告诉我们发生了什么事。例 He is a good musician, by all accounts. 人人都说他是一位好的音乐家。or give a reason for something 解释；说明例 How can I accountfor the loss? 我如何解释这个损失？例

52、 I was asked by my boss to accountfor all the money I had spent. 老板要我说明每一分钱的去处。currentadj.generallyacceptedincommonuse 通用的；流行的例 The word is no longer in currentuse. 这个词现今已不再使用。(2). belonging to the present time; of the present day 当前的；进行中的 例 currentaffairs 时事例 I started my currentjob in 2000. 我开始从事我

53、现在的工作是在 2000 年。n.(1). Ca continuously moving mass of liquid or gas, especially one flowing through slower-moving liquid or gas 流；水流；气流例 a slow current 缓慢的水流例 The currentis strongest in the middle of the river. 河中央水流最急。CUtheflowofelectricitypastafixedpoint 电流例 direct current 直流电例electrical current sa

54、vingsn.( plural) money saved, especially in a bank (尤指银行中的)存款；积蓄 例 savingsbank 储蓄银行（仅办理有息储蓄存款业务的银行）例 It took all our savingsto buy the house. 买这房子花掉了我们所有的积蓄。creditn.thequalityofbeinglikelytorepaydebtsandbeingtrustedinmoneymatters 信用；信誉例 His creditis good. 他的信用良好。例 Can I pay by creditcard? 我用信用卡支付可以吗

55、？C(especially in the US) a completed unit of a students work that forms part of a course, especially at a university尤指大学的例 She hasnt enough creditsto get her degree. 她没有足够的学分获得学位。vt.add to an account 把 记入贷方；存入（账户）例 The money has been creditedto your account. 这笔钱（支票）已存入了你的账户。universityn.Ca place of e

56、ducation at the highest levelwhere degrees are given 例 a universityprofessor 大学教授例 a key university 重点大学confusedadj.mixed up in ones mind 迷惑的；糊涂的例 He gets confusedeasily. 他很容易被搞糊涂。例 Jane felt confusedabout love and marriage. 琼对恋爱和婚姻感到很迷惑。supposevt.(1). consider to be probable 猜想；推测例 I supposethat th

57、is new book will be a best seller. 我猜想这本书会很畅销。例 I supposeso. 我想是的。(2)what would/will happen if 假如；假使例 Supposeit is very cold, what shall we do? 假如很冷，我们怎么办？例 Supposeyou have just got married, will you choose this job? 假如你刚刚结婚，你会选择这个工作吗？guardn.1)Ca person, especially a soldierpolicemanor prison who wa

58、tches over a person or place to prevent escapedangeretc. 卫兵；守卫例 security guardsat the airport 机场警卫人员例 He had escaped by buying a guard. 他通过收买一个警卫逃脱了。(2). Ua state of watchful readiness to protect or defend 保卫；防守例Whowasonguardfrom9to12oclockyesterdayevening? 912点谁值班？ 例Therearetwopoliceofficersonguard

59、. 有两个警察值班。v.watch over in order to protect from harm or danger or to prevent from escaping; keep safe 防卫；看守例 the heavily-guardedWhite House 戒备森严的白宫例The dog guardedthe house (against thieves). 狗看守着房子（防止小偷。例YoushouldoftenwashyourhandstoguardagainstSARS. 要经常洗手以防非典型肺炎。例Whateveryoudoyoushouldguardagainst

60、mistakes. 无论做什么，你都应该防止出错。comfortableadj.(1). feeling comfort, especially not experiencing (too much) pain, grief, anxiety, etc. 感觉轻松自在的；舒服的例 To make others comfortable, you have to appear comfortableyourself. 要让别人放轻松，你自己必须先显得轻松。例 I wont be comfortableuntil you tell me the truth. 只有你告诉了我真相后，我才会放下心来。(