国际工程英语(常用词汇)

1、 PAGE PAGE 42国际工程常用英汉词汇汇编一、基础词汇access 交通agreement allocation 分配、配置approval 同意、批准arbitration 仲裁AsiaDevelopmentBankassistant 助理、助手authorize(delegate)授权、委托Bill of Quantities(BOQ) 工程量表civil works 土建工程claim 索赔comment 评论、意见commercial manager 商务经理conditions of contract 合同条件general conditions 通用条件conditions

2、ofparticularapplication 专用条件specialconditionsofcontract 特别条件Conditions of contract for Works of Civil EngineeringConstruction条件construction management 施工管理consultant 顾问contract agreement 合同协议Contractor 承包商cooperation 合作coordination 协作cost 费用cost control counterclaim 反索赔demobilization 退场department 部门

3、Designer 设计者drawing 图纸shop drawing 车间图design drawing 设计图as-built drawing blue drawing 蓝图transparent drawing 透明图constructiondrawing 施工图electric works 电气工程Employer(Client/Owner) Engineer 工程师Engineers representative 工程师代表engineering project 工程项目international project 国际工程overseasprojectdomesticproject 国

4、内工程equipment 设备expatriate 外籍职员expert 专家export出口Federation of Civil Engineering Contractor 土木工程承包商联合会formal 正式的hydromechanical works 金结工程import 进口in charge of informal 非正式的Institution of CivilEngineers(ICE) instrument 仪器、器械insurance 保险labour劳务layout布置leading company(sponsor)liability(responsibility/o

5、bligation) 责任、义务lump sump 总包machinery 机械manpower(human resource) 人力资源Manufacturer material 材料measure take effective measures measurement 测量、计量memorandum 备忘录mobilization objection 反对payment 支付plant 设备point of view(opinion) prequalification 资格预审procurement 采购profit 利润progress control 进度控制project manag

6、er 项目经理quality control 质量控制request(application) review 审查risk 风险river closure 截流river diversion safety 安全signature 签名site 工地、现场site engineer 现场工程师specification 规格、规范staff 职员Subcontractor 分包商submission 提交supervise Supplier 供货商the International Chamber of Commerce 国 际商会unit price 单价variation(change) 变

7、 更World Bank 世界银行二、工程施工类（一）工程施工土建类开挖与支护（Excavation and Support)明 挖 （Open Excavation ) bench excavation 台阶开挖concrete excavation 砼开挖fault excavation 断层开挖foundation excavation local excavation 局部开挖mass(bulk) excavation 大面积开挖protective layer excavation 保护层开挖rock excavation 岩石开挖slope excavation 边坡开挖soft

8、ground excavation 软基开挖soil excavation 土方开挖structural excavation 结构开挖tooth excavation 齿槽开挖unclassified material excavation coefficient of nonuniformity 开挖不均匀系数cutoff trench 截水槽dewatering(drainage) 排水excavation pit 开挖基坑intensity of excavation 开挖强度overexcavate ( overbreak ) pump sump 水泵坑Underexcavate (

9、 underbreak ) 欠挖underbreak treatment 欠挖处理洞挖及地下开挖（Tunnel and Underground Excavation)a round of excavation 一个开挖循环adit 支洞advance 进尺advances depth 进尺深度breaking hole cushion hole 缓冲孔drift 掏槽bottom drift 底部掏槽center drift 中心掏槽side drift 边部掏槽top drift 顶部掏槽drilling 钻孔driving(progress) rate 进尺率easer 掏槽孔erecti

10、ng supports for the roof and side wall 对顶拱及边墙进行支护full face excavation 全断面开挖heading and bench excavation 导流与台阶开挖loading and hauling muck(mucking ) 装拉渣loading (charging) perimeter hole 周边孔pilot tunnel 导洞removing dust 除尘removing ground water 清除地面积水shooting the explosive (blasting) 放 炮top heading excava

11、tion 上导洞开挖ventilation 通风钻孔爆破(Drilling and Blasting)abandoned hole 废 孔average hole depth 平均孔深average quantity used in unit volume blasted 平均单耗blasting result 爆破结果blockness 块度controlled perimeter blasting 周边控制爆破data of explosive filled 装药参数data of holes drilled 钻孔参数delayed blasting 延时爆破exploratory hol

12、e 探孔explosive quantity 药量explosive quantity in a sound 单响药量handling misfire 处理哑炮light charge 少量装药loosening blasting pattern 布孔方式distance between holes 孔 距distance between rows 排距post shearing blasting prespliting blasting 预裂爆破quantity of holes 孔数smooth blasting 光面爆破延时支护(rock support)expansion shell

13、rock bolt 胀壳式张拉锚杆feature rock anchor 随机锚索feature rock bolt 随机张拉锚杆feature rock dowel 随机砂浆锚杆feature rock reinforcement lattice girder 钢桁架、格构大梁pattern cement grouted rockdowel 系统水泥浆锚杆pattern resin grouted rock dowel系统树脂浆锚杆pattern rock dowel 系统砂浆锚杆pattern rock reinforcement permanent rock support 永久支护po

14、st-tensioned cement grouted tendon rock anchor 后张拉水泥浆锚索rebound material 回弹料return rock bolt 回头张拉锚杆return rock reinforcement shotcrete anchorage 喷 锚 shotcrete with wire mesh 挂网喷砼steel fabric shotcrete 钢纤维喷砼steel rib 钢拱架temporary rock support 临时支护tensioned resin grouted rock bolt 树脂张拉锚杆土石料的填筑及碾压施工工序（W

15、orking Sequence)backfill 回填blend 混合compact 碾压controlled sprinkling 控制洒水cut the slope 削坡dump 卸 料exploit 开采level 整平load 装料moisture condition 水分调节place and spread 摊铺remove 清除replace 重新回填retreat (do the work again) 返 工scarify 翻松、刨毛screen and wash 筛分和冲洗take a sample 取样test 测试transport 运输treat 处 理trim 修整缺

16、陷（Defects）calcium particles 姜石contaminated material 受污染料declination of the boundary 料界偏差dry 干燥lack of compaction lump sump 结块muddy 泥泞oversize material 超粒径材料pocket 囊穴seepage 渗流separation 分离shear area lens 透镜体其它（Others)bonding surface 结合面byproduct 副产品controlling parameter 控制参数fill placement record 填筑记

17、录frog area 蛙夯区required embankment 必要填方subzone 分区混凝土（Concrete ）air-entrained concrete(aerated concrete) 加 气砼asphalt concrete 沥青砼blinding concrete 垫层砼cast-in situ(site/place)concrete 现浇砼plastic concrete 塑料砼fibrous concrete 纤维砼first stage concrete 一期砼foamed concrete 泡沫砼high-performance concrete high-st

18、rength concrete 高强砼intrusion concrete 压浆砼lean concrete (poor concrete) 贫 砼lightweight aggregate concrete 轻骨料砼mass concrete 大体积砼non-fines concrete 无砂砼non-plastic concrete 干硬性砼non-shrinkage concrete normal concrete 常态砼plain concrete 素砼porous concrete 多孔砼prestressed concrete pump concrete 泵送砼reinforced

19、 concrete 钢筋砼roller compacted concrete( rollcrete) 碾压砼second stage concrete 作 业 （Activity） clearance(clearing) 清理concretepouring(placement/casting) 砼浇筑curing 养护Membrance curing 薄膜养护moist curing 湿润养护normal curing 标准养护steam curing 蒸汽养护repairing 修理Scabbling (chiping/roughening) 凿毛greencutting 冲毛surface

20、 finishing 收 面vibrating 振捣缺陷（Defects）bug hole(pitted surface) 麻面cavity 狗洞cold joint crack 裂缝deformation 变形depression 坑洼fire-damaged concrete 火损砼formwork shifting(moving) grout leakage 漏浆（挂帘） honeycomb 蜂窝incomplete vibration irregularity 不规则segregation(bleeding) 离析stair(staggered joint) 错台tie rod hol

21、e 拉杆孔water leakage 漏水water seepage 渗 水外加剂accelerator 速凝剂air-entraining agent 引气剂bloating(bulking /expansion) agent coring admixture 剂early-strength admixture 早强剂gas-forming admixture 发气剂（起泡剂）fluidizer 塑化剂retarding agent 缓凝剂set-controlling admixture 调凝剂super-plasticizer surface-active agent 表面活性剂wate

22、r-reducing agent 减水剂accelerating water reducer retarding water reducer 缓凝型减水剂waterproof agent 防水剂指标（Indexes）compressive strength compressive stress 压应力concrete class 砼等级final strength 终凝强度graduation 级配graduation curve impermeability 抗渗性initial setting strength 初凝强度mix design 配比设计resistance to freezi

23、ng and thawing 抗冻融性shear strength 抗剪强度slump 坍落度specific weight/gravity 比 重 stability against sliding 抗滑稳定性strain 应变surface finish 表面平整度tensile strength 抗拉强度tensile stress 拉应力thermal stress 温度应力water-cement ratio working stress 工作应力 其 他 （Others） acceptance 验收age 龄期aggregate 骨料fine aggregate 细骨料coarse

24、 aggregate air pocket 气囊airtightness 气密性alternative 替代物、替换方法apply 应用、施加bending moment 弯矩block 仓号binding strength 黏结强度calibration 标定cement anchor 锚固卷concrete plug 砼塞concrete precast element 砼预制件concrete release sheet 发料单上面已看！construction joint 施工缝contamination /pollution 污染conversion(reconstruction)

25、coverage 覆盖范围curing agent 养护剂delivery sheet 运料单direct discharge elevation 高程、正视图epoxy mortar application 还氧砂浆抹面existing 现有（存）的expansion joint 伸缩缝facilitate 使容易（便利） gabion 纤丝笼humidity 湿度identity 识别、标记ingredient 成分、配料inspection 检查、验收preliminary inspection final inspection 终验appearance inspection 外观检查i

26、ntact inter-tower joint 塔间缝introduce into 将穿入isolate 隔离laitance 浮浆皮layer(lift)height 层高meet design requirement 满足设计要求moment of inertia 惯性距Pocket (box out/preset hole) 预留孔post-cooling 后冷却post tensioning pre-cooling 预冷却pre-stressing 预应力pre-tensioning 先张拉pull-off test 扒拉试验reinforcement cover 钢筋保护层remar

27、k 备注section area 截面面积shearkey 抗剪键key groove 键槽shotcrete dry-mix process 干喷砼生产shotcrete wet-mix process 湿喷砼生产simplify 简化simultaneously 同时地spacer 水泥垫块spacing 间距stress concentration 应力集中symmetry 对称technical data 技术参数temperature control 温度控制temperature difference 温差temperature rise(gain) 温度升高theoretical

28、 elongation unloading 卸载water stop 止水PVC water stop 止水rubber water stop copper water stop 铜止水watertightness 闭水性winter protection 冬季保温 模 板 （Formwok/Shutteringform) erecting(setting up/fixing) formwork 立模Stripping (removing/dismantling) formwork 模bond breaker 脱模剂climbing cone 爬升锥dam bracket 大坝支架distan

29、ce piece 横支撑double-curvature formwork 双曲模板flat formwork formwork oil 模板油pigtail anchor 猪尾筋retractable formwork 进退式模板shearkey box 键槽盒sliding formwork 滑 模steel form carrier 钢模台车steel formwork 钢模steel waling 钢围令、钢支撑stopend 堵头、封堵模板temporary formwork tie rod(form tie) 拉杆tiltable formwork 倾斜式模板vault and i

30、nvert formwork 顶拱及底拱模板wood formwork 木模钢筋（Reinforcement Rebar）distribution bar 分布筋dowel 插筋horizontal bar 水平筋lap length 搭接长度main stress bar 主应力筋overlap 搭接shear bar 剪力筋splice welding 绑条焊接starter bar stirrup 箍筋support bar 架立筋vertical bar 竖直筋灌浆（Grouting）backfill grouting 回填灌浆consolidation grouting contac

31、t grouting 接触灌浆curtain grouting 帷幕灌浆gap grouting 接缝灌浆gravity grouting jet grouting 旋喷灌浆multi-stage grouting pressure grouting 压力灌浆ring grouting 环行灌浆single-stage grouting 一次灌浆工艺过程（Activity） air test 通风试验backfilling of hole flushing test 通水试验joint washing 洗缝seal 密封soak 浸泡water pressure test 压水试验管路及组件（

32、Circuitandair supply 风包arising pipe 升降管circuit 回路clamp 卡子cock 旋塞coil 蛇形管cylinder double nipple 对丝连接套expansion coupling 伸缩节female-quickcouplingfixed clamp 死卡flow rate meter 测量计galvanized elbow grout cap 灌浆帽grout cell 出浆盒grout stop plate grout valve 灌浆阀inlet pipe 进浆管large radius elbow 大弧弯头main pipe 总管

33、male-quick coupling 外丝快接头outlet pipe packer 灌浆塞piston 活塞plug 堵头reducer socket 变径管套return pipe 回浆管tee piece 三通管reduce tee piece 变径三通管swivel-clamp U-bend 弯头union 活接头ventilation pipe 排气管water supply 水包参数及指标（Parameter and Indexes）consistency 稠度fineness 细 度grout take 吃浆量high take 吃浆量大grouting pressure 灌浆

34、压力leakage rate 漏水率Lugeon 吕容mix proportion 浆比pumping rate 泵浆率refusal criteria refusal time 抽浆时间water aborptin 吸水率仪器设备（ Plant and Instrument）agitator 搅拌站automatic recorder 自动记录仪chiller plant(cooling plant) displancement point 位移点electronic grout flow meter 电子流量计extensometer 变位计flow transmitter foundat

35、ion displacement indicator 基础位移指示器grout pump 灌浆泵hydrometer 比重计joint meter 测缝计mixing plant monitor 监测器osmometer 渗压计pendulum 钟摆portable instrument pressure gauge 压力表pressure sensor 压力传感器reinforcement meter 钢筋计steel basin 搅拌槽strain meter 应 变 计 temperature sensor terminal station 集线站其 他 （Others） check h

36、ole 检查孔compartment 灌区dense mix 浓浆foundation uplift grout hole 灌浆孔instrument hole 仪器孔primary/secondary and tertiary grout holes 一序、二序、三序灌浆孔spilt spacing 加密灌浆孔距waste mix 弃浆测量（Survey）测量方法及术语（Methods and Terms）adjust 校正、调整adjustment 平差allowance 容许误差backsight point 后视点basic point 基础点bench mark 水准点compass

37、 罗盘chainage(station number) 桩 号chain of triangulation 三角锁check 校核、对照control point 控制点coordinate point datum 基础面datum point 基准点deviation 偏差easily identifiable point 容易识点error 误差first order triangulation 量geodetic 学的geodetic surveying joint survey 联合测量known point 已知点level surface 水准面local triangulatio

38、n networks 局部三角网national coordination system observe 观测监视point to be located 待定点position 位置reconnaissance 、reference point 参考点second order triangulation 量set out 放线、放样stake-line 测桩线state plane coordinate system 国家平面坐标系survey point 测点theoretical point 理论点traverse(polygon) 导线（量、error of traverse 差latt

39、ice traverse 网格状导线long side traverse 长导线open traverse 合导线short side traverse 短导线traverse closure 合traverse station 导线点traverse survey 导线测量triangulation 量triangulation network triangulation of high order 高等级三角网triangulation point 三角点trilateration 三边测量vertical-control net 高网wood pile 木桩角度测量（Angular Me

40、asure）azimuth 方位角bearing 、buddle 气、准器circle 、圆盘circular bubble 圆水准器collimation axis 视准轴cross-line(cross-hair) 十字丝depression angle 俯角elevation angle 仰角eyepiece(ocular) 目镜field pole(staff) 标杆foot-screw 脚螺栓horizontal angle 水平角mark 标 志 （ 明 ） objective lens 物镜plumb(plummet) 垂线sight 瞄观测target 目标、准theodoli

41、te 纬仪tranverse axis 横轴tripod 三脚架vertical angle vertical axis 竖轴望远镜（Telescope）centering 对中face left 盘左face right 盘右focus 集中、焦点focusing 调焦index error 指标误差inverted position of telescope(reverse telescope)倒镜、盘右normal position of telescope(direct telescope)正镜、盘右optical plummet 光学垂器round 测回set 套、组station

42、测站距离测量（Distance Measure）barometer 气压计base line(basic line/datum line) 基 线battery 电池EDM(electromagnetic distance measurement)电磁波测距filter 滤光片、滤波器laser alignment system 激光直系统laser beam 激光束prism 棱镜range 测程、距离long range 远程medium range 中 程short range 短程range finder 测距仪signal 信号spring balance 弹簧称tape 卷尺inv

43、ar tape 铟瓦钢卷尺高程测量（ Height Measurement） altitude/elevation 高海拔approximate leveling 置平粗平automatic level 准仪difference in altitude(difference of elevation ,height difference) 高 差 error of closure in leveling 水准闭exact leveling 、平level 水仪（测点）level circuit 水准闭level shoe 水尺垫line of level 水线路national geodeti

44、c vertical datum 国程基准面reduced level 归化高差run back 返测run out 往测three-wire leveling 准量地形测量（ Topographic boundary 边界、界线construction stake 施工标桩contour 等高线contour interval contouring 绘等高线contour-length method 等高线延长法contour line 等高线control network 控制detail 细图draw 绘图field 外业fix 确定form line grid 格网informatio

45、n 、情报marginal information large-scale 大比例尺的latitude 、范围latitude circle 纬圈latitude line 纬线legend 图 例 location longitude 经度longitude line 线map 地图、制图mapping 制图、测图、地质 素描match line 拼接线monument 标石object 地物目标plan 平面图 plot 绘图profile 断面（图）、纵剖图record 、setup 定仪器site location 定位stake out 、symbol 、记号topographic

46、detail 部topographic map 图原形观测观测仪器和设施Instrumentationand Facilities）air-entraining meter 剂Carlson-type piezometer concrete strain meter 计convergent point 收敛测点direct plumb line 正垂线earth pressure cell 土压力盒embankment piezometer embankment strain meter 堤应变计extended wire 引张线foundation piezometer 计horizonta

47、l inclinometer hydraulic instrument 水力学仪器hydrophone 水听器inclinometer casing 管interface joint meter inverted plumb line 倒垂线micro piezometer 计multiple position extensometer 计observation point 观测标点observation well 观测井optical alignment line 准plate strain meter 计pneumatic piezometer 计pressure fluctuation

48、meter prestressed tendon anchorage dynamometer 测力计rock bolt extensometer 锚杆测力计single point extensometer 单点位移计spiral sensor 测扭仪standpipe 测压管strong-motion seismogragh surface monument 表面标点temperature sensor 温度传感器terminal house 终端房terminal station 终端站tilt meter 倾角计time average pressure cell 时均压力计total

49、pressure cell 总压力盒velometer 流速计vertical inclinometer 垂直测斜仪vibrating wire piezometer 计vibrating wire settlement sensor weir with micro piezometer 带微压的水堰working base point 基点zero stress-strain meter 计附件及配件（Acessories and Spare Parts）coil 盘 绕component 零部件coordinator 坐标仪damping box differential resistan

50、ce 电阻double layer rubber sleeve forced centering plate 制对中盘instrument lead 仪器缆invar wire 铟瓦丝metal ring 金属环plumb coordinate meter 垂线坐标仪pulley 滑轮regulator 调节器riser 立 管sensor 传感器spool 绕轴steel socket 钢座tablet 药片tensioning weight 张拉重锤thermistor 热敏电阻tip 测头安装过程（ Procession of Installation）assemble 组装couple

51、 连接embed 设 install 安装insulate 绝缘maintenance monitor 监测protection of instrumentation 仪器保护reduce 归纳seal 密封splice 拼接supply 提供test 测试资 料 （Information） assemble schematic 简图certificate 合格证书description 使说书maintenace guideline manual 说书operating principle 工作原理operating restraint 操作范围procedure 程序trouble sho

52、oting procedure 鼓掌析序其他（Others）annular space 环空间data acquisition 数据采集data recording 数据记录leas drilling hole 引线孔permanent record readout device 设备saturated 饱和的seepage isolation dike 截渗堤trapezoidal 梯形水工常规试验砼原材料试验（Test of Raw and Processed Material of Concrete）骨料（Aggregate）abrasion volume by Los Angeles

53、rattler洛杉机磨耗量accumulated retained percentage 累计筛余百分率acicular and flaky grain in aggregate 针状与片状颗粒含量alkali-aggregate reaction 碱骨料反应apparent density 视密度bulk density (unity weight) 容重clay lumps and friable particles in aggregate黏土块及易碎颗粒含量coefficient of softening 软化系数crush index 压碎指标dry state 干燥状态exceed

54、ing and inferior grain in aggregate 超逊径颗粒含量fineness modulus 细度模数gaping place rate 空隙率grader retained percentage 分计筛余百分率grain composition 颗粒级配grain size 粒径lightweight matter in aggregate 量mica content 云母含量moisture content(water rate) 含水率mud content 含泥量organic content 量potential reactivity of aggregat

55、e 骨料潜在活性saturation 饱和的sieving curve 筛分曲线soft grain in aggregate 软弱骨料含量soundness 坚固性surface moisture content 表面含水率water-soluble sulphide 水溶性硫化物(Hydraulicity material)age 龄期cement mark(strength of cement /cement grade) 水泥标号consumptive use of water normal consistance标准稠度用水量degree of mobilization 流动性dis

56、solution heat ( solution heat ) final set 终凝flexural strength 抗弯强度flyash 粉煤灰hydration heat 水化热initial set 初凝loss on ignition(ignition loss) 烧矢量setting time 间silica fume 硅粉soundness specific surface area 面积specific heat 比热water demand ratio 量外 加 剂 （Admixture） bubble stability 泡沫稳定性bubbling ability 起泡

57、能力chloride content 量compressive strength rate contract with dry rate 干缩率dispersing coefficient 散系数dispersing ability of water-reducing agent 减水剂分散能力loss of slump 塌落度损失sulphate content 硫酸盐含量solid content 固体含量surface tension 表面张力water-reducing rate 减水率水（Water）alkalinity 碱度calcion 钙离子carbonic acid chlo

58、rion 氯离子equivalent concentration 当量oxygen consumption 量normal solution (standard solution) 标溶液PH value PH值water analysis 水值分析砼（Concrete）砼拌和物（Mixture）assurance strength of concrete 砼保证强度bleeding rate 泌水率cement-sand ration 灰砂比design strength of concrete 砼设计标号flowability of concrete 砼的流动性mix proportion

59、 (proportion of mixture) 砼配合比mixture uniformity 拌和物的均匀性penetration-obstruction method 贯入阻力法probability of ensuring strength of concrete 强度保证率sand rate 砂率unit consumption of water 单位用量water retention (water retentiveness) water-cement ratio 水灰比硬化砼（Hardened concrete）axial tensile strength 轴向抗拉强度coeffi

60、cient of thermal conductivity cooling rate 冷却率core of concrete 砼芯样creep deformation (time deformation ) 徐变变形form coefficient(form factor) freezing -melting circulation 冻融循环frost-resistance mark 抗冻标号heat property of concrete 砼热学性能height-diameter ration 高径比linear expansion coefficient 线膨胀系数loss of wei