CADCAM系统毕业论文外文翻译

1、湖南涉外经济学院本科生毕业论文（设计）附录 A：文献翻译原文Chapter 1 CNC/CAMWARNING : Machine tools present a safety hazard. Improper operation can result in severe injury. These topics are for non-laboratory study only and are not to be used in conjunction with the operation of any tool or machine described herein. Never use a

2、 machine tool without the supervision of a qualified instructor.1.1 CAD/CAM SystemsThis topic is an introduction to CAD/CAM systems, components, and applications.CAD/CAM is an acronym for Computer Aided Design / Computer Aided Manufacturing.In essenceCAD is simply a drafting board in a computer and

3、facilitates engineering and design with a monitor and a keyboard instead of a paper and pencil. The drawing is saved in an electronic data file for editing.CAM is what can be done with the electronic data to help manufacture the engineered part represented in the electronic file. Although there can

4、be hundreds of different manufacturing processes (stamping, forging, molding, etc) “ CAM” when teamed with “ CAD” as in“ CAD/CAM” has come to refer almost exclusively as the process of machining the CAD geometry on CNC machinery. Of course the computer file alone cannot machine a part nor can the co

5、mputer. But with a CAD/CAM system the electronic CAD file can be used to create another file of tool paths that can be fed into the controls of the CNC machinery.In the 60s and 70s CAD/CAM systems were comprised of expensive mainframe computers and minicomputers. Because of rapid advancements in com

6、puter technology, the personal computer (PC) is now being used for most systems.System Components(The PC based CAD/CAM system and peripheral)A typical PC-based CAD/CAM system begins with a personal computer. This computer should have enough power and memory and must be properly configured to effecti

7、vely run the software .An input device or two will also be required. Normally this would consist of a mouse and a keyboard. Output devices are also needed such as a printer or plotter to generate blueprints, CNC programs, and tool sheets or other necessary paperwork. The system would also include CA

8、D/CAM software. Selecting the correct software to meet the requirements of manufacturing application is perhaps the most important aspect of your system.39湖南涉外经济学院本科生毕业论文（设计）(What Computer Aided Design does.)CAD, at its most basic, is a geometric modeling system used to produce two dimensional or th

9、ree dimensional engineering drawings in a computer. CAD is the use of a computer to aid in the total design process. The design process involves identifying a need, generating possible solutions to meet that need, evaluating each solution to determine its merit, and developing a detail model so it c

10、an be built. PC can aid in most steps in this design process.Currently, the primary use of CAD is in the three-dimensional models from which engineering drawings and CNC part programs are produced almost automatically. A drawing is developed in the computer aided design process, without the need to

11、fabricate a prototype, so all the testing and analysis can be performed and a part program can be generated.The major goals of CAD for manufacturing are to increase productivity and create a database for manufacturingCAD helps the designer or drafts person to visualize a design on the computer scree

12、n. The designer can make changes and get immediate feedback on the results. Current CAD software also allows for analysis and testing of components before manufacturing the actual part. CAD This is a very important part of modern manufacturing expertise. The increased use of CAD- based engineering a

13、nalysis tools such as finite element analysis has increased the quality of product world wide. The automobile industry can make cars that last longer, run cooler, and provide more power/economy due - in great part - to the ability of the design engineer to test models in a computer before making the

14、 first part. Aerospace, construction, medical, and all of the other design manufacturers have benefited as well.（What Computer Aided Manufacturing does）CAM utilizes computers in the control and operations of the manufacturing process. There are two main applications for Computer-Aided Manufacturing:

15、Where the computerdirectly controls a manufacturing operation. Where the computer is used to support the manufacturing process, for example inventory Control and CNC part programming.The application most commonly associated with CAM is CNC part programming. Generally, the application involves either

16、 defining the part geometry or retrieving it from an existing file and then describing the cutter tool path including the feed rate , coolant, and clamping. Next, the program is run through a process called post-processing in which a CNC file is generated.（ How CAD/CAM integrated ）A direct linkbetwe

17、en product design and manufacturing can be established using40湖南涉外经济学院本科生毕业论文（设计）CAD/CAM software. Product engineers use a CAD system to establish the part geometry, dimensions, and tolerances. This design data can be transferred to the CAM system where the part programmers develop the CNC program t

18、o machine the part.A CAD/CAM system can consist of separate or integrated CAD and CAM software. For a system using separate CAD and CAM packages, transfer of drawing geometry using either direct or indirect translation is required. In this case, part geometry is first created on the CAD system and t

19、hen transferred to the corresponding CAM system. After the geometry has been recreated in the CAM system, the programmer specifies the tools that will be used. Detail information for each tool, such as material, diameter, number of flutes, and length, will be specified (above right). Next the order

20、of the machining process will be established (right). And finally a tool path with proper feed rate information is provided.Most CAM systems provide interactive graphic animations to verify the NC part program. An integrated CAD/CAM system is a dedicated system that will allow the user to create pro

21、duct geometry and generate CNC programs all in one package. Data transfer from CAD to CAM is not required, and there is no data compatibility problem. This feature is important since it ensures the accuracy and reliability of the data.41湖南涉外经济学院本科生毕业论文（设计）附录 B：文献翻译译文第一章 CNC/CAM警告 ：机床存在安全隐患。操作不当可能会导致

22、严重的人身伤害。这些议题都是非实验室的研究仅是不被用于与所述的任何工具或机操作相结合。 从来没有一个合格的教练监督使用机床。1.1 CAD / CAM 系统本主题介绍了 CAD / CAM 系统，组件和应用程序。背景CAD / CAM 是计算机辅助设计 /计算机辅助制造的英文缩写。 CAD 在本质上仅仅是在一台计算机上利用显示器和键盘进行工程设计起草， 而不是用一张纸和一支铅笔。图纸被保存在一个电子数据文件中进行编辑。CAM 可以用电子数据辅助完成部分制造工程并生成在电子文件中，即便是数百个不同的制造工艺（冲压 ， 锻造， 铸造等）。当 “CAM”和“CAD”合作组成 “CAD/CAM” 时，

23、几乎所有加工过程都可以用 CAD 几何表示应用在数控机械中。当然，电脑文件不能单独是机器的一部分，也不能仅是电脑的一部分。但CAD / CAM 系统的电子 CAD 文件可用于创建另一个文件的工具， 可以应用到数控机械控制的路径。在 60 年代和 70 年代的 CAD / CAM 系统，包括昂贵的大型机计算机和小型机 。由于计算机技术的飞速进步， 个人计算机 （ PC）是目前正在使用的大多数系统。CAD/CAM系统组成 （基于 PC 的 CAD/CAM 系统和外围设备）一个典型的基于 PC -CAD / CAM 系统开始于个人计算机（ PC）。这台电脑应该有足够的性能和记忆 ，必须正确配置， 有

24、效运行的软件 。还需要一个或两个输入设备。通常情况下，这将包括 一个鼠标和键盘 。输出设备也需要，如一个打印机或绘图仪生成蓝图 、 数控程序、 工具或其他必要的文件。选择正确的软件，以满足生产应用的要求，也许是您的系统中最重要的方面。基本的 CAD （计算机辅助设计做什么）CAD 其最基本的，是一种用于生产二维或三维计算机工程图纸的几何造型系统。CAD 是使用电脑，以帮助在整个设计过程。设计过程中涉及确定需要，产生可能的解决方案， 以满足这一需要， 每个解决方案进行评估， 以确定其优点，并制定一个详细的模型，以便它可以建立。 计算机可以帮助在这个设计过程中的大部分步骤。42湖南涉外经济学院本科

25、生毕业论文（设计）目前， CAD 的主要用途是在三维模型中自动生成工程设计图纸和生产数控零件的程序。绘图开发的计算机辅助设计过程中，无需编造原型，所以能够执行所有的测试和分析并能生成零件程序。可以进行零件程序可以生成所有的测试和分析。 CAD 的制造业的主要目标是提高生产率和制造业，创建一个数据库。CAD 帮助设计师或绘图员在电脑屏幕上看到一个设计。设计师可以进行更改，并获得即时反馈结果。当前 CAD 软件还允许对之前生产的实际部分进行分析和部分测试。这是一个现代制造技术的非常重要的组成部分。 增加了基于 CAD 的工程，如 “有限元分析 ”分析工具的使用增加了世界各地的产品质量。汽车行业可以使