15专业英语msei-09文献阅读初级

1、文献阅读I初级篇阅读文献的目的了解学术问题问题的提出、演变、发展了解学术动态当前活跃问题判断学术方向发展方向毕业设计中阅读文献的参考方法积累他人知识，了解现状复习所学，补充知识获得文献指导教师精读照单全收1收集文献选择阅读泛读、精度2关注问题： 1、他人做了什么？ 2、如何做的？ 3、结论是什么？文献的种类研究报告（快报、通讯、通信等）研究论文综述报告专利报告标准文件其它 Nature is a weekly international journal publishing the finest peer-reviewed research in all fields of science a

2、nd technology on the basis of its originality, importance, interdisciplinary interest, timeliness, accessibility, elegance and surprising conclusions. Nature Nature Materials is a monthly multi-disciplinary journal aimed at bringing together cutting-edge research across the entire spectrum of materi

3、als science and engineering. Nature Materials covers all applied and fundamental aspects of the synthesis/processing, position, properties and performance of materials, where materials are identified as substances in the condensed states (liquid, solid, colloidal) designed or manipulated for technol

4、ogical ends.Nature Materials Science is a weekly, peer-reviewed journal that publishes significant original scientific research, plus reviews and analyses of current research and science policy. ScienceApplied Physics Letters APL has long been an indispensable forum for rapidly unfolding physics res

5、earch. Coverage spans applications of physics phenomena to all branches of science, engineering, and modern technology, and emphasizes key new developments in rapidly evolving fields such as nanotechnology, semiconductor lasers, magnetic devices, and applied biophysics. APL also presents timely repo

6、rts of critical new experimental and theoretical research in lasers, optics, plasmas and electrical discharges, semiconductors, superconductivity, dielectrics and ferroelectricity, device physics, and much more. Physical Review Letters, published by the American Physical Society, is charged with pro

7、viding rapid publication of short reports of important fundamental research in all fields of physics. The journal should provide its diverse readership with coverage of major advances in all aspects of physics and of developments with significant consequences across sub-disciplines. Letters should t

8、herefore be of broad interest.Physical Review Letters Advanced Materials is an international peer-reviewed journal that covers all aspects of high-tech materials chemistry and physics. Categories of contribution for the journal are Communications, Review Articles, Research News, Essays, Materials Fo

9、rum, Book/Journal/Software Reviews, Letters to the Editor, Interviews, and the Conference Calendar. Communications should represent novel research and significant advances in the field of materials science.Advanced Materials Acta Materialia provides a forum for publishing full-length, original paper

10、s and commissioned overviews which advance the in-depth understanding of the relationship between the structure and the properties of materials. The structure passes atomic and molecular arrangements, chemical and electronic structures, and microstructure. Papers addressing mechanical, chemical, ele

11、ctronic, magnetic and optical properties will be considered.Acta Materialia Scripta Materialia, a companion journal of Acta Materialia, is a leading LETTERS journal for materials science and engineering. It provides a forum for rapid publication of cutting edge short papers which advance the underst

12、anding of structural and functional materials including metals, ceramics, semiconductors and polymers. Scripta Materialia Intermetallics is concerned with all aspects of ordered chemical compounds between two or more metals and notably with their applications. On the more fundamental side, the journ

13、al covers: the crystal chemistry and bonding theory of intermetallics; determination and analysis of phase diagrams; the nature of superlattices, antiphase domains and order-disorder transitions; the geometry and dynamics of dislocations and related defects in intermetallics; theory and experiments

14、relating to flow stress, work-hardening, fatigue and creep; response of deformed intermetallics to annealing; Intermetallics Materials Science and Engineering A provides an international medium for the publication of theoretical and experimental studies related to the load-bearing capacity of materi

15、als as influenced by their basic properties, processing history, microstructure and operating environment. Efforts which look at scientific and/or engineering factors affecting the microstructure - strength relationships of materials are considered particularly appropriate for submission to Material

16、s Science and Engineering A. Materials Science and Engineering AStructural Materials: Properties, Microstructure and Processing This monthly publication focuses on physical metallurgy and materials science, and publishes international scientific contributions on all aspects of physical metallurgy an

17、d materials science, with a special emphasis on relationships among the processing, structure, and properties of materials.Metallurgical and Materials Transactions AThe Minerals, Metals & Materials Society JOM reports scholarly work that explores the state-of-the-art processing, fabrication, design,

18、 and application of metals, ceramics, plastics, composites, and other materials. In pursuing this goal, JOM strives to balance the interests of the laboratory and the marketplace by reporting academic, industrial, and government-sponsored work from around the world.JOMThe Minerals, Metals & Material

19、s Society Corrosion Science provides a medium for the communication of ideas, developments and research in all aspects of this field and includes both metallic and non-metallic corrosion.The scope of this international journal is very extensive. Published papers range from the highly theoretical to

20、the essentially practical and cover such areas as high temperature oxidation, passivity, anodic oxidation, biochemical corrosion, stress corrosion cracking, and mechanisms and methods of corrosion control. Corrosion ScienceAPR carries review articles of important and current topics of experimental o

21、r theoretical research in applied physics and applications of physics to other branches of science and engineering. These review articles may vary in scope and length from relatively short but authoritative state-of-the-art summaries (focused reviews) to comprehensive critical monograph-length revie

22、ws of specific areas of application. Prospective authors are strongly encouraged to correspond with the editors before submitting manuscripts. Applied Physics Reviews第一阶段，是看论文中是否有感兴趣的东西第二阶段，要找出论文真正具有内容的部分。第二阶段，如果觉得该论文确实有价值，返回去通篇精读。 1.多数文章看摘要，少数文章看全文 掌握了一点查全文的技巧，往往会以搞到全文为乐，以至于没有时间看文章的内容，更不屑于看摘要。真正有用的

23、全文并不多，过分追求全文是浪费，不可走极端。当然只看摘要也是不对的。 2.集中时间看文献 看过总会遗忘。看文献的时间越分散，浪费时间越多。集中时间看更容易联系起来，形成整体印象。 3.做好记录和标记 复印或打印的文献，直接用笔标记或批注。pdf 或html 格式的文献，可以用编辑器标亮或改变文字颜色。这是避免时间浪费的又一重要手段。否则等于没看。 4.准备引用的文章要亲自看过。 转引造成的以讹传讹不胜枚举。 5.注意文章的参考价值。 刊物的影响因子、文章的被引次数能反映文章的参考价值。但要注意引用这篇文章的其它文章是如何评价这篇文章的：支持还是反对，补充还是纠错。 对于初次进入一个领域的新手，

24、必须阅读大量的文献，才能把握本领域的动态和方向。 无论题目从何而来，都必需紧密追踪当前有关科学领域发展的动向。 阅读文献以追踪当前发展动态时，务须切记发挥自己判断力，不可盲从，即使是知名科学家和教科书有时也会有错误。古人说得好：“ 尽信书不如无书”。在追踪当前发展的重要方向时切记，你看到的问题别人也同样会看到，越是重要的问题竞争必然越是剧烈，在研究条件不如人时，如果没有创新的研究思想，独到的研究方案是不可能超越他人得到成功的。虽然国际上也有对于某些重要课题一哄而起的情况，但在我国似乎特别严重。缺乏自己的创新思想而片面一哄而起追求热点，是一条必然失败的路线，最多只能是为别人成果锦上添花，或做一些

25、小修小补的工作而已。 NanoscaleNanoscaleisa collaborative venture between RSC Publishing and a leading nanoscience research centre, the National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST) in Beijing, China.The journal publishes fortnightly issues, complementing and building on the nano content already published across the RSC Publishing journal portfolio.Since its launch in late 2009,Nanoscalehas quickly established itself as a platform for high-quality community-spanning research which bridges the various disciplines involved with nanoscience and nanotechnology, publish