重庆铜梁县第一中学2023学年高三压轴卷英语试卷（含解析）

1、2023学年高考英语模拟测试卷注意事项1考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回2答题前，请务必将自己的姓名、准考证号用05毫米黑色墨水的签字笔填写在试卷及答题卡的规定位置3请认真核对监考员在答题卡上所粘贴的条形码上的姓名、准考证号与本人是否相符4作答选择题，必须用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应选项的方框涂满、涂黑；如需改动，请用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案作答非选择题，必须用05毫米黑色墨水的签字笔在答题卡上的指定位置作答，在其他位置作答一律无效5如需作图，须用2B铅笔绘、写清楚，线条、符号等须加黑、加粗第一部分 （共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1_ challenges in Chinas

2、 car-sharing economy, shared mobility still has a promising future.ADespiteBBesidesCConcerningDRegarding2After studying in a medical college for five years, Jane _ her job as a doctor in the countryside.Aset outBtook overCtook upDset up3Its supposed to be the end of the paperback(简装书) and the _ of d

3、igital media, but some bookstores are surviving the Internet Age with surprising success.AdeadlineBdawnCduskDdeparture4You can only be sure of _ you have at present; you cannot be sure of something _ you might get in the future.Athat; whatBwhat; /Cwhich; thatD/; that5-The weather is too cold _ March

4、 this year.- It was still _ when I came here years ago.Afor; colderBin; coldCin; hotDfor; hotter6Christine is _ about anything but her dress as she doesnt really care about what she looks like in the eyes of others.AcautiousBoptimisticCparticularDcurious7The new supermarket has announced that the fi

5、rst to purchase goods on the opening day _ get a big prize.AmustBshallCwouldDcould8- Do you know what Tom does all day ?- I know he spends at least as much time watching TV as he _his lessons.Ais doingBdoesCspends to doDdoes doing9It was announced that only after the candidates papers were collected

6、 _to leave the room.Ahad they been permitted Bwould they be permittedCthat they would be permitted Dthat they had been permitted10Fiona never fails to grasp any chance of promotion.Shes a woman of _.AambitionBattentionCexpectationDreputation11Would you please wait for a moment while I telephone the

7、reception desk to check?_.AI wouldnt mind thatBSound like funCI mean itDYou wish12No one believes his reasons for being late that he was caught in a traffic jam, _ made him embarrassed.AitBwhichCthatDwhy13The drums of war are beating once again. As tensions rise between America and Iran, China appea

8、ls to both sides to _.Astand byBcome alongCstep backDstick together14Given the huge gap _ economic development and cultural consciousness, young people find big cities are safer than small towns.Ain view of Bin case of Cin consequence of Din respect of15Good morning. May I help you?No, thank you. Im

9、 just looking around._AIts up to you.BHow are you feeling today?CThanks for coming to see me.DTake your time then.16The car accident happened _ his car was out of order _ I cant drive.Anot that; but thatBnot only; but alsoCnot because; but becauseDnot because; but as17“Do you mind if I look at your

10、notes?”“Of course not. _.”ANo problem BBe my guest CWith pleasure DNot at all18- Can you spare me a few minutes now?- _, but Ill be free this afternoon.AIm afraid notBIm not sureCYes, with pleasureDNo, I wont19Computer-controlled robots are taking over jobs in many industries, which used to be done

11、_.Aartificially BmanuallyCcomprehensively Dgradually20 Tony, you seem in high spirits._ We won the match 4-1.AGuess what?BOh, come on!CSo what?DNo wonder.第二部分 阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。21（6分）Could the device, smartphone or PC, which you re using affect the moral decisions you make

12、when using it? To test it, researchers presented multiple dilemmas to a sample set of 1,010 people. The participants were assigned a device at random.One case of the questions participants were asked is the classic “trolley(有轨电车) problem”: A runaway trolley is headed towards five people tied up on a

13、-set of train tracks. You can do nothing, resulting in the deaths of five people, or push a man off a bridge, which will stop the trolley. The practical response is to kill one man to save five lives, which 33. 5 percent of smartphone users chose, compared to 22.3 percent of PC users.“What we round

14、in our study is that when people used a smartphone to view classic moral problems, they were more likely to make more unemotional, reasonable decisions when presented with a highly emotional dilemma, “Dr Albert Barque-Duran, the lead author of the study, told City, University of London. “This could

15、be due to the increased time pressure often present with smartphones and also the increased psychological distance which can occur when we use such devices compared to PCs.”As for why the researchers started this study, Dr Barque-Duran noted, “Due to the fact that our social lives, work and even sho

16、pping take place online, it is important to think about how the contexts where we typically face moral decisions and are asked to engage in moral behavior have changed, and the impact this could have on the hundreds of millions of people who use such devices daily. “its clear that we need more resea

17、rch on how our devices affect our moral decision making because were using screens at an ever increasing rate.1、Why did the author mention the trolley problem?ATo introduce a difficult problem to readers.BTo introduce the aim of carrying out the study.CTo show an example of the questions in the stud

18、yDTo show the difficulty in dealing with dilemmas.2、How do the smartphone users of the study behave in dealing with emotional dilemmas?ACalmly. BCruelly.CHesitantly. DEnthusiastically.3、Dr Albert believes that compared with PCs, smartphones .Ahelp people bear more pressureBhelp people make decisions

19、 quickCmake people feel more mentally distantDmake people stay happier to solve problems4、What can we infer from the text?AShopping online has a great effect on making moral decisions.BThe people using smartphones are more than those using PCs.CPeople who often use smartphones or PCs always meet wit

20、h dilemmas,DIt is common for people to be involved in making moral decisions in daily life.22（8分） Caroline Solomon was on her high schools swim team. But at times she could not go into the creek（小溪）near her home. It was simply too polluted. I decided I wanted to do something about it，she recalls. So

21、 she studied environmental science and public policy at Harvard University in Cambridge. Later，she went to graduate school. Some of her classes could be challenging，though，since she couldnt hear her teachers. Ive been deaf since I was 15 months old，Solomon notes.Today she teaches biology at Gallaude

22、t University in Washington，DCShe has no trouble communicating with her students. They，too，are primarily deaf or hard of hearing. Thats why all classes at Gallaudet are taught in American Sign Language. Solomon also has an active life outside the classroom. She especially enjoys hiking，biking and oth

23、er activities with her family.Her research takes her to the Anacostia River. It is very close to Gallaudet，and I easily bring my students there，she says. Water running through local forests and marshes drains into this river，so does water running off urban streets，golf courses and industrial sites.

24、The rivers watershed（流域）kind of concentrates all the things that happen when humans mess with the natural landscape，she explains. Not surprisingly，this river has developed a reputation for being quite polluted.Solomon has been focusing on how pollutants affect tiny organisms that form the base of th

25、e rivers food web. I am now looking at the bacteria population， she says，to see what types there are.Solomon wants to see more students who are deaf or have other disabilities make a difference in environmental science and other fields. As she often says, If I can do it, you can do it.1、What does th

26、e underlined word it in Paragraph1 refer to?ASolomons home.BSolomons school.CThe polluted creek.DThe local environment.2、What made Solomon study environmental science?AHer teachers influence.BHer physical conditions.CHer teenage experience.DHer love for swimming.3、What does Solomon think of disabled

27、 students?AThey should be encouraged to live actively.BThey can make contributions if they want to.CThey should be treated differently by others.DThey can be a burden if they are dependent.4、In which column can you find this passage?AEnvironment.BEducation.CEntertainment.DCulture.23（8分）Scientists fr

28、om the University of East Anglia have identified four new man-made gases that are contributing to the damage to the ozone(臭氧) layer. Two of the gases are accumulating at a rate that is causing concern among researchers.Worries over the growing ozone hole have seen the production of chlorofluorocarbo

29、n (CFC) gases restricted since the mid 1980s. But the precise origin of these new, similar substances remains a mystery.Lying in the atmosphere, the ozone layer plays a critical role in blocking harmful UV rays, which cause cancers in humans and reproductive problems in animals.Scientists from the B

30、ritish Antarctic Survey were the first to discover a huge “hole” in the ozone over Antarctica in 1985. The evidence quickly pointed to CFC gases, which were invented in the 1920s, and were widely used in refrigeration. Extraordinarily, global action was rapidly agreed to deal with CFCs and the Montr

31、eal Protocol to limit these substances came into being in 1987. A total global ban on production came into force in 2010.Now, the newly discovered four new gases can destroy ozone and are getting into the atmosphere from as yet unidentified sources. Three of the gases are CFCs and one is a hydrochlo

32、rofluorocarbon (HCFC), which can also damage ozone.The research has shown that four gases were not around in the atmosphere at all until the 1960s, which suggests they are man-made. The scientists discovered the gases by analyzing polar snow pack. Air from this snow is a natural archive of what was

33、in the atmosphere up to 100 years ago. There searchers also looked at modern air samples, collected at remote Cape Grim in Tasmania.They estimate that about 74,000 tonnes of these gases have been released into the atmosphere. Two of the gases are accumulating at significant rates. However, they dont

34、 know where the new gases are being released from and this should be investigated. Possible sources include chemicals for insecticide (杀虫剂)production and solvents (溶液) for cleaning electronic components. The three CFCs are being destroyed very slowly in :the atmosphereso even if emissions (散发)were t

35、o stop immediately, they will still be around for many decades to come.Of the four species identified, CFC-113a seems the most worrying as there is a very small but growing emission source somewhere, maybe from agricultural insecticides. We should find it and take it out of production.1、What do we k

36、now about the newly discovered gases?ASome are surely produced by the development of agriculture.BThe CFCs will have a long impact once they are released.CThey gather together in the atmosphere at a medium speed.DTheir amounts are not large enough to cause damage to us.2、The underlined word “archive

37、” in Paragraph 6 is closest to the meaning of “ ”.AstateBresourceCphenomenonDstoreroom3、What will the scientists probably attempt to do about the gases next?AFind out what can replace things like insecticides and put them into use.BFind out how they destroy ozone and get rid of those in the atmosphe

38、re.CFind out where they are exactly from and stop them from being released.DFind out if HCFC is more harmful than CFCs and take proper measures.24（8分）Despite his knee and finger injuries, Kobe Bryant ignores his pains as the NBA season nears. He is leading the Los Angeles Lakers in their attempt to

39、win a third NBA championship in a row, as they did at the beginning of the century. The Los Angles Lakers superstar has the perfect record since his start in 1996. He has five NBA championships, 12 NBA All-Stars and a gold medal at the Beijing Olympics.But along with the awards, there has long been

40、talk about Bryant. People say he is a selfish player with only a few friends. He won three NBA championship titles with Shaquille ONeal, but rather than becoming friends, they couldnt get along well with each other. Lakers Coach Phil Jackson still remembers a talk he and Bryant had. “I talked to him

41、 a little bit about leadership and his ability to be a leader, and he said he was ready to be a captain ” Jackson told ESPN. “ But I said no one was ready to follow him. Bryants path of self-discovery took him Light years. ONeal left the Lakers in 2004. Bryant went on to lead the team to victory las

42、t year and again this summer. Last week, NBA rookies(新秀）voted Bryant their favorite player.Mark Medina, sports reporter with the Los Angles Times has seen Bryant grow. “ Kobe has been improvinghis relationship with teammates and accepts that sometimes less is more,” he wrote. “ He has learned that h

43、e has to give to get back in return. And so he has become a giver rather than a demanding leader. That has been great for him and great to watch,” Jackson told Medina. Bryant has shown through talent and hard work that others can follow his lead.1、What can we know about Kobe and ONeal?AThey were in

44、conflict. BThey were good friends.CThey envied each other. DThey often helped others.2、What can we learn from Jacksons words?AHe didnt like Kobe or ONeal.BKobe had no talent for leadership.CKobes leadership should be improved.DKobes teammates preferred ONeal to him.3、Kobe developed his relationship

45、with his teammates by .Ainviting ONeal to come back Blearning to become a giverCwinning the trust of the coach Dturning a demanding leader4、What may be the best title for the passage?AA grown-up NBA starBA hard-working NBA starCThe high praise from Kobes coachDThe relationship between two NBA stars2

46、5（10分）The term healthy obesity has gained value over the past 15 years,but scientists have recently questioned its very existence.Our new findings suggest that health measures may be necessary for all obese（肥胖的）individuals, even those previously considered to be metabolically（代谢的）healthy,says study

47、first author Mikael,Since obesity is the major driver changing gene expression in fat cells,we should continue to focus on preventing obesity.Obesity has been a global problem,affecting approximately 600 million people worldwide and increasing the risk of heart disease,stroke,cancer,and so on.But in

48、 the 1970s and 80s,experts began to question the extent to which obesity increases the risk for these disorders.Later studies in the late 90s and early 2000s showed that some obese people show a relatively healthy life.However,there are no accepted measures for measuring metabolically healthy obesit

49、y,and whether or not such a thing exists is now up for discussion.Our study suggests that the idea of metabolically healthy obesity may be more difficult than thought,Mikael says,There doesnt appear to be a clear line that separates obese subjects with high or low insulin（胰岛素）sensitivity,indicating

50、that obesity is the major driver explaining the changes in gene expression.One limitation of the study is that it examined gene expression only in white fat cells,not other types.Moreover, all of the obese subjects were scheduled to experience obesity operations,so the findings may only apply to peo

51、ple with severe obesity.In future research,Mikael and his group will track the study patients after surgery to determine whether weight loss normalizes gene expression responses.They will also look for specific genes linked to improved metabolic health in these people.In the meantime,the study has a

52、n important take-home message.Obese people may not be as metabolically healthy as previously believed,Ryden says.1、What does the underlined phrase healthy obesity mean?AIt can be healthy with obesity.BObesity is necessary to be healthy.CUnhealthy people have no obesity.DHealth has something to do wi

53、th obesity.2、What leads to healthy obesity failing to prove true?ALack of related patients.BLack of genetic evidence.CLack of research funding.DLack of needed standards.3、What advice can readers get from the passage?APeople should have a healthy lifestyle.BPeople should accept obesity in a way.CPeop

54、le should keep a balanced weight.DPeople should avoid obesity operations.4、Which can best describe the authors intention in writing the passage?ACompare,analyze and conclude.BShow,appreciate,and persuade.CIntroduce,argue and advertise.DPresent,inform and inspire.第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节）第一节（每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下

55、面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项26（30分）“Cleverness is a gift while kindness is a choice. Gifts are easy theyre given after all. Choice can be 1 .”I got the idea to start Amazon 16 years ago. I came across the fact 2 the Internet usage was growing at 2,300 percent per year. Id never seen or h

56、eard of anything that grew 3 fast, and the idea of building an online 4 with millions of titles was very exciting to me. I had just turned 30 years old, and I 5 for a year. I told my wife MacKenzie that I wanted to 6 my job and go to do this crazy thing that probably wouldnt work since most start-up

57、s dont, and I wasnt sure 7 to expect. MacKenzie told me I 8 go for it. As a young boy, Id been a garage inventor. Id always wanted to be a(an) 9 , and she wanted me to follow my passion.I was working at a financial firm in New York City with a bunch of very 10 people, and I had a brilliant boss that

58、 I much admired. I went to my boss and told him I wanted to start a company selling books 11 . He took me on a long walk in Central Park, 12 carefully to me, and finally said, “That sounds like a really good idea, 13 it would be an even better idea for someone who didnt already have a good job.” Tha

59、t logic 14 to me, and he convinced me to think about it for 48 hours 15 making a final decision. Seen in that light, it really was a(an) difficult 16 , but finally, I decided I had to give it a shot. I didnt think Id regret trying and failing.And I suspected I would always be haunted （纠缠）by a decisi

60、on to not 17 at all.After much consideration, I took the less 18 path to follow my 19 , and Im proud of that choice. For all of us, in the end, we are our 20 .1、Aeasy Bhard Cvaluable Dwrong2、Awhat Bwhich Cthat Dwhether3、Athis Bthat Cat Dby4、Abank Bclothes store Cbook store Djob market5、Agot married