高一英语上册期末知识点归纳总结

1、高一英语学问点 重点词组 ： 1. fond of “宠爱,爱好 ”接名词,代词或动词的 -ing 形式；例如： Hes fond of swimming. 他宠爱游泳； Are you fond of fresh vegetables. 你宠爱新颖蔬菜吗 . 2. hunt for = look for 查找 I have found the book I was hunting for. hunt for a job 找工作 我找到了那本我在找的书； 3. in order to, so as to 这两个词组都可引导不定式作目的状语 , in order to 可放于句首 , so as

2、 to 就不能 , 其否定形式为 in order not to / so as not to. 如: He went to Beijing in order / so as to attend an important meeting. In order to be noticed, he shouted and waved to us. 喊又是挥手； 4. care about 1 宠爱,对 有爱好 = care for Shedoesnt careabout money. 她不宠爱钱； 2）关怀 = care for 为了让我们留意他 , 他朝我们又是叫 She thinks only

3、of herself. She doesn t careaboutotherpeople.她只考虑自己； 她不关怀 别人； 3）在乎,在意（接从句或不接任何成分） These young people care nothing about what old people might say. 这些年轻人根本不在乎老人说的话； 5. such as 意为 “诸如 ”,“像 ”,是用来列举人或事物的； -可编辑修改 - 第 1 页,共 29 页She teaches three subjects, such as physics and chemistry. 6. drop * a line 留下

4、便条 , 写封短信 7,make yourself at home 别客气；任凭；无拘谨 她教三门科目 ,像物理,化学； If you get to my house before I do, help yourself to a drink and make yourself at home. 假如你在我之前到我家,自己喝点饮料,任凭一点； 8,stay up 不睡；熬夜 Ill be late home, dont stay up for me. 9,come about 引起；发生；产生 我将回家很晚,不要等我了； How did the accident come about. 这场事

5、故是怎么发生的？ 10 ,except for 除 之外 （ 1） except 与 except for 的用法常有区分； except 多用于引起同类事物中被排除的一 项；如： He answered all the questions except the last one. 除去最终一个,他回答了全部问题； （ 2） except for 用于引述细节以修正句子的主要意思；如： Except for one old lady, the bus was empty. 除去一个老太太,这辆公共汽车全空了； （ 3）但在现代英语中, except for 也用于表示 except 的意思；如

6、上述第一个例子可以是： He answered all the questions except for the last one. （ 4） 另外,在介词短语之前只能用 except ,不能用 except for ；如： We go to bed before ten, except in the summer. 觉； 11 ,end up with 以 告终；以 终止 除了夏季,我们通常十点之前上床睡 The party ended up with an English song. 聚会以一首英文歌终止； 12 ,more or less 几乎；差不多；大约；大致；大体上 -可编辑修改

7、- 第 2 页,共 29 页Ive more or less succeeded, but they havent. 13 ,bring in 引进；引来；吸取 我差不多成功了,而他们没有； （ 1） We should bring in new technology. 我们应当引进新技术； （ 2） He brings in 800 dollars a month. 14 ,get away （ from） 逃离 他一个月挣八百美元； The thieves got away from the shop with all our money. 小偷带着我们全部的钱从商店逃跑了； 15 ,wa

8、tch out （ for）留意；留心 （ 1） Watch out. There is a car coming. 当心！汽车来了； （ 2） Watch out for the hole in the road. 16 ,see sb. off 给某人送行 留神路上的那个坑； Tomorrow I will see my friend off at the railway station. 明天我到火车站给伴侣送行； 17 ,on the other hand 另一方面（用以引出相互冲突的观点,看法等,常说 on the one hand on the other hand 一方面 另一方

9、面） I know this job of mine isnt well paid, but on the other hand I dont have to work long hours. 我知道这份工作酬劳不高,但从另一方面来说,我也不必工作太长时间； 18 ,as well as * sth 而且 He is a talented musician as well as being a photographer. 她不但是摄影师仍是个天才的音乐家； 19 ,take place 发生 take ones place入座,站好位置,取得位置 take sb s place或 take t

10、he place of * / sth 代替,取代 The Olympic Games take place / are held every four years. -可编辑修改 - 第 3 页,共 29 页20 ,on fire 相当于 burning, 意为 “燃烧；着火；起火 ”,有静态的含意； Catchfire有动态的 含意； Set on fire / set fire to 用来表示 “使 着火 ”,“放火烧 ”；例如： Look, the theatre is on fire. Let s goandhelp.瞧,剧院着火了,咱们去帮忙救火吧； 21 ,on holiday

11、在度假,在休假中 When I was on holiday, I visited my uncle. holidayholidays一般指 “休假 ” 我在度假的时候去探望了叔叔； Tom and I are going to have a holiday. 我和汤姆预备去度假； Ive already had my holidays this year. 22 ,travel agency 我今年已经度过假了； A business that attends to the details of transportation, itinerary, and accommodations fo

12、r travelers. 旅行社一种为旅行者供应细致的运输,旅行和住宿方面服务的行业 Also called: travel bureau 23 ,take off 1脱下衣服等 , 解除 掉 He took off his wet shoes. 他脱下了湿鞋子； 2）（飞机）起飞 The plane took off on time. It was a smooth take-off. 3）匆忙离开 The six men got into the car and took off for the park. 飞机准时起飞；起飞特殊顺当； 这六个人上了车,匆忙离开去公园； 24. go wr

13、ong v. 走错路 , 误入岐途 , 机器等 发生故障 25. in all adv. 总共 26. stay away v. 外出 -可编辑修改 - 第 4 页,共 29 页27. look up 查询（如宾语为代词,就代词放中间） Look up the word in the dictionary. 在字典里查单词； 相关词组： look for 查找； look after 照管,照管； look forward to 期望； look into 调查； look on 旁观； look out 留意； look out for 留意,留心,提防； look over 翻阅,查看,检

14、查； look around 环视； look through 翻阅,查看； 28 ,run after 追逐,追求 If you run after two hares, you will catch neither. 29 ,on the air 广播 同时追两只兔子,你一只也抓不到； We will be on the air in five minutes. 我们五分钟以后开头广播； 30 ,think highly/well/much of 对 评判很高 , 赞扬, 对 印象好 He was highly thought of by the manager. 经理对他特殊赞扬； I

15、think well of your suggestion. 我觉得你的建议很好； think badly/nothing/little/lowly of 认为不好 , 好 不在意 , 不赞成 , 觉得 不怎么 样 I dont thinkmuch of himasa teacher. 31. leave out 我觉得他作为一个老师不怎么样； 1 漏掉 You made a mistake Youve left out a letter “t”.你出错了 你漏掉了一个字母 t. 2删掉, 没用 I havent changed or left out a thing. 我没有作出变动也没有删

16、掉任何东 西； 32. stare at （由于奇怪,兴奋等张着嘴巴,睁大眼睛地）凝视,盯着看 Dont stare at foreigners. It s impolite.不要盯着外国人看,这样不礼貌； 比较： glare at （to stare angrily at ）怒视着 -可编辑修改 - 第 5 页,共 29 页33. make jokes about 就 说笑 They make jokes about my old hat. 他们就我的旧帽子说笑我； have a joke with about 跟某人开关于某事的玩笑； He stopped to have a joke w

17、ith me. play a joke on 开某人的玩笑 他停下来跟我开玩笑； We played jokes on each other. 我们相互开玩笑； v. joke about 取笑 They joked about my broken English. over 接管；接替；继承 他们取笑我蹩脚的英 . what is good and still useful should be taken over. 好的有用的东西应当继承； 46. break down 1 破坏；拆散 Chemicals in the body break our food down into usefu

18、l substances. 人体中的化学元素把食物分解成有用的物质； 2（机器）损坏 Our truck broke down outside town. 我们的卡车在城外抛锚了； 3 失败；破裂 Their opposition broke down. 他们的反对看法打消了； 4 精神崩溃；失去把握 He broke down and wept. 5 起化学变化 Food is broken down by chemicals. 47,get onones feet 1）站起来 ;站起来发言 2）=stand on ones feet 独立 , 经济上独立 他不禁失声痛哭； 化学物质引起食物

19、转化； 3）人病好了 , 可以起床了 ; 使复原 , 复苏 指企业 48 ,go through -可编辑修改 - 第 6 页,共 29 页1 经受；经受；遭到 These countries have gone / been through too many wars. 这些国家饱经战火； 2 完成；做完 I didnt want to go through college. 我不想上完高校； 3）通过；批准 The law has gone through Parliament. Their plans went through. 他们的方案得到了批准； 4）全面检查；搜查 议会已经通过了

20、这项法案； They went through our luggage at the customs. 在海关他们检查了我们的行李； 重点句型 1“So + behave助动词情态动词主词 ”的结构；此结构中的语序是倒装的, “So” 代替上句中的某个成分；假如上面一句是否定句,就使用 态动词 +主语 ”的结构； 例如 Hes tired, andsoam I Im alsotired “Neither/Nor+be/have/助动词 /情 Shehashadsupper,andsocan I Ivehadlunch, too 2 “So +主语 +be have 助动词情态动词 ”结构中的主

21、谓是正常语序, so 相当于 indeed,certainly, 表示说话人对前面或对方所说情形的确定,赞同或证明,语气较强,意思 是 “的确如此 ”； 例如 A：It was cold yesterday 昨天很冷； B：So it was 的确如此； Yes ,it was 3“主语 +do/does/did + so”结构指的是按上句的要求做了；此句型中 do so 代替上文中要 求做的事,以免重复； My Chinese teacher told me to hand in my composition on time and I did so.=I handed in my comp

22、osition on time. 语文老师叫我按时交作文 , 我照办了； -可编辑修改 - 第 7 页,共 29 页4So it is with 或 It is the same with 句型表示 “ 的情形 也是如此； ”当前面的句子中有几种不同形式的谓语时,要表示相同情形,必需使用本句型,不能使用 so 引起的倒装 句； Shedoesnt play the piano, but shelikessinging.So it iswith my sister. 5,There you are. 行了,好； 这是一句表示一种事情告一段落或有了最终结果的用语；如： There you are.

23、 Then lets have some coffee. 除此之外,仍可以表示 “瞧,对吧（果真如此） ”的语气；例如： There you are. I knew we should find it at last. 对吧！我就知道我们最终能找到的； 6,have some difficulty in doing sth. 干某事有困难；接名词时,常用句型： have some difficulty with sth. Do you have any difficulty in understanding English. 你懂得英语口语有困难吗？ She said she had some

24、 difficulty with pronunciation. 她说她在发音方面有困难； 7,have a good knowledge of sth. “把握 ”,“对 有某种程度的明白 ” He has a good knowledge of London. 他对伦敦有所明白； 8,Tree after tree went own, cut down by the water, which must have been three metres deep. 一棵又一棵的树被水冲倒,冲断；那水确定有三米深； “must have + 过去分词 ”表示对已发生事情的估量；在英语中, must

25、,may, can 三个情态 -可编辑修改 - 第 8 页,共 29 页动词可用来表示对事情的估量； Must 意为 “确定 ”,语气很有把握； may 意为 “可能 ”,“或许 ”, 语气把握性不大；两者常用在确定句中； Can意为 “确定 ”,“或许 ”,常用在否定句或疑问句 中； Must ,may ,can 三者用于表示估量时,其后面可跟三种不同的动词形式： 1）跟动词原形表示对现在事情的估量； 2）跟 be doing 表示对正在发生事情的估量； 3）跟 have done 表示对已经发生的事情的猜 测；例如： HelenisLucys goodfriend.She must kno

26、wLucys e-mail.海伦是露茜的好伴侣；她确定知道露茜的电子邮件； 9,Wei Bin took out some peanuts and it was fun to see the monkey eat from his hand. 魏 彬拿出一些花生；看着猴子从他手上吃花生,很好玩； fun“好玩,趣事 ”,不行数名词,前面不加不定冠词 a； Youresure to havesome fun at the party tonight. 今日晚上你确定会玩得很兴奋； make fun of “取笑 ”,“嘲弄 ”；Peoplemake fun of himonlybecausehe

27、iswearingsucha strange jacket. 人们嘲笑他只是由于他穿了一件那么奇怪的衣服； funnyadj.“可笑的,滑稽的 ”；Helooks very funnyinhis father s jacket. 他穿着他父亲 的衣服,看上去很滑稽； 10 ,Many people who saw the film were afraid to swim in the sea 许多看过这部电影的人都不敢在海里游； afraid 用法说明： 1）可怕人 / 物,如： be afraid of * / sth 2）不敢做某事,如： be afraid to do sth / of

28、doing sth He is afraid to go out / of going out alone at night. 3 担忧会发生某事 , 如: be afraid of doing sth 或 be afraid + that clause -可编辑修改 - 第 9 页,共 29 页He seldom stands on the river bank because he is afraid of falling into the river. He seldom stands on the river bank because he is afraid that he migh

29、t fall into the river. 4 给人不高兴的信息或不赞同某人看法时 , 用 Im afraid , 如: Im afraid I ve got badnews for you. Im afraid I cant agreewith you. 11 ,It is polite to finish eating everything on your plate. 的； 把你盘子里全部东西吃完是有礼貌 这是一个动词不定式作主语的句型, 其中 to finish eating everything 是主语,it 是形式主语； 12 ,I wish you all the best.

30、我祝你万事如意 . 用 wish 来表示期望的结构是 wish * do sth 如: May you succeed. 13 ,Where there is a river, there is a city. sth, 此外我们仍可以用 may 来表示期望 : May * 有河流的地方就有城市； Where 在这里引导的是地点状语从句,相当于介词 in/ at/ to + the place + where 从句 9 定 语从句）,意思是 “在 地方 ”； 例如： Where there is smoke, there is fire. He lives where the climate

31、is mild. 无风不起浪；事出有因； 他住在气候温和的地方； 14 ,Strong, proud, and united, the people of St Petersburg are the modern heroes of Russia . 圣彼得堡人民坚强不屈,布满自豪,团结一样,他们是俄罗斯当代的英雄； Strong, proud, and united 为前置定语,在这里相当于一个非限制性定语从句： The people of St Petersburg , who are strong, proud, and united, are the modern heroes of

32、Russia . 当主语比较短时,这类短语常常放在句首； -可编辑修改 - 第 10 页,共 29 页15. Congratulations. 是一句庆贺用语,在使用时要用复数形式；其他几个通常以复数形式出 现表达特定含义的名词有： manners （礼貌）：He is a little boy with good manners. regards 问候：Please send my regards to your parents. 这个小男孩很有礼貌； 请代我问候你父母； 16. Every four years athletes from all over the world take p

33、art in the Olympic Games. 没四年,世界各地的运动员们都要参加奥运会； “every + 基数词 + 时间 / 距离单位 ”词表示 “每多少时间 / 距离 ”；如： every five days （每五天） , every three hours （每三小时） , every ten metres （每十公尺） 类似表达形式仍有： every fifth day, every third hour “每隔一天 ”的表达形式有： everysecond day, every two days, everyother day. 17 ,Modern cellphones

34、are more than just phones and they are used as cameras and radios, to send e-mail or surf the Internet. 现代的手机不仅仅是电话机 它们也当坐照相机和收音 机使用,仍可以发送电子邮件和上网； use A as B 把 A 用作 B；例如： In ancient times, people used stones as tools for farming. 工具； use sth to do sth 用某物来做某事；例如： 在古代,人们把石头用作耕作的 In ancient times, peo

35、ple used stones to kill animals for food. 在古代,人们用石头来捕杀动物猎取食物； 18 ,The answer seems to be that we have a need to stay in touch with friends and family no matter where we are or what we are doing. 答案好像是：无论我们在何处或正在做什么,我 -可编辑修改 - 第 11 页,共 29 页们都需要和伴侣以及家人始终保持联系； 1 seem 好像,好像,其用法及搭配有： seem + adj., 如： This

36、 problem seems complicated, but actually it is simple. 这个问题看似复杂,其实很简洁； seem to do I seem to have seen him somewhere before. It seems that , 我好像以前在哪儿见过他； It seems that everything is going on well. 好像一切正常； It seems as if , It seemsas if it s going to rain.看来快要下雨了； 2 no matter 无论,不管,后面常跟疑问词引导的从句, 其意相当于

37、疑问词后加 ever ；如 no matter what=whatever; no matter where=wherever; no matter how=however; no matter when=whenever 例如： No matter when Whenever I meet him, he is always wearing that old hat. 不管我什么时候遇见他,他总是戴着那顶旧礼帽； No matter how However expensive the cellphone is, I 无论这手机有多贵,我都要买；由于我急需有个手机； 重点语法 直接引语和间接引

38、语 llbuy it because I needonebadly.1. 直接引语在改为间接引语时,时态需要做相应的调整； eg:“I brokeyourCDplayer.”一般过去时改成过去完成时 He told me he had broken my CD player. -可编辑修改 - 第 12 页,共 29 页Jennysaid,“I have lost abook.”现在完成时改成过去完成时 Jenny said she had lost a book. Mum said, “Illgo to seeafriend.”一般将来时改成过去将来时 Mum said she would

39、go to see a friend. 过去完成时保留原有的时态 Hesaid,“We hadnt finishedourhomework.” Hesaid they hadnt finishedtheirhomework.留意 直接引语是客观真理,过去进行时,时态不变； 2 在直接引语变间接引语时,假如从句中的主语时第一人称或被第一人称所修饰,从句中 的人称要依据主句中主语的人称变化；如： Mary said, “My brother isanengineer.” Mary said her brother was and engineer. 3 直接引语假如是反意疑问句,选择疑问句或一般疑

40、问句,间接引语应改为由 whether 或 if 引导的宾语从句；如： Hesaid,“Canyou run, Mike.” He asked Mike whether/if he could run. 4. 直接引语假如是祈使句,间接引语应改为 “tellask, order, beg等 * not to do sth. ” 句型；如： “Pass me the water, please.”said he. He asked him to pass her the water. 5. 直接引语假如是以 “Lets”开头的祈使句,变为间接引语时,通常用 “suggest+动名词或从 句 ”的

41、结构；如： Shesaid,“Let s go to the cinema.” She suggested going to the cinema. 或 She suggested that they should go to the cinema. -可编辑修改 - 第 13 页,共 29 页现在进行时表将来的动作 现在进行时表将来的动作,谓语通常为瞬时动词；如： come, go, arrive, leave, start, return, stay, meet, get 等；这些动词的进行时后不能再接具体的时间； （ 1）用现在进行时表示将来,指的是近期的,按方案或支配要发生的动作； （

42、 2）现在进行时表示将来与表示正在进行的动作的区分在于：前者通常用瞬时动词（有时 一些常用动词也可以这样用如： do）如： go, come, start, return, get, arrive 等；而后者通常 是连续性动词； He is reading a novel. 他在看小说； The train is arriving soon. 火车就要进站了； （ 3）用现在进行时表示将来的时间,在句中或上下文中通常有表示将来时间的状语； （ 4）现在进行时与一般现在时表示将来动作的区分在于：前者表示的将来的动作往往是可 以转变的, 而后者就是依据规定或时间表估量要发生的动作或事情,因此往往是

43、不行转变或 不行任凭转变的； What are you doing next Friday. 下星期五你们预备干什么？ The plane takes off at 7 ：30 tonight. 飞机今晚七点半起飞； 定语从句 1. 定语从句的结构及懂得 2. 定语从句的关系词的使用 3. 定语从句的简化表达 学问总结归纳 （一）定语从句分为限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句： -可编辑修改 - 第 14 页,共 29 页限定性定语从句：从句对先行词进行必要的描述或说明,缺少它,就句义显得不完整,从句 与先行词紧密相连； 非限定性定语从句：对先行词进行补充说明,说明,它与先行词之间有逗号隔开；

44、1. Before she could move, she heard a loud noise, which grew to a terrible roar. 2. Tree after tree went down, cut down by the water, which must have been three meters deep. 3. Flora, whose beautiful hair and dress were all cold and wet, started crying. 4. Their talk includes rhythm and rhyming word

45、s as well as tongue twisters, which often make the audience applaud. （二）定语从句的结构：在复合句中,修饰某个名词或代词的句子（做这个名词或代词的定 语）叫定语从句,定语从句一般放在被修饰的名词或代词后面,被修饰的名词或代词叫做定 语从句的先行词, 它与定语从句之间要有一个词连接, 这个词指代先行词的内容叫做关系词 （关系代词或关系副词： that, which, who, whose, when, where, why ）；先行词在定语从句 中充当主语,宾语,时间,地点,缘由状语； 结构：先行词 +关系词 +定语从句； 1

46、. There she saw a wall of water that was quickly advancing towards her. 2. In Japan, someone who sees another person making the gesture will think it means money. 3. A theme park is a collection of rides, exhibitions or other attractions that are based on a common theme. 4. The park has a conservati

47、on center that helps protect marine animals and their habitats in the rivers and coastal waters of Asia. 5. Visitors can go on exciting rides where they can feel what it is like to do the things they -可编辑修改 - 第 15 页,共 29 页have seen their heroes do in the movie. 6. Oprah Winfrey is a black woman whos

48、e rise to fame is an inspiring story. （三）关系词前面可以依据定语从句的内容加上一些介词, 这些关系词在介词后面常用 which 或 whom. 1. There was a man with whom I would have to work together and finally the manager of the company. 2. Many people who saw the film were afraid to swim in the sea when they remembered the scenes in which peopl

49、e were eaten by the shark. 学问重点与难点 （一）当先行词有最高级,序数词修饰,是不定代词,或是 词一般用 that,而不能用 which ； all, no, only 等形式时,关系代 1. The Titanic was the largest ship that had ever been built at that time. 2. There is one thing that keeps worrying me. （三）定语从句的简化表达： 1. The man who is sitting on the platform is a professor

50、from Wuhan University. 2. The letter that was mailed last night will reach him tomorrow. 3. The question that is being discussed is very important. 4. You are welcome to a party to be given in our class at 7:45. 说明：以上的定语从句部分可以用更加简洁的非谓语形式表达出来： 1. The man sitting on the platform is a professor from Wu

51、han University. 2. The letter mailed last night will reach him tomorrow. 3. The question being discussed is very important. 4. You are welcome to a party to be given in our class at 7:45. -可编辑修改 - 第 16 页,共 29 页说明：修饰一个名词除了后面用定语从句以外, 仍可以用非谓语动词形式： doing 短语,done 短语, being done 短语, to be done 短语修饰；其结构和意思

52、如下： 1. 被修饰名词 +doing 短语： 正在做 .的人 /正在发生的事； 2. 被修饰名词 + done 短语： 被 .的人 /事 3. 被修饰名词 +being done 短语：正在被 .的人 /事 4. 被修饰名词 + to be done 短语：将要被 .的人 /事 （ 1） Do you know the man talking to my sister . （ 2） The “crazy ”gesture, moving the indexfingerinacirclein front of the ear, means“youhaveaphonecall”in Brazil

53、. （ 3） Did you see that car being repaired . （ 4） In a camera, the lens must be focused on the object to be photographed. （ 5） The students to attend the meeting will arrive here tomorrow. （ 6） Goods imported from abroad are not always better than those made in China. （ 7）The Yellow River, said to b

54、e “the mother river”runsacrossChinalikeahugedragon.总结：以上做定语的那些短语就是英语语法中所说的分词,不定式的各种形式作定语； 1. 这些短语作定语应放在被修饰名词的后面；假如单独一个 可以放在被修饰名词前面； V-ing 或 V-ed 形式作定语,就 2. 分词作定语时,其动作应与全句动作同时发生； V-ing 表示主动意义和正在做, V-ed 表 示被动意义； being done 表示正在被做的 3. 不定式作定语表示将要发生的, to be done 表示将要被做的 情态动词 1. 情态动词的估量表达 2. 情态动词表达虚拟语气 -可

55、编辑修改 - 第 17 页,共 29 页3. 某些情态动词的特殊用法 学问重点与难点总结 学问重点： 情态动词在表达估量意义的句子中的运用： （一）用情态动词表达事实的估量； can, could ,might , may, must 可以用来表达对事实 的估量；依据说话人对事实的把握性大小, must 表示“确定 ,”may / might / can / could表 示“可能 ,” must 只用于确定句中, may / might的否定式 may not / might not 表示 “可 能不 ”, 而 can / could可以用于疑问句,表示“可能,可能 吗 .”,其否定式 ca

56、nt / couldn t 表示“不行能；”用情态动词可以对现在或过去的事实进行估量； 对不同的时间内容估量有不 同的结构； （二）对现在的事实进行估量： 主要结构： must / may / might + 动词原形 be+ 名词/形容词 /介词短语 be + doing 例句： 1. You must be Jeanne. I m MathildeLoisel. We used to knoweachother very well.2. They must be in bed already at this time of the night. 3. The teacher must be

57、 joking. 4. Fredaisnt in class. She must be sick. 5. There must be something wrong. 6. She might be very clever, but she hasn 7. He may be arriving this evening. 8. He may be traveling around the world. t got muchcommon sense. -可编辑修改 - 9. The keys cant bein the room. I have just searched it very car

58、efully. 10. Can the news be true . （三）对过去的事实进行估量：结构：情态动词 例句： +have done / been+ 名词/形容词 /介词短语 1. Mrs. Longmans must have been a pretty girl in her youth. 2. Hecouldnt haveseenAnna yesterday. Shes goneabroad. 3. I think I must have left my glasses in the library. 4. He might have overslept again. 5. W

59、here can Tom have gone . 情态动词表达虚拟语气： 表达“原先 ,”“不然早就 ；”这是情态动词的一种虚拟语气用法； 表 示说话人所讲的与所发生的事实相反；表达了说话人的埋怨,后悔的语气；其结构是在一些 情态动词后面加 have done 结构；依据要表达的意思,有如下结构： should have done / ought to have done ：本应当 shouldnt havedone / oughtnt to havedone：本不该 could have done ：原先可以 neednt havedone：原先没必要 would like to have

60、done ：原先很想 would rather not have done: 原先不愿意 could / might / have done: 不然早就 例句： 1. Youshouldnt havelaughed at his mistakes. 2. You could have told us earlier. 3. I ought to have bought that dictionary last week. -可编辑修改 -第 19 页,共 29 页4. You ought not to have spent so much time in reading novels. 5.