现在完成时讲解与练习答案

1、一,时态讲解：现在完成时（1 ）构成：现在完成时由助动词have +过去分词构成，助动词have有人称和数的变化。第三人称单数用has，其余用have.现在完成时的否定式直接在助动词后面加上not、疑问式是把助动词提到主语之前。以study为例，其否定式、疑问式和简单回答形式如下:否定式疑问式I have not (havent) studied.Have I studied.?You have not (havent) studied.Have you studied.He has not (hasnt) studied.Has he studied.?否定疑问式简单回答（肯定/否定Have

2、 I not (Havenft I) studied.?Yes, you have. No, you ha、Have you not (Havent you) studied.?Yes, I have. No, I havenHas he not (Hasnt he) studied.?Yes, he has. No, he hasr（2）用法:1）现在完成时通常表示在说话之前已经完成的动愉存在的状态。说话人强调的是该动作或状态对现在的结果或影响。My daughter has just gone out.我女儿刚出去。Im sure weve met before.我肯定我们以前见过面。Sh

3、e has arrived.她到了。2 )表示持续到现在的动作或状态，往往和包括现在在的表示一段时间的状语连用，如 recently, already, just, lately, fo r., since., yet 等。如：I havent heard from her these days.这些日子我没有收到她的信。We havent seen you recently.最近我们没有见到你。They have been away for two years.他们离开已经两年了。She has been with us since Monday.注意：a) since和for的区别sinc

4、e 后接时间点，如 1993 , last term, yes terday, the time I got therefor后接一段时间，表示“长达多久，如ten years, a while, two days等。Ex ercise :用 since 和 for 填空Jim has been in Ireland Monday.Jill has been in Ireland three days.His aunt has lived in Australia 15 days.Mary is in her office. She has been there 7 oclock.India

5、has been an independent country 1974.The bus is late. Theyve been waiting 20 minutes.Nobody lives in those houses. They have been empty many years.Mike has been ill a long time. He has been in hospital October.since 2. for 3. for 4. since 5. since 6. for 7. for 8. since2 ）表示短暂意义的动词如arrive, leave, bo

6、rrow, buy, begin, start, die等，在完成时当 中不能和表示一段时间的状语连用，因为它们表示的动作不可能持续。因此，不能说：He has come here for 2 weeks. xThe old man has died for 4 months. xThey have left only for 5 minutes. x以上三句话可以改为：He has been here for 2 weeks.The old man has for 4 months.They have only for 5 minutes） have （has） been和have （has

7、） gone的区别：表示“曾到过某地要用“have （has） been;表示“已经去某地要用have （has） gone。试比较：Where has he been?他刚才到哪里去了？（已经回来了）Where has he gone?他上哪儿去了？（人不在）They have been to Canada .他们到过加拿大。（现在已经不在加拿大）They have gone to Canada .他们到加拿大去了。（可能在路上和已经到加拿大）.）现在完成时不能和表示过去的时间状语连用，如yesterday, last year, in 1976, two days ago, just no

8、w, when I came in，但可以和 already, yet, sometimes, always, often, before, lately, recently, once, twice, ever, neve r 等连用。例如:She has already come.她已经来了。I havent read it yet.我还没读过这个。I have met him before.我从前曾见过他。Ma Hong has always been a good student.马红一直是个好学生。I have often seen him in the street.我经常在街上看

9、见他。They have never been to Yanan.他们从未去过。I havent seen him lately.我近来没看到他。Irregular VerbsBase FormPast FormPast Participlebearborebornbeatbeatbeatenbecomebecamebecomeblowblewblownbringbroughtbroughtbuildbuiltbuiltbuyboughtboughtcatchcaughtcaughtchoosechosechosencomecamecomedodiddonedrinkdrankdrunkdri

10、vedrovedriveneatateeatenfallfellfallenfindfoundfoundflyflewflowngetgotgotgivegavegivengowentgonegrowgrewgrownhavehadhadhearheardheardkeepkeptkeptleaveleftleftloselostlostmakemademadeputputputreadreadreadrunranrunsaysaidsaidseesawseensellsoldsoldsendsentsentsingsangsungsinks ank/ sunksunktaketooktake

11、nteachtaughttaughtwritewrotewroteam, iswasbeenarewerebeenExercise:Fill in the blanks with the proper form.I already(see) the film. I(see) it last week.he(finish) his work today? Not yet.My father just(come) back from work. He is tired now.Wheres Li Ming ? He(go) to the teachers office.I(work) here s

12、ince I(move) here in 1999.So far I(make) quite a few friends here.How long the Wangs(stay) here ? For two weeks.I just(finish) my homework.He(go) to school on foot every day.you(find) your science book yet?If it(be) fine tomorrow, Ill go with you.The students(read) English when the teacher came in.L

13、ook! The monkey(climb) the tree.My mother(come) to see me next Sunday.Ive lost my pen.you(see) it anywhere?have, seen, saw 2. Has, finished 3. has, come 4. has gone 5. have worked, moved 6. ha ve made 7. ha ve , stayed 8. have, finished 9. goes 10. have, found 11. is 12. were reading 13. is climbing

14、 14. is coming 15. Have, seenChoose the best answer.How long have you here?A. come B. got C. arrived D. beenMy grandpa died.A. at the age of my 2 B. for 2 yearsC. when I was 2. D. my age was 6.Jane has to BeiJing . She will come back tomorrow.A. been B. gone C. went D. never beenIt is ten years I la

15、st saw her.A. after B. since C. for D. that-Who will go to the station to meet Lorry?-I will. I her several times.A. metB. have met C. had met D. will meet-What a nice dress! How long you it?-Just 2 weeks.A. will, buy B. did, buy C. are, having D. have, had-Do you know Lydia very well?-Yes, She and

16、I friends since we were very young.A. have made B. have become C. have been D. have turnedThe Smiths in China for 8 years.A. has lived B. lived C. have been D. live-Hello, this is Mr. Green speaking. Can I speak to Mr. Black?-Sorry. He the Bainiao Park .A. has been to B. has gone to C. went to D. wi

17、ll go to-you ever to the US ?-Yes, twice.A. Have, gone B. Have, been C, Do, go D. were, going III. Rewrite the sentences.I have been to Macau before.（改为否定句）I been to Macau before.He hasnt come to school because he was ill .（就划线部分提问） he come to school?I bough a new bike just now.（用 just 改写）I just a n

18、ew bike.We began to learn English three years ago.（改为同义句）We English three years. He has never surfed,?（改成反意疑问句）. They have been here since 2000 .（对划线部分提问） have they been here?. The old man last year. He hasfor a year. （die（动词填空）. Miss Gao left an hour ago.（同义句转换）Miss Gao has an hour ago.A sk the que

19、stions1）I have been there for two days.you2）My father has lived here since 2000.your father3）He left here yesterday.he?4）They bought a book two hours ago.they a book ?Keys: 1. How long have, been there 2. How long has, lived here 3. When did, leavehere 4. When did, buyUse “ never, ever, already, jus

20、t, yet, for, since ” to fill in the blanks.I have seen him before, so I have no idea about him.Jack has finished his homework.Mr. Wang has taught in this school ten years.“Have you seen the film? “No, I have seen it.“Has the bus left? “Yes, it has left.Keys: 1. never 2. just , already 3. for 4. ever

21、, never 5. yet , just / already现在完成时练习题及答案一、翻译下列句子：你曾经吃过鱼和薯条吗？我刚刚丢了我的化学书。我以前从来没去过那个农场他已经吃过午饭你已经看过这部电影了吗？我哥哥还没回来。这本字典我已买了三年了。他离开中国三年了。我认识他们五年了。他们已去了美国五年了。自从他搬到，他就住这儿了。我妹妹成为一个大学生已经三年。自从1999年以来他们就认识。我来到这个学校已3年多了。二、用since和化填空1._two years2.two years ago3.last month4.19995.yesterday6.4 oclock74 hours8._an

22、 hour ago9. _we were children10.一lunch time11.一she left hereHe has lived in Nanjing _ the year before last.Ive known him we were children.Our teacher has studied Japanese three years.She has been away from the city about ten years.Its about ten years she left the city.三、结束性动词转换为以下延续性动词或者表示可以延续的状态的短语

23、。arrive at / in sp / get to / reach sp / come / go / move to sp一 be in sp / at school / at home / on the farm / be here / be thereBeijing forthe USA sinceHe got to Beijing five minutes ago.HeBeijing forthe USA sinceI moved t o the USA in 2008. II went home yesterday. I home for.They came here last w

24、eek. They here e to / go back to / return to be back to go out be outHe came out two years ago.He for.We return to Beijing yesterday.We to Beijing since.become beI became a teacher in 2000. I a teache r for.The river became dirty last year. The river dirty for.close be closed open be openThe shop cl

25、osed two hours ago. The shop forThe door opened at six in the morning.The door for sixhours.get up be up ; die be dead ; leave sp. be away from sp.fall asleep / get tot sleep be asleep ; finish / end be over ; marry be married ;I got up two hour s ago.I since.He left Shanghai just now.He Shanghai fo

26、r fiveminutes.My grandpa died in 2002.My grandpa for.The meeting finished at six.The meeting for six hours.I got to sleep two hours ago .I since.They married in 1990. They since.start / begin to do sth. do sth. ; begin be onI began to teach at this school in 1995. I at this school since.The film beg

27、an two minutes ago. The film for.borrow keep ; lose not have ; buy have ; put on wear catch / get a cold have a cold ; get to know knowThey borrowed it last week. They it since.I bought a pen two hours ago. I a pen for.I got to know him last year. I him since.I put on my glasses three years ago. I m

28、y glasses for.have / has gone to have been inHe has gone to Beijing.He Beijing for two days.join the league / the Party / the army一 be a league member /a Party member / a soldier一 be a member of the league / the Party一 be in the league / the Party / the armyHe joined the league in 2002.He a for two

29、years.He a the for two years.He the league for two years.My brother joined the army two years ago.My brother a forMy brother in for two years.四、划线提问I have been there for two days.youMy father has lived here since 2000.your fatherHe left here yesterday.he?They bought a book two hours ago.they a book五

30、、用 have(has) been 或 have(has) gone 填空。A: Where Li Fei?B: He to Hainan Island.A: How long he there?B: He there for three days.A: When will he come back , do you know?B: Im afraid he wont come back recently.A: Could you tell me the way to Hainan Island?B: Sorry, I never there.A: How many times Li Fei

31、to that place?B: He there only once.六、用 have / has been to / in, have gone to 及 go 的各种形式填空。Where is Jack? He his country.David the park just now.John England since he came back.How long they this village?The Smiths Beijing for years.you ever America? - Yes, I there many times.I this school since thr

32、ee years ago.Where is Jim? He the farm.When he? He an hour ago.Would you like to to the zoo with me? -Yes, but I there before.Where you now? - I to the zoo.He often swimming.you there last year?they often skating in winter?七 用 never, ever, already, just, yet, for, since 填空I have seen him before, so

33、I have no idea about him.Jack has finished his homework.Mr. Wang has taught in this school ten years.“Have you seen the film? “No, I have seen it.“Has the bus left? “Yes, it has left.八.用适当的时态填空：Shes(live) here ever since she was ten.Both of them(be) in Hongkong for ten days.Both of them(come) to Hon

34、gkong ten days ago.Half an hour(pass) since the train(leave).Mary(lose) her pen.you(see) it here and there?you(find) your watch yet?-Are you thirsty? -No I ust(have) some orange.We already(return) the book.they(build) a new school in the village?I(not finish) my homework . Can you help me?My father(

35、read) the novel twice.I(buy) a book just now.I(lost ) my watch yesterday.My father(read) this book since yesterday.现在完成时态练习题答案翻译下列句子：Have you ever had / eaten fish and chips?I have just lost my chemistry book.I have never been to the farm before.He has already had lunch = He has had lunch already.Ha

36、ve you seen the movie yet?My brother hasnt come /get / been back yet = My brother hasnt returned yet.I have had this dictionary for three years / since three years ago.Has been away from China for three years.I have known them for five years.They have been in the USA for five years.He has been here

37、since he moved to Jining.My sister has been a college student for three years = My sister has been in college for three years.They have known each other since 1999.I have been in this school for over three years.二、用since或者化填空for 2. since3. since4. since5. sincesince 7. for8 since9.since10. sincesinc

38、e 12.since 13. since 14.for 15.for16. since三、结束性动词转换为以下延续性动词或者表示可以延续的状态的短语1. has been in , five minuteshave been in , 2008have been at, two dayshave been , last week1. have been out, two yearshave been back , yesterday1. have been , nine yearshas been , two years1. has been closed , two hourshas been open1. have been up , two hours agohas been away fromhas been dead , seven yearshas been overhave been asleep , two hours agohave been married , 19901. have taught , 19952. has been on , two minutes1. have kept , last week2. have had , two hourshave known , last yearshave worn , three yearshas