EN 287-1-焊工资格考核-氧炔焊-第1部分：钢

1、PAGE 96/96EN287-1EUROPEAN STANDARD欧洲标准EN 287-1March 20042004年3月+ A2March 20062006年3月ICS 25.160.10Supersedes EN 287-1:1992代替EN 287-1:1992Incorporating corrigendum August 2004包括2004年8月勘误表English version英语版Qualification test of welders - Fusion welding - Part 1: Steels焊工资格考核氧炔焊第1部分：钢This European Stand

2、ard was approved by CEN on 2 January 2004.本欧洲标准由CEN于2004年1月2日批准。CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical re

3、ferences concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member.CEN成员有义务遵守CEN/CENELEC内部规章，该规章规定了本欧洲标准不作任何变更用作国家标准的条件。若要获得有关这些国家标准的最新列表和参考文献，可向中央秘书处或任何CEN成员提出申请。This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German

4、). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions.该欧洲标准有三种正式版本（英语、法语，德语）。由CEN成员负责的将本标准翻译至其自己语言并通报中央秘书处的任何其它版本，具有与正式版本同样的效力。CEN members are the nati

5、onal standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, CzechRepublic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.CEN成员

6、是奥地利、比利时、塞浦路斯、捷克共和国、丹麦、爱沙尼亚、芬兰、法国、德国、希腊、匈牙利、冰岛、爱尔兰、意大利、拉脱维亚、立陶宛、卢森堡、马耳他、荷兰、挪威、波兰、葡萄牙、斯洛伐克、斯洛文尼亚、西班牙、瑞典、瑞士和英国的国家标准组织。EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION欧洲标准委员会Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels管理中心：rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2004 CEN All rights of exploitation in any f

7、orm and by any means reservedworldwide for CEN national Members. 2004 CEN CEN国家成员保留在全球以任何形式、通过任何途径进行利用的所有权利Contents page目录 页TOC o 1-2 h z u HYPERLINK l _Toc176079116 Foreword PAGEREF _Toc176079116 h 6 HYPERLINK l _Toc176079117 前言 PAGEREF _Toc176079117 h 6 HYPERLINK l _Toc176079118 Introduction PAGER

8、EF _Toc176079118 h 8 HYPERLINK l _Toc176079119 介绍 PAGEREF _Toc176079119 h 8 HYPERLINK l _Toc176079120 1 Scope PAGEREF _Toc176079120 h 9 HYPERLINK l _Toc176079121 1 范围 PAGEREF _Toc176079121 h 9 HYPERLINK l _Toc176079122 2 Normative references PAGEREF _Toc176079122 h 9 HYPERLINK l _Toc176079123 2 参考标准

9、 PAGEREF _Toc176079123 h 9 HYPERLINK l _Toc176079124 3 Terms and definitions PAGEREF _Toc176079124 h 10 HYPERLINK l _Toc176079125 3 术语和定义 PAGEREF _Toc176079125 h 10 HYPERLINK l _Toc176079126 3.1 welder PAGEREF _Toc176079126 h 10 HYPERLINK l _Toc176079127 3.1 焊工 PAGEREF _Toc176079127 h 10 HYPERLINK l

10、 _Toc176079128 3.2 examiner PAGEREF _Toc176079128 h 11 HYPERLINK l _Toc176079129 3.2 主考人 PAGEREF _Toc176079129 h 11 HYPERLINK l _Toc176079130 3.3 examining body PAGEREF _Toc176079130 h 11 HYPERLINK l _Toc176079131 3.3 主考组织 PAGEREF _Toc176079131 h 11 HYPERLINK l _Toc176079132 3.4 backing PAGEREF _Toc

11、176079132 h 11 HYPERLINK l _Toc176079133 3.4 衬垫 PAGEREF _Toc176079133 h 11 HYPERLINK l _Toc176079134 3.5 root run PAGEREF _Toc176079134 h 11 HYPERLINK l _Toc176079135 3.5 根部焊道 PAGEREF _Toc176079135 h 11 HYPERLINK l _Toc176079136 3.6 filling run PAGEREF _Toc176079136 h 11 HYPERLINK l _Toc176079137 3.

12、6 填充焊道 PAGEREF _Toc176079137 h 11 HYPERLINK l _Toc176079138 3.7 capping run PAGEREF _Toc176079138 h 11 HYPERLINK l _Toc176079139 3.7 顶部焊道 PAGEREF _Toc176079139 h 11 HYPERLINK l _Toc176079140 3.8 weld metal thickness PAGEREF _Toc176079140 h 11 HYPERLINK l _Toc176079141 3.8 焊接金属厚度 PAGEREF _Toc17607914

13、1 h 11 HYPERLINK l _Toc176079142 4 Symbols and abbreviated terms PAGEREF _Toc176079142 h 12 HYPERLINK l _Toc176079143 4. 符号和缩写术语 PAGEREF _Toc176079143 h 12 HYPERLINK l _Toc176079144 4.1 General PAGEREF _Toc176079144 h 12 HYPERLINK l _Toc176079145 4.1 概要 PAGEREF _Toc176079145 h 12 HYPERLINK l _Toc176

14、079146 4.2 Reference numbers of welding processes PAGEREF _Toc176079146 h 12 HYPERLINK l _Toc176079147 4.2 焊接工艺的参考编号 PAGEREF _Toc176079147 h 12 HYPERLINK l _Toc176079148 4.3 Abbreviations PAGEREF _Toc176079148 h 13 HYPERLINK l _Toc176079149 4.3 简称 PAGEREF _Toc176079149 h 13 HYPERLINK l _Toc176079150

15、 5 Essential variables and range of qualification PAGEREF _Toc176079150 h 16 HYPERLINK l _Toc176079151 5 基本变量和资格范围 PAGEREF _Toc176079151 h 16 HYPERLINK l _Toc176079152 5.1 General PAGEREF _Toc176079152 h 16 HYPERLINK l _Toc176079153 5.1 概述 PAGEREF _Toc176079153 h 16 HYPERLINK l _Toc176079154 5.2 Wel

16、ding processes PAGEREF _Toc176079154 h 16 HYPERLINK l _Toc176079155 5.2 焊接工艺 PAGEREF _Toc176079155 h 16 HYPERLINK l _Toc176079156 5.3 Product type PAGEREF _Toc176079156 h 18 HYPERLINK l _Toc176079157 5.3 产品类型 PAGEREF _Toc176079157 h 18 HYPERLINK l _Toc176079158 5.4 Type of weld PAGEREF _Toc176079158

17、 h 18 HYPERLINK l _Toc176079159 5.4焊接类型 PAGEREF _Toc176079159 h 18 HYPERLINK l _Toc176079160 5.5 Material groups PAGEREF _Toc176079160 h 19 HYPERLINK l _Toc176079161 5.5 材料类别 PAGEREF _Toc176079161 h 19 HYPERLINK l _Toc176079162 5.6 Welding consumables PAGEREF _Toc176079162 h 20 HYPERLINK l _Toc17607

18、9163 5.6 焊接消耗品 PAGEREF _Toc176079163 h 20 HYPERLINK l _Toc176079164 5.7 Dimensions PAGEREF _Toc176079164 h 21 HYPERLINK l _Toc176079165 5.7 尺寸 PAGEREF _Toc176079165 h 21 HYPERLINK l _Toc176079166 5.8 Welding positions PAGEREF _Toc176079166 h 23 HYPERLINK l _Toc176079167 5.8 焊接位置 PAGEREF _Toc17607916

19、7 h 23 HYPERLINK l _Toc176079168 5.9 Weld details PAGEREF _Toc176079168 h25 HYPERLINK l _Toc176079169 5.9 焊接细节 PAGEREF _Toc176079169 h 25 HYPERLINK l _Toc176079170 6 Examination and testing PAGEREF _Toc176079170 h 26 HYPERLINK l _Toc176079171 6 考试和测试 PAGEREF _Toc176079171 h 26 HYPERLINK l _Toc176079

20、172 6.1 Supervision PAGEREF _Toc176079172 h 26 HYPERLINK l _Toc176079173 6.1 监考 PAGEREF _Toc176079173 h 26 HYPERLINK l _Toc176079174 6.2 Shapes, dimensions and numbers of test pieces PAGEREF _Toc176079174 h 26 HYPERLINK l _Toc176079175 6.2 测试件的形状尺寸和数量 PAGEREF _Toc176079175 h 26 HYPERLINK l _Toc17607

21、9176 6.3 Welding conditions PAGEREF _Toc176079176 h 30 HYPERLINK l _Toc176079177 6.3 焊接条件 PAGEREF _Toc176079177 h 30 HYPERLINK l _Toc176079178 6.4 Test methods PAGEREF _Toc176079178 h 31 HYPERLINK l _Toc176079179 6.4 测试方法 PAGEREF _Toc176079179 h 31 HYPERLINK l _Toc176079180 6.5 Test piece and test s

22、pecimen PAGEREF _Toc176079180 h 32 HYPERLINK l _Toc176079181 6.5 测试件和测试样本 PAGEREF _Toc176079181 h 32 HYPERLINK l _Toc176079182 6.6 Test record PAGEREF _Toc176079182 h 40 HYPERLINK l _Toc176079183 6.6 测试记录 PAGEREF _Toc176079183 h 40 HYPERLINK l _Toc176079184 7 Acceptance requirements for test pieces

23、PAGEREF _Toc176079184 h 40 HYPERLINK l _Toc176079185 7 测试件的验收要求 PAGEREF _Toc176079185 h 40 HYPERLINK l _Toc176079186 8 Re-tests PAGEREF _Toc176079186 h 41 HYPERLINK l _Toc176079187 8 重新测试 PAGEREF _Toc176079187 h 41 HYPERLINK l _Toc176079188 9 Period of validity PAGEREF _Toc176079188 h 41 HYPERLINK l

24、 _Toc176079189 9 有效期 PAGEREF _Toc176079189 h 41 HYPERLINK l _Toc176079190 9.1 Initial qualification PAGEREF _Toc176079190 h 41 HYPERLINK l _Toc176079191 9.1 资格开始 PAGEREF _Toc176079191 h 41 HYPERLINK l _Toc176079192 9.2 Confirmation of the validity PAGEREF _Toc176079192 h 41 HYPERLINK l _Toc176079193

25、 9.2 有效性的确定 PAGEREF _Toc176079193 h 41 HYPERLINK l _Toc176079194 9.3 Prolongation of qualification PAGEREF _Toc176079194 h 41 HYPERLINK l _Toc176079195 9.3 资格的延期 PAGEREF _Toc176079195 h 42 HYPERLINK l _Toc176079196 10 Certificate PAGEREF _Toc176079196 h 42 HYPERLINK l _Toc176079197 10 证书 PAGEREF _To

26、c176079197 h 42 HYPERLINK l _Toc176079198 11 Designation PAGEREF _Toc176079198 h 43 HYPERLINK l _Toc176079199 11 名称 PAGEREF _Toc176079199 h 43 HYPERLINK l _Toc176079200 Annex A(informative) Welders qualification test certificate PAGEREF _Toc176079200 h 45 HYPERLINK l _Toc176079201 附录A (资料)焊工资格考核证书 P

27、AGEREF _Toc176079201 h 45 HYPERLINK l _Toc176079202 Annex B(informative) Designation examples PAGEREF _Toc176079202 h 47 HYPERLINK l _Toc176079203 附录B（资料）名称举例 PAGEREF _Toc176079203 h 47 HYPERLINK l _Toc176079204 Annex C(informative) Job knowledge PAGEREF _Toc176079204 h 54 HYPERLINK l _Toc176079205

28、附录C（资料）工作知识 PAGEREF _Toc176079205 h 54 HYPERLINK l _Toc176079206 Annex D(informative) Variables to be confirmed and traceable for prolongation PAGEREF _Toc176079206 h 59 HYPERLINK l _Toc176079207 附录D（资料）需确认的变量以及可追踪延期 PAGEREF _Toc176079207 h 59 HYPERLINK l _Toc176079208 ANNEX ZA(informative) Relation

29、ship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 97/23/EC PAGEREF _Toc176079208 h 60 HYPERLINK l _Toc176079209 附录ZA（资料）本欧洲标准和欧盟指令97/23/EC要求之间的关系 PAGEREF _Toc176079209 h 60 HYPERLINK l _Toc176079210 Bibliography PAGEREF _Toc176079210 h 61 HYPERLINK l _Toc176079211 参考

30、书目 PAGEREF _Toc176079211 h 61EN 287-1:2004 (E)Foreword前言This document (EN 287-1:2004) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN /TC 121, Welding, the secretariat of which is held by DIN.本文件(EN 287-1:2004)由CEN /TC 121“焊接”技术委员会制定，其秘书处由DIN执行。This European Standard shall be given the status of a nati

31、onal standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by September 2004, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by September 2004.最迟于2004年9月通过出版同文或通过背书，将本欧洲标准将作为国家标准使用，相抵触的国家标准，最迟于2004年9月撤销。 This document has been prepared under a man

32、date given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s).本文件按欧洲委员会和欧洲自由贸易协会对CEN的要求，并按欧盟指令的重点要求进行制定。For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative annex ZA, which is an integral part of this document.与欧盟指令之间的关

33、系，见附录ZA中的信息，该附录是本文件的组成部分。This document supersedes EN 287-1:1992.本文件取代EN 287-1:1992.EN 287 consists of the following parts, under the general title Qualification test of welders Fusion welding:EN 287的总名称为焊工资格考核氧炔焊，包括如下部分：Part1:Steels第1部分：钢Part2:Aluminiumandaluminiumalloys第2部分：铝和铝合金Annexes A, B, C and

34、 D are informative.附录A,B,C和D是资料。This document includes a Bibliography.本文件包括一份参考文献列表。According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Est

35、onia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.按CEN/CENELEC内部规范，以下国家的国家标准组织有义务执行本欧洲标准：奥地利，比利时、塞浦路斯、捷克共和国、丹麦、爱沙尼亚、芬兰、法国、德国、希腊、匈牙利、冰

36、岛、爱尔兰、意大利、拉脱维亚、立陶宛、卢森堡、马耳他、荷兰、挪威、波兰、葡萄牙、斯洛伐克、斯洛文尼亚、西班牙、瑞典、瑞士和英国。Foreword to amendment A2修订A2的前言This European Standard (EN 287-1:2004/A2:2006) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 121 “Welding”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN.本欧洲标准(EN 287-1:2004/A2:2006)由技术委员会CEN/TC 121“焊接”制定，其秘书处

37、由DIN执行。This Amendment to the European Standard EN 287-1:2004 shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by September 2006, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by September 2006.最迟于2006年

38、9月通过出版同文或通过背书，将本欧洲标准EN 287-1:2004的修订版，作为国家标准使用，相抵触的国家标准，最迟于2006年9月撤销。 This European Standard has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s).本欧洲标准按欧洲委员会和欧洲自由贸易协会对CEN的要求，并按欧盟指令的重点

39、要求进行制定。For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this European Standard.与欧盟指令之间的关系，见附录ZA中的信息，该附录是本文件的组成部分。According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this

40、 European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.

41、按CEN/CENELEC内部规范，以下国家的国家标准组织有义务执行本欧洲标准：奥地利，比利时、塞浦路斯、捷克共和国、丹麦、爱沙尼亚、芬兰、法国、德国、希腊、匈牙利、冰岛、爱尔兰、意大利、拉脱维亚、立陶宛、卢森堡、马耳他、荷兰、挪威、波兰、葡萄牙、斯洛伐克、斯洛文尼亚、西班牙、瑞典、瑞士和英国。EN 287-1:2004 (E)Introduction介绍The ability of a welder to follow verbal or written instructions and verification of a persons skills are important factor

42、s in ensuring the quality of the welded product.焊工按口头或书面指示进行操作的能力，以及焊工技能的验证，是确保焊接产品质量的重要因素。The testing of a welders skill in accordance with this standard depends on welding techniques and conditions used in which uniform rules are complied with, and standard test pieces are used.按本标准对焊工进行的测试，取决于按统一

43、规则所使用的焊接技术和条件，以及所使用的标准测试件。The principle of this standard is that a qualification test qualifies the welder not only for the conditions used in the test, but also for all joints which are considered easier to weld on the presumption that the welder has received a specific training and/or has industri

44、al practice within the range of qualification.本标准的原则是，资格考核能证明焊工不仅胜任在测试中所使用的条件，假定焊工接受到特殊的训练和/或在资格范围内具有工业实践，还能胜任更容易焊接的所有接缝。The qualification test can be used to qualify a welding procedure and a welder provided that all the relevant requirements, e.g. test piece dimensions, are satisfied.假如满足了所有相关要求，如

45、，测试件尺寸，资格考核可用于考核焊程序及焊工。Qualifications in accordance with EN 287-1 existing at the date of publication of this standard should, at the end of their period of validity, be interpreted in accordance with the requirements of this standard.按EN 287-1考核的资格证书，在本标准出版之日仍存在的，应在其有效期期满之后，按本标准的要求进行说明。EN 287-1:200

46、4 (E)1 Scope1 范围This European Standard defines the qualification test of welders for the fusion welding of steels.本欧洲标准规定了钢氧炔焊焊工的资格考核。It provides a set of technical rules for a systematic qualification test of the welder, and enables such qualifications to be uniformly accepted independently of the

47、type of product, location and examiner/examining body.它为焊工的系统资格考核提供了一组技术规范，并使这种资格一致适用于产品类型、位置和主考人/主考组织。When qualifying welders, the emphasis is placed on the welders ability to manually manipulate the electrode/ welding torch/ welding blowpipe and thereby producing a weld of acceptable quality.在考核焊工

48、时，重点应考核焊工动手操作电焊条/焊枪/气焊吹管，由此制造出质量合格的焊缝的能力。The welding processes referred to in this European Standard include those fusion welding processes which are designated as manual or partly mechanized welding. It does not cover fully mechanized and automated welding processes (see EN 1418).本欧洲标准中所提及的焊接工艺，包括指

49、定为手动或部分机械焊接的氧炔焊。2 Normative references2 参考标准This European Standard incorporates by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications. These normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text, and the publications are listed hereafter. For dated references, subsequent a

50、mendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply to this European Standard only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references the latest edition of the publication referred to applies (including amendments).本欧洲标准中结合了其它出版物的标有日期或未标日期的参考标准、条款。文中适当地方引用了这些参考标准，并于下文列

51、出出版物。对于标有日期的参考标准，任何这些出版物的其后的修订或修改，只有通过修订或修改后，在本欧洲标准中结合，才适用于本标准。对于未标明日期的参考标准，适用最新版本的出版物（包括修订版）。EN 910, Destructive tests on welds in metallic materials Bend tests.EN 910，金属材料焊接的破坏性试验弯曲试验EN 970, Non-destructive examination of fusion welds Visual examination.EN 970，氧炔焊的非破坏性检查目测检查EN 1320, Destructive te

52、sts on welds in metallic materials Fracture test.EN 1320，金属材料焊接的破坏性试验破裂试验EN 1435, Non-destructive examination of welds Radiographic examination of welded joints.EN 1435，焊接的非破坏性试验焊接点的射线照相检查EN ISO 4063, Welding and allied processes Nomenclature of processes and reference numbers (ISO 4063:1998).EN ISO

53、 4063，焊接和联接工艺工艺和参考编号命名(ISO 4063:1998)。EN ISO 5817, Welding Fusion-welded joints in steel, nickel, titanium and their alloys (beam welding excluded) Quality levels for imperfections (ISO 5817:2003).EN ISO 5817，焊接钢、镍、钛和其合金氧炔焊点（不包括电子束焊）-缺陷的质量标准(ISO 5817:2003)。EN ISO 6947, Welds Working positions Defini

54、tions of angles of slope and rotation (ISO 6947:1993).EN ISO 6947，焊接工作位置倾斜角度和旋转的定义(ISO 6947:1993)。EN ISO 15607:2003, Specification and qualification of welding procedures for metallic materials General rules (ISO 15607:2003).EN ISO 15607:2003，金属材料焊接方法的规范和规定一般规则(ISO 15607:2003)。CR ISO 15608, Welding

55、Guidelines for a metallic material grouping system (ISO/TR 15608:2000).CR ISO 15608，焊接金属材料分类系统指南(ISO/TR 15608:2000)。prEN ISO 15609-1:2000, Specification and approval of welding procedures for metallic materials Welding procedure specification Part 1: Arc welding (ISO/DIS 15609-1:2000).prEN ISO 15609

56、-1:2000，金属材料焊接方法的规范和认可焊接方法规范第1部分：电弧焊(ISO/DIS 15609-1:2000)。EN ISO 15609-2:2001, Specification and qualification of welding procedures for metallic materials Welding procedure specification Part 2: Gas welding (ISO 15609-2:2001).EN ISO 15609-2:2001，金属材料焊接方法规范和规定焊接方法规范第2部分：气焊(ISO 15609-2:2001)。ISO 857

57、-1, Welding and allied processes Vocabulary Part 1: Metal welding processes.ISO 857-1，焊接和联接工艺词汇第1部分：金属焊接工艺3 Terms and definitions3 术语和定义For the purposes of this European Standard, the terms and definitions given in EN ISO 15607:2003 and the following apply.本欧洲标准适用EN ISO 15607:2003中提出的以及如下的术语和定义。3.1w

58、elder3.1 焊工person who holds and manipulates the electrode holder, welding torch or blowpipe by hand用手持住并操作电焊枪、焊枪或喷焊器的人3.2examiner3.2 主考人person who has been appointed to verify compliance with the applicable standard被指定检查是否符合适用标准的人NOTE In certain cases, an external independent examiner can be require

59、d.注意 在某些情况下，可能需要外部的独立主考人3.3examining body3.3 主考组织organization that has been appointed to verify compliance with the applicable standard被指定检查是否符合适用标准的组织NOTE In certain cases, an external independent examining body can be required.注意 在某些情况下，可能需要外部的独立主考组织3.4backing3.4 衬垫material placed at the reverse s

60、ide of a joint preparation for the purpose of supporting molten weld metal放置于接缝背面承接熔化的焊接金属的物质3.5root run3.5 根部焊道in multi layer welding, the run(s) of the first layer deposited in the root在多层焊接中，位于根部的第一层焊道3.6filling run3.6 填充焊道in multi layer welding, the run(s) deposited after the root run(s) and bef