2020年全国统一高考英语试卷(新课标Ⅰ)(附答案详解)

1、2020 年全国统一高英语试卷（课标 一、阅读理解（本大题共 15 小，共 30.0 ）(2021 湖省常德模拟题)ATrain All travelling in possession of a boarding. For ticket information, at your local station or call While ensure trains run as scheduled, there be guarantee of between trains or between services bus services.Lost property失物招领） 13 17 duri

2、ng hours for lost on Railservices. property office open Monday to to （位于） Roma Street Public On generally Sunday On certain major event days, i.e. sporting cultural additional services operate. Day services a Christmas timetable. Before travel please on 13 12 anytime. stations from the car or statio

3、n For assistance, please call Rail 13 16 Guardian （）第 1 页，共 21 页Depart11:02pmOriginAltandi ValleyRoma StreetDestinationVarsity Varsity Varsity Varsity Arrive12:22am1. What would do ticket informationC. Ask at the B.D.Visit train schedule.2. At can you find the lost office？C.Altandi. B.D.Roma Fortitu

4、de Valley.3. Which if go from Central to Varsity ？B.C.D.11:02pm.(2021 安省合肥月考试)BReturning to a book youve read many times can feel drinks with old sa welcome familarity also suspicion that time ， thus relationshipBut books dont ， do thats what makes act of rereading so rich The of lies in the idea th

5、at our bond with on our registers ， older I get，the more I has wings with ，s about the present now and what contributes to ， is give and Each has to pull There three books I reread The ， I take to reading ，is Ernest Hemingways Moveable Published in 1964s his classic 1920s language is （人陶醉的）an aging

6、writer back an ambitious yet simpler timeAnother Annie Dillards Holy the ， （笔about and nothing third book is Julio Cortzars Save Selected Poemsbecause 第 2 页，共 21 页While I buy a lot books，these three given to me gifts， add meaning I to them I imagine thatwhile indeed wonderful and，rereading an author

7、s work is currency a reader pay The further as But remember，s you that has to grow reread order to friends Why like B.C.D.It evaluates the relationship Its a window to a worlds a substitute for drinking with a It understanding of oneself about book A Moveable ？B.C.D.Its a account of a s about Heming

8、ways life a young s a record of a toric events about Hemingways friends does currency in paragraph 4 refer ？B.RewardC.AllowanceD. value can infer about the text？C.He loves poetrys very ambitiousB.D.s an He teaches reading(2021 安省池州模拟题)C walking fitness with shows, while to fewer It have problem. are

9、 athletes. The track and field Olympics the race walk, is about miles longer marathon. require that a race stay most of one in 接) with all Its strange form race walking such activity, Norberg, an professor of science Salem State in Like running, walking demanding, she According most第 3 页，共 21 页calcu

10、lations, moving at a six miles about (卡路里) per hour, which is approximately twice as they burn walking, fewer than which would probably about 1,0000 or more per hour.However, race walking does body as running does, Dr. Norberg According to her research, runners hit the ground as body weightper step,

11、 do leave the only about 1.4 their body with step. of with running, such as knee, uncommon among strange form place stress the and so people with a of such injuries might want be cautious in the wishing try race walking first a coach or racer to proper she It takes some Why are race walkers conditio

12、ned ？B.C.D. must run distances. are qualified for the marathon. follow are at advantage dose race walking ？B.C.D. more Olympics. physically. more effective in cause knee 10. Dr. for trying ？C.Getting experts Hiring an coach.B.D.Having a medical checkup.Doing regular 11. Which word best describes att

13、itude ？Skeptical.B.Objective.C.Tolerant.D.Conservative.(2021 广省单元测试)DThe between has scientific research.Recent found A in Ohio, for第 4 页，共 21 页example, discovered greener of city experienced less crime. In another,employees were more productive workplaces were with The engineers at the of have take

14、n it a further the of plants in perform diverse, unusual These include plants have leaves to theyre of water and a detect harmful chemicals groundwater. thinking about we replace use every day, Michael Strano, chemical at MIT.One of latest projects been to make 发) using common Stranos team that they

15、 could create light for three-and-a-halfhours. The light, needed to read is start. Strano could one day be used light rooms or turn into self-powered In the future, version of that can plant leaves in a on-off treatment that would the lifetime. engineers are trying develop on and off the glow would

16、fade when Lighting accounts for 7% total in US. Since lighting is from power 电 distance power street on remote lot of energy is transmission 传输) Glowing could reduce this distance and therefore help save 12. first paragraph mainly aboutB.C.D.A new study of A in crime Employees from from green 13. fu

17、nction of on leaves MIT engineers？B.C.D. detect plants lack of water. of make the of plants longer. chemicals in plants.14. can expect of glowing plants the future?第 5 页，共 21 页B.C.D. will electricity home. might help energy could place of power plants.15. Which of the following can best title for th

18、e ？B.C.D. more glowing How live glowing plants? plants replace How glowing plants made 二、阅读七选五（本大题共 5 小，共 10.0 分）(2021 湖省单元测试) Tips for Self-AcceptanceWe all want it to love at times it too farout of reachHeres a handful of ways that will set in the right follow make you feel Why do you ？ that you w

19、ill feel ？ your life is your own；you are only you in world Forgive yourself for mistakes that you have are often our，our mistakes and failures will ，time time Rather caught in how could done ，why offeryourself a compassionate （同情心） responseThat didnt go as ，I tried my Recognize all of Write in to yo

20、ur brain look strength List all of and achievements ， degree you got out of todayNow that youve listed your strengths，list your imperfectionsTurn in yourjournal into why you dont feel good Nowread back to yourself page in journal to of and awesome are？16. upset ？B.C.Where you start？Nothing is small

21、to celebrate第 6 页，共 21 页D.E.G.Remember you are only human an intention for self-acceptance comparing yourself with others does start？17. upset ？B.C.D.E.G.Where you start？Nothing is small to celebrateRememberyou are human an intention for self-acceptance comparing yourself with others does start？18.

22、upset ？B.C.D.E.G.Where you start？Nothing is small to celebrateRemember you are only human an intention for self-acceptance comparing yourself with others does start？19. upset ？B.C.D.E.G.Where you start？Nothing is small to celebrateRemember you are only human an intention for self-acceptance comparin

23、g yourself with others does start？20. upset ？B.C.D.E.G.Where you start？Nothing is small to celebrateRemember you are only human an intention for self-acceptance comparing yourself with others does start？第 7 页，共 21 页三、完形填空（本大题共 20 小，共 30.0 ）(2021 安省池州模拟题) Since our twins began walk, my and I kept tel

24、ling that our sliding door window. The (21) obvious. Ifwe it a want . It will The kids (24) our insisting its a window has kept (26) millions of I lying to day (27) discover that theyve known (28) .I wonder if (29) should always tell the truth the (30) . I verystrong (31) that the telling is doing (

25、32) damage our children. Windows anddoors have metaphorical (喻) Im telling cant absolutely know is door. What if in (34) come a like anopportunity (会) sort, and (35) the they (36) it and What if it isnt a What if it isnta (37) opportunity?Maybe its an unreasonable fear. (38) is I lie to I (39) to No

26、. Then when come to in life, be they they wont open and walk through.3.graduallyresultmerelywin outdreamdemandphysicaltraditionalB.B.B.B.B.B.B.B.B.B.B.B.B.constantly uplietwinsexplanationsimportantC.C.C.C.C.C.C.C.C.C.C.C.C.reasonmethodhardly upfantasydifferencesdesireD.D.D.D.D.D.D.D.D.D.D.D.D.casual

27、lytruthattempting outfactteachersoriginal第 8 页，共 21 页34.B.timeC.replyD.history35.by withB.in C. ofD.instead 9.40.get ofsafety hurryB.B.B.B.B. attypicalcomfort C.C.C.C.C. on linehesitateD.D.D.D.D.make limitedtop accept四、语法填空（本大题共 1 小题共 15.0 分）41. (2021 江省无锡单元测) China first to on the far side of moonT

28、he unmanned Changprobe（测器） the by goddess touch weekin Landing on moons far side （2 extremeBecause the body blocks direct radio communication a ，China satellite in orbit above in a it send and side of （interesting） it has a lot （形山 so （）the familiar sideChinese researchers hope use the instruments o

29、nboard Chang4 （）and study of ， Carle Pieters at ，because it（7 ） have the information about how the moon （8） （construct） about the mooncomposition as how（9ice and other treasures it contains （10 （it for lunar月球的base are 五、短文改错（本大题共 1 小题共 10.0 分）42. (2021 体省单元测试) Today I tried cooking a simply I like

30、frying with eggsand I it easy to mom itFirst I cut tomatoes into put them asideNext I broke into and with After that I into a pan off stoveI unless I put tomatoes eggs into Not that way， my mom to us She was didn turn as I had 六、书面表达（本大题共 1 小题共 25.0 分）第 9 页，共 21 页43. (2021 湖省单元测试你校正在组织英语作文比赛请以身边值得尊敬

31、和爱戴人为题，写一篇短文参赛，内容包括：人物简；尊敬和戴的原因。注意：词数 100 左右；短文题和首句已为你写好。题目： person I respect most第 10 页，共 21 页答案和解析1.【答案】【小题1】【小题2】B【小题3】B【知识点】应用文、语意转化、常生活【解析】【文章大意】本文是列运行信息，失物招领等几则广告的内容。根据第一段的 For information, please your local or call 如了解车票信息，请向当地车站查询或拨打 。可知，想得到票务信息的话，可以询问 当地火车站。故选 C根据 Lost 这部分的 The property off

32、ice open to Friday 7:30am 5:00pm and （于）at Roma 物招领处星期一至星期五每天早上 下午 开位罗马街车站可在马街车站可以找到失物招领处。 故选 根据 Guardian trains （outbound的表格第三行 7:29pmCentralVarsity Lakes 知， 如果你从中环去大学湖，你会坐晚上 7:29 的车。故选 。4.【答案】【小题1】D【小题2】B【小题3】B【小题4】A【知识点】说明文、逻辑推理、习态度和方法、词义猜测第 页，共 21 页【解析【文章大意】本文作者过自己的经历告诉我们读书、重新读以往读过的书的 享受。根据文章第一段

33、But books ， thats the act ofrereading rich and 是书没变，人变。那就是使重新阅读行为如此丰富和富于变化之处第段The beauty in bond with is on our present register It is ， the I get， more I wings新阅读的美妙之处在于我们与作品的联系是基于我们现在的心理状态的我年纪越大，就越觉得时光飞逝。可知，作者喜欢重新阅读是因为重新阅读可以扩展对自己的理 解。结合选项，故选 D根据文章倒数第二段Published in ， his memoir of 1920s Paris及aging

34、 writer looking on an yet time这本书出版于 1964 年这是他关于 20 世 代在巴黎的经典回忆录他年时对那些野心勃勃却更简单的日子的回顾。可知A Feast 是于海明威年轻时的生活。结合选项，故选 B。根据文章第四段But I imagine that indeed wonderful and necessaryrereading an authors work the highest currency reader 但是我想，虽然金钱确实是美好的必要的重作者的作品是读者能够支付给他们的最。 indeed wonderful and ，然金钱确实是美而必要的，可

35、知，前后句为转折关系，根据上下文的语境可推知 an is the currency a can pay them为但是但重新阅读作品是读者能支付给他们的最高 回报，由此判断出划线词的意思回报。结合选项，故选 B。根据文章倒数第二段 third book Julio Cortzars Save selected ，because poetry第本书是胡里奥科塔扎拯救暮光之城诗歌精选因诗歌。 可知，作者是非常喜欢诗歌的，结合选项，故选 A。8.【答案】第 12 页，共 21 页【小题 】C 小题 】D 【题 】A 【题 】【知识点】观点态度、说明文、意转化、健康与生活方式【解析【章大意】本文主要介

36、绍了竞走这一运动的规则、运动强度、优势以及注意 事项。 根据第二段 But rules a stay through mostof the swing foot remain in contact 接触) with the ground at all times.但这项运动的规则要求竞走者的膝盖在摆动腿的大部分时间里保持伸直脚始终与地面接触走运动员是需要具备某些条件的运动员竞需要遵守特殊的规则。 结合选项，故选 C 根据最后一段 of with running, runners knee, uncommon among 可一与跑步有关的损伤，比如跑步膝走运动员中并不常见与跑步相比的优势是不太可

37、能导致膝盖受伤。 故选 D。 根据最后一段中 In fact, anyone wishing to try walking should first acoach or racer to proper technique.（事实上，任何想尝试竞走的人都应该首先咨询教练或有经验的竞走运动员习适当的技巧可Dr. 建 想尝试竞走的人征询专家的建议。故选 A。 根据第一段 walking fitness with shows, while contributing It does, have （研究表明，竞走和跑步一样有很多健身益处它还很少导致受伤也自己的问题由此判断出作者对于竞走的态度是客观的 怀的

38、B.Objective 客的 宽的； 保的。故选 B。【案】【小题1】D【小题2】A【小题3】C【小题4】【知识点段落大意、科技信息发明创新、说明文、标题判断、逻辑推理、语意转化 【解析】【文章大意】本文介绍一种会发光的植物可能代替路灯。 根据第一段中的 A in Ohio, for productive workplaces were decorated with houseplants.知本段主要介绍绿色第 13 页，共 21 页植物的好处。故选 D。 根据第二段中的 These have onto leaves theyre of water and a detect harmful c

39、hemicals groundwater. 可知麻省理工学院工程师在植物子上植入的传感器的功能是检测植物的缺水情况 选 A 根据第三段中的 The Strano said, could day be used to light rooms to self-powered 可知，我们预计这些发光的植物将来可能 有助于减少能源消耗。故选 C。根据全文和第三段中的 One of his has make plants glow 发光) in the rooms turn self-powered 可知章要介绍一种会发光的植物可能代替路灯选 。【案】【小题 】B 【小题 】F 【题 】 【题 】C 小

40、题 】A【知识点】说明文、自我认识与善【解析】【文章大意】文章主要绍了自我接纳的几点建议。 根据上文 But at times it seems and too out of reach但有时这似乎太困难，太遥不可及。此空应该是Where you ？从哪里开始？接下来提出解决方法： handful of ways that will set you in direction这里有一些方法可以帮 你找到正确的方向。故选 B。 根据下文 Do follow the you good Why do you ？不要追随那些让你感觉够好的人，你为什么要追随他们说明这是和别人相比。下文应该是 compar

41、ing yourself with others再拿自己和别人比了故选第 14 页，共 21 页。 根据下文 You will make mistakestime again你有时会犯错。说明上文是 Remember are human记住，你只是人类（所以会犯错）。故选 D 根据上文 You have job， earned your degree， and you got of today有工作到学位天起床了这些都是值得庆祝的事情 项 too celebrate 接，意为：没有什么是太小不值得庆祝的，故选 C。根据上文 Put into why you unworthy why you d

42、ont good Now， back to yourself写下一些词表达你为什么觉得自己不值得，为什么你感觉不够好这些话念给己听文这样做的反应Feeling again？ 又感到不安了？故选 A。【案】【小题1】【小题2】A【小题3】B【小题4】D【小题5】A【小题 】D 【题 】 【题 】 【题 9A 【题 10D【小题 11B 【小题 】 【小题 13B 【小题 14A 【题 15】D【小题16】【小题17】A【小题18】C【小题19】D【小题20】【知识点动词辨析他语析叙文词辨析词辨析我识与完善、 动词短语辨析、形容词词义辨析【解析】【文章大意】作者以现中的门，引申出生活中的“门从而探

43、讨了一种教育理念。 句意：原因是明显的A.relief 安；B.target 目； 原；D.case 情况。根据下文 If we it is a door, theyll to go (3) 可知，作者在下文讲述了 门说成窗户的原因。故选 C。 句意：如果我们承认这是一门，他们就会不断地想出去A.admit 承； 相信；C.mean 味着；D.realize 意识到。根据句意，故选 A第 15 页，共 21 页 句意同上A.gradually 逐地B.constantly 断地C.temporarily 临地随便地。根据下文 window them (6) millions of 可推测出，孩

44、子们会不断地想出去。故选 B 句意子显然知道这个真相A.result 果 危险C.method 方法D.truth真相。根据下文 its a window has kept (6) millions ofrequests to 可知，孩子们无数次要求打开这扇门，可见孩子们是知道真相 的。故选 D。 句意：但是我们坚持说这只一扇窗户，阻止了他们无数次要求打开这扇门的尝试。A.merely 只过；B.slightly 轻地； 几不D.partly 部分地。作者在搪塞孩 子们，所以说它只不过是一扇窗户。故选 A。 句意同上A.reviewing 顾B.approving 成C.receiving 收

45、 尝。根据 millions of door 可，孩子们是想尝打开这扇门。故选 D 句意：有一天他们会开始了真相，并且发现，一直以来，他们所知道的关于窗户的一切都是谎言。A.win 最获得成功；B.give 弃； 来，开始了解真相 站出来出文到作者夫妇对孩子们撒了谎里说终有一天， 孩子们会了解真相。故选 C。 句意同上 想 谎C.fantasy 幻D.fact 事据上文 I lying 可，这里是指他们所知道的关于窗户的一切都是谎言。故选 B 句意：我想知道不管结果如，父母是否应该一直说真话A.parents 父；双胞胎 同 老据下文 were telling (12) our childre

46、n.知，作者是站在父母的立场去讨论这件事。故选 A。10. 句同上。A.restrictions 限；B.explanations 解释C.differences 同，差异；D.consequences 果，结果。根据上.theyll want to go outside (3) 知，旦我说出 真相，孩子们就总想打开门出去，这是说出真相的“后果”。故选 。11. 句：我非常害怕我们所的谎言会对我们的孩子造成心灵上的伤害A.demand 要求；B.fear 害怕 欲； 怀。根据下文 its unreasonable fear. 可知，此处指害怕。故选 B。12. 句同上。A.physical 身

47、的B.biological 生物的 心的；D.behavioral行为的。下文说家长们的撒谎行为会让孩子在面对机会时犹豫不前。由此可知，对孩子 们的心灵造成了伤害。故选 C。13. 句和门有重要的比意义 传的 重的C.double双重的 原的下文 What if later in (14) come a 第 16 页，共 21 页like an opportunity of sort.可知，“窗户”和“门”也以是隐喻的“窗户”和“门”，比如“门”可以是生活中的某种机会，而抓住生活中的机会是很重要的。故选 B。14. 句：如果在以后的生活，他们遇到一个比喻的门，将会怎样，就像某种机会，他们不是打

48、开门，抓住机会，而是凝视着它，想，“如果这不是一扇门呢？ 生活B.time 时间 回D.history 历史下 when they come to other doors in life.知，此处指生活。故选 A15. 句同上 with 与比B.in addition 除之外of 不；D.instead 代，而不是。根据下文 What if it isnt a door?知如果对孩子们 撒谎，孩子们在遇到生活中的门时，就会犹豫，而不是打开门。故选 D。16. 句同上A.get hold of 抓 at 盯 敲击D.make use of 利。根据语境，如果父母撒谎，孩子们就会怀疑自己的判断，即

49、使站在机会的“门”前，也 会犹豫不决，不敢开门，所以 at 最合语境。故选 B。17. 句是果不一个真正的机会呢？ 真的 典的； 相的D.limited 有的。父母撒谎，孩子们面对机会时，就会怀疑自己，不 知道真假。故选 。18. 句：但底线是我不应该我的孩子们撒谎 安全守则B.comfort zone舒适区C.bottom line 底；D.top 绝密。根据 I lie to 可知，这是 作者的底线。故选 C19. 句：我应该接受不停地：“不行，我们现在不能出去。A.delay 推B.regret后悔C.enjoy 享 接。为了阻止孩子们出去，正确的做法不是撒谎，而是 接受不停地劝阻这样的

50、现实，即使非常麻烦。故选 。20. 句：然后当他们遇到生中的其他门时，不管是真实的还是隐喻的，他们都会毫不犹豫地打开门过 忙B.decide 决 犹豫 打算。这里是和上文孩子们在门前犹豫不决，不敢打开门作对比，从而告诉我们，不要对孩子们撒谎，这样孩子们才能相信自己，遇到“门”时才能果断开门，走出去。故选 。 【案】【小题 1【小题 】【小题 】【小题 】【小题 】than【小题 】 find第 17 页，共 21 页【小题 】means【小题 】 constructed【小题 】 【小题 10its【知识点新闻报道、一般过去、一般现在时的被动语态、一般现在时、形容词性物主代词、副词修饰形容词、

51、科技信息与发明创新、必备短语、名词作宾语、关系副词 引导限制性定语从句、不定式作目的状语、形容词作语【解析句意：嫦娥四号探测器上周在月球背面南艾特肯盆地着陆，嫦娥这个名字的灵感来自中国古代的月亮女神本主语是 The unmanned 破折号后面内容是对主语的解释说明，动词短语 down落；着在句子中作谓语，根据 时间状语 last 可，本句应用一般过去时，故填 2.意：在月球的背面着陆是极具挑战性的。空格处所填单词作状语修饰形容词 ，应用所给词的副词形式 极、非常，故填 extremely3.意：由于月球的遮挡，月球背面的探测器不能和地球直接进行无线电通信，中国首先必须在月球上方的轨道上放置一

52、颗卫星，在那里它可以向宇宙飞船和地球发送信号。此处需要一个连接词引导定语从句修饰名词 行词 是示点或场所的名词， 从句中结构完整，关系词作地点状语，应用关系副词 where，填 where4.意：科学家们对月球的背面特别感兴趣，因为它有很多很深的陨石坑，比我们熟悉的正面的陨石坑还要多。空格处单词作介词 of 的宾语，前面又有形容词修饰，应用所给词对应的名词 be+of+抽象名词表示人或物的特征，相当抽名词所 对应的形容。故填 5.意：科学家们对月球的背面特别感兴趣，因为它有很多很深的陨石坑，比我们熟悉的正面的陨石坑还要多空前 more 可应连词 moremore so 比 更是如此，更加这样尤

53、其如此，故填 6.意研究人员希望利用嫦娥四号上的仪器来寻找和研究南艾特肯盆地的区域分析句意可知，此处应用动词不定式作目的状语，故填 find7.意：因为这意味着我们有机会获得关于月球是如何构造的信息。主句中 reallyexcites 语动词用了一般现在时 mean 后面的宾语从句中也用了现在时，此处应与前后时态呼应用一般现在时，结合主语 it为第三人称单数，故填 第 18 页，共 21 页8.意：因为这意味着我们有机会获得关于月球是如何构造的信息 与词construct 之为被动关系，结合本句时态信息，此处应用一般现在时的被动语态，故填 is 9.意：关于月球成分的数据，例如它含有多少冰块和其他宝藏，可以帮助中国决定其未来月球基地的计划是否可行ice块是不可数名词，应用 修饰，故填 句意：关于月球成分的数据，例如它含有多少冰块和其他宝藏，可以帮助中国决定其未来月球基地的计划是否可行。空格处单词作定语修饰名词 ，应用形容词性物 主代词 ，故填 it