高考英语复习之定语从句关系副词的用法讲义

1、新高考-定语从句-关系副词的用法+专项练习定语从句-关系副词的用法 当引导定语从句的关系词在从句中作时间、地点、原因状语时，应使用关系副词when，where，why。关系副词的作用如下：指代表示时间、地点、原因的先行词；在从句中充当句子成分-状语；起连接作用，把主句和定语从句连接起来。（一）关系副词引导定语从句（1） when 引导的定语从句when表示时间，指代先行词并在定语从句中作时间状语，其先行词往往是表示时间的名词，如time，day，week，year等。We will never forget the day when we flew at an altitude of 6,00

2、0 meters in the sky-我们永远忘不了在6000米高空飞行的那一天。【误区警示】 当先行词是时间名词时，定语从句既可用when引导，也可用 that或which 引导，关键看关系词在从句中作何种成分。若关系词在定语从句中作状语，则用when 引导；若关系词在定语从句中作主语或宾语，则用that或which引导。-Do you still remember the days when we chatted with each other all night？-你还记得我们整夜聊天的那些日子吗？（when在从句中作状语）-Do you still remember the days

3、 that/which we spent together on the farm？-你还记得我们在农场一起度过的那些日子吗？（thatwhich在从句中作宾语）（2）where引导的定语从句where表示地点，指代先行词并在定语从句中作地点状语，其先行词往往是表示地点的名词（如place，factory，house，village等）或表示抽象地点的名词（如position，point, case, stage, situation, atmosphere, condition, activity，job等）。-Its helpful to put children in a situati

4、on where they can see themselves differently.-把孩子们放到一个能够让他们从不同角度看待自己的环境中，这对他们有帮助。【误区警示】当先行词是地点名词时，如果关系词在定语从句中作主语或宾语，则用that或which 引导定语从句。-This is the house that/which was built by my grandfather forty years ago-这是我爷爷在40年前建造的房子。（thatwhich在从句中作主语）（3）why引导的定语从句why 表示原因，指代先行词并在定语从句中作原因状语，其先行词只有表示理由的名词rea

5、son。-I dont know the reason why he didnt turn to his good friend for help yesterday.-我不知道昨天他为什么没向他的好朋友求助。【误区警示】若代替先行词reason的关系词在定语从句中不作状语，而是充当主语或宾语，则用 that或which引导定语从句。-I wont believe the reason thatwhich you have given me.-我不会相信你给我的那个理由。（thatwhich在从句中作宾语）（二）关系代词与关系副词的选用定语从句的引导词用关系代词还是关系副词可用以下方法判断：1

6、）-依据：根据从句的谓语。-用法：是及物动词，后面若无宾语，用关系代词；是不及物动词则用关系副词。2）：-依据：根据关系词在从句中作的成分。-用法：若关系词在从句中作主语或宾语，用关,系代词；作状语则用关系副词。1-This is the factory that/which I visited last year.-这是我去年参观过的那家工厂。（visit是及物动词）2-This is the factory where he used to work.-这是他以前工作过的那家工厂。（work是不及物动词）3-Is this the museum that/which was built l

7、ast year?-这就是去年建成的那家博物馆吗？（从句缺主语）4-Is this the museum where the exhibition was held?-这就是举办展览的那家博物馆吗？（从句缺地点状语）（三）where 引导的定语从句与状语从句的区别类别引导定语从句引导状语从句where的作用关系副词从属连词修饰谁前面的地点名词主句或主句谓语动词替换“介词which”能不能从句位置主句中间或主句之后主句之前或主句之后1)：-Is there a shop around where(=in which ) I can blow my bike tyres up？-附近有家店可以让我

8、给我的自行车车胎打气吗？（定语从句）2）：-Where there is a will,there is a way. -有志者，事竟成。（地点状语从句）3）：-We should go where we are needed.-我们应当到需要我们的地方去。（地点状语从句）专项练习一、单句语法填空：1. You have entered into an ageit is not fortune but knowledge that makes you rich.2. Finally, we got to a factorymany mobile phones of high quality w

9、ere produced.3. We will postpone the picnic in the park until next week,_ the weather may be better.4. When I arrived, my friend took me to see the flat_ I would be staying.5. The reason_he explained at the meeting sounds professional. 6. I didnt experience such an adventure until the fifth grade,_I

10、 was an innocent child.7. It was in the village_he once lived that he got his junior education.8. Nowadays people are more concerned about the environment_they live.9. It is generally believed that the earth is not likely to be the only planet_life has developed gradually. 10. The pilot is a challen

11、ging jobyou need to be calm at all times.二、合并句子：1. The house has been pulled down. He lived in the house eight years ago.-The househas been pulled down.2. Do you remember the days? On those days we played together.-Do you remember the days_?3. The reason is unknown. He lost heart. -The reasonis unkn

12、own.4. Well go to see the famous singer. We have often talked about the famous singer.-Well go to see the famous singer_.5. The man is my friend. You talked with the man. -The manis my friend.三、用适当的关系代词或关系副词完成短文：California， 1official nickname is the Golden State, is one of the fastest growing states

13、 in the United States. The first people 2explored and settled in California were the Spaniards, 3gave Spanish names to its two great cities, Los Angeles and San Francisco. 1849 was the year 4Americans came and it was also the time 5gold was discovered.The reason 6the men 7made movies came to Califor

14、nia was 8the weather here was fine. The sun allowed them to take pictures outdoors nearly every day in the year. Hollywood, 9lies in the northwestern part of the city of Los Angeles, became the movie capital of the world. When oil was discovered, people came to work in the oil field. World War II was the period 10many large airplane factories were built in California.参考答案：一、1.when 2.where 3.when 4.where 5.that/which6.when 7.where 8.where 9.wh