苏教牛津译林9AU2宾语从句语法资料

1、一、宾语从句概念：宾语从句：句子在句中作及物动词的宾语，或介词的宾语，或形容词的宾语。I like my teacher.（名词作宾语 )I enjoy playing basketball.(动名词作宾语）I decide to study hard（.不定式作宾语）I know Mr. Li . （代词作宾语）Im surprised at meeting you here.动(名词作宾语 )Im glad to meet you here.不(定式作宾语 )Im surprised at what you have done(句子作宾语 )Im glad that I can meet

2、you here.句(子作宾语 )I like what I do. ( 句子作宾语）I know Mr. Li teaches English. (句子作宾语）She asked if the answer was right.句(子作宾语）二、宾语从句三要素 (1) 连接词(2) 语序 (3)时态（一）宾语从句的连接词根据引导宾语从句的不同连词，宾语从句可分为三类。(1)that 引导(2)if/whether引导(3)连接代词whowhom连接副词whenwhywhose wherewhathowwhich一 )that 引导的宾语从句宾语从句是指一个句子充当宾语，在主句与从句之间有一个

3、引导词。1 These flowers are from Guangdong. He says.He says_ these flowers are from Guangdong.2.Light travels faster than sound. He tells.He tells me _ light travels faster than sound.3 There will be a meeting in five days. Jack doesn t know.Jack doesn t know _ therewill be a meeting in five days.A引导词本身

4、的省略与不省略1that 可以省略连词 that 引导宾语从句，只起连接主、从句的作用，它本身无意义，在口语或非正式文体中常省略。如：He says( that) he is a Young Pioneer. 他说他是个少先队员。2that 不可以省略(1)从句的主语是 that 时， that 不省略。如：We know that that is an interesting story.我们知道那是一个有趣的故事。that 引导的宾语从句中若再有复合句时， that 不能省略。如：I think that if you have lost the library book, you mus

5、t pay for it我认为如果你已把图书馆的书丢失了，你就必须赔偿。(3)主、从句之间有插入语时，that 不能省略。如：It says here, in the newspaper, that English is getting more and more important.报纸上写着，英语正变得越来越重要。B何时使用 that 引导的宾语从句that 引导的宾语从句，表示陈述一件事，即由陈述句转化而来。如：He says( that) he is listening to the weather report.他说他正在听天气预报。1主句的谓语动词是think ， hear， ho

6、pe， wish， remember ， forget ，know ，say，guess等时，常接 that 引导的宾语从句。 如：I hope( that) he will be fine soon.我希望他很快好起来。主句由 “连系动词 +形容词 ”构成的 “系表 ”结构，常接 that 引导的宾语从句。这类形容词多表示感情，如 happy ， glad， pleased， sad，sure， afraid 等等。如：Im afraid( that) he cant come恐怕他不能来了。)if 和 whether 引导的宾语从句1何时使用 if 或 whether 引导的宾语从句if

7、或 whether 引导宾语从句时，作 “是否 ”讲，常放在动、词ask， see， say，don t know， wonder, doubt 和 find out 等后面。一般情况下，两者常可换用，在口语中多用 if 。如：Nobody knows whether( if) it will rain tomorrow.没有人知道明天是否下雨。1 Can they speak French? I want to know.I want to know _ they can speak French.2 Are the children playing games? I wonder.I wo

8、nder _ the children are playing games.3.Was the watch made in Shanghai? I dont know.I dont know _ the watch was made in Shanghai.4. I wonder. Is there anything wrong?I wonder _there is_wrong.2if 和 whether 的区别：(1)在动词不定式之前 只能用 whether。如：I cant decide whether to stay.我不能决定是否留下。(2)在 whetheror not 的固定搭配中

9、。如：1 want to know whether its good news or not.我想知道是否是好消息。(3)在介词后 ，只能用 whether。如：His father is worried about whether he loses his work.他的父亲担心是否会失去工作。(4)宾语从句放在句首 表示强调时，只能用whether。如：Whether they can finish the work on time is still a problem.他们是否能准时完成这项工作还是个问题。(5)用 if 会引起歧义时，只用whether 。 如：Could you te

10、ll me if you know the answer?这句话有两种意思： “你能告诉我是否知道答案吗？ ”或 “如果你知道答案，请告诉我，好吗？ ”。如用whether 可避免歧义。1.They dont know _ to go or wait. (if, whether)2. We are talking about _ we ll go backrow.tomor(whether, if)()3. I dont know _ they have passed the exam.A. whatB. ifC. whenD. where()4. I want to know _ its g

11、ood news or not.A.thatB.whetherC. ifD.which()5.I am not interested in_he is crazy about football.A.ifB. thatC. whetherD. which三）由连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which和连接副词 when, where, why,how 引导的宾语从句。 这些连接代词和连接副词在宾语从句中充当某个成分，具有一定的意义，不可省略。例：He asked who could answer the question/which was the best way t

12、o the museum?Do you know whom they are waiting for?He asked whose bike was the best in the class4) Do you know when we ll have a meeting？Please tell me where he is?Can you tell me how I can get to the station?Could you tell me why the train is late.1 How many people can you see in the picture? Who k

13、nows?Who knows _ _ _ you can see in the picture?2 Where did she park her car? Do you know?Do you know _ she parked her car?3 What does he often talk about? The girl wondered.The girl wondered _ he often talked about.4 Who knocked at the door so loudly? I don t know.I don t know _ _ at the door so lo

14、udly.Jim told me _ he didnt go fishing yesterday afternoon（.how, why）Do you know _ else is going to be on duty today？（ who, whom）I really dont know _ the bridge will be finished.（how long, how soon）二、语序无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句，宾语从句都必须使用陈述语序，即“主句连词宾语从句（主语谓语） ”句式。根据连接词在从句中所担任的不同成分，可分为以下四种：1）连接词谓语。连接词在从句中作主语。常见的连

15、接词有： who，what， which 等。如：Could you tell me who knows the answer，please？你能告诉我谁知道答案吗？The small children dont know what is in their stockings这些小孩子不知道袜子里有什么东西？2）连接词名词谓语。 连接词在从句中作主语的定语。常见的连接词有：whose，what， which，how many，how much 等。如：He asked whose handwriting was the best in our class他问我们班上谁的书法最好。The tea

16、cher asked us how many people there were in the room老师问我们房间里有多少人。3）连接词主语谓语。连接词在从句中作宾语、状语或表语。常见的连接词有： who（m）， what，which ，how many， how much， when，why， how，where， if whether（在句中不充当任何成分）等。如：He hasnt decided if hell go on a trip to Wuxi他还没决定是否去无锡旅行。Could you tell me what I should do with the money ？你能告

17、诉我我如何处理这笔钱吗？4）连接词名词主语谓语。连接词在从句中作宾语或表语的定语。常见的连接词有： what，which， how many， how much，how 等。如：Do you know which class he is in ？你知道他在哪个班吗？She asked me if I knew whose pen it was她问我是否知道这是谁的钢笔。1 How many people can you see in the picture? Who knows?Who knows _ _ _ _ _ _in the picture?2 Where does she park

18、her car? Do you know?Do you know _ _ _ her car?3 What does he often talk about? The girl wonders.The girl wonders _ _ _ _ _.4 Who knocked at the door so loudly? I don t know.I don t know _ _ at the door so loudly.Jim told me .Why Jim didnt go fishing yesterday afternoon?Who else is going to be on du

19、ty today？Do you know.思考：I really dont know _ the bridge will be finished.（how long, how soon）8. I dontknow _ it is from school to my home.(how long; how far)三、时态that 引导的宾语从句， 主句用一般现在时 ，从句可以用符合句意要求的 任一时态 。如： He says( that) they have returned already. 他说他们已经回来了。He says they will go abroad this weekend

20、. 如果主句用一般过去时，从句要用过去时态的某种形式（一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时），即 主过从过 。如：He said( that) he bought a new dictionary.他说他买了本新词典。He said that he would bought a new dictionary. 如果从句表达的是客观事实、真理、自然现象、名言、警句、格言、谚语等等，尽管主句用一般过去时，从句仍用一般现在时。 如：He said that time is life他说时间就是生命。He said the sun rises from the east.She told u

21、s light travels fast than sound.1 These flowers are from Guangdong. He says.He says_ these flowers _ _ Guangdong.拓展：He said_these flowers_ _Guangdong.2.Light travels faster than sound. He tells.He tells me_.拓展：He told me_.3 There will be a meeting in five days. Jack doesn t know.Jack doesn t know _

22、there _ _ a meeting in five days.拓展：Jack didn t know_there _ _ a meeting in five days.4.These flowers were from Guangdong. He said.He said _.拓展：He says_.宾语从句专项练习1.连接词角度() 1 Can you tell me_ you were born, Betty?A. whoB. whatC. whenD. that() 2 I dont know _ they have passed the exam.A. whatB. ifC. wh

23、enD. where() 3 I hardly understand _ he has told me.A. thatB. whatC. whichD. who() 4 She didnt know_ back soon.A. whether he would beB. if would he be C. he will be D.whether wouldhe be() 5 I dont know _ he still lives here after so many years.A. whetherB whereC. whatD. when() 6 Do you know _ they l

24、istened to yesterday evening?A. whatB whenC whyD how() 7 He asked me _told me the accident.A whomB whichC whoD whose() 8.They dont know _their parents are.A thatB whatC whyD which2.陈述句语序角度() 1.Please tell me _ last year.A. where does your sister work B where did your sister workC where your sister w

25、orksD where your sister worked() 2.She asked me if I knew _.A. whose pen is itB. whose pen it wasC. whose pen it isD. whose pen was it() 3. You must remember _.A. what your mother saidB. what did your mother sayC. your mother said whatD. what has your mother said() 4. Did you know _?A. who he was lo

26、oking afterB. who was he looking forC. who he is looking forD. who he is looking after()5. Could you tell me _?A. when will they leave BeijingB. when would they leave BeijingC. when they will leave BeijingD. when did they leave Beijing时态一致性() 1 The girls asked if they _ some food and drink with them

27、.A. tookB. takeC. takesD. will take() 2 Catherine said that she _ to Guangzhou.A. has never goneB. had never goneC. has never beenD. had never been() 3 The students want to know whether they_ dictation today.A. hadB. has .C. will haveD. are() 4 She asked Linda if_ go and get some.A. could sheB. she

28、couldC. she canD. she may() 5 Linda said the moon_ round the earth.A. travelledB. has travelledC. travelsD. had travelled当堂检测一、单项选择() 1.- I think this is the best movie of the year.-I am not sure _ you are right. Anyway, the ending is OK.A. thatB. weatherC. ifD. of()2.The teacher asked Lucy _.A. whe

29、re she comes fromB. what did she like bestC. if she could speak ChineseD. when was she born()3.I don t knowor not he will come. _ he comes,I ll tell you.A.if, Whether B. whether, WhetherC. if, If D. whether, If()4.-What did your teacher say this morning?-She told me _.A.why was Tom late for school B

30、.whether we had too much homeworkC.how she did come to schoolD. that we would have a test soon()5. Could you tell me _ a concert next week?A.if there was going to beB. whether is there going to beC. if there is going to beD. whether there is going to have()6.Which of the following sentences is right

31、?A.I m not sure that he will give back the money.B.If you like it or not, I m taking you to the doctor.C.He asked me if or not I wanted to playD.Im not sure if Im pronouncing his name correctly.)7.Which of the following sentences is Right?A.I m not sure that he will come back in 2 days.B.Can you tel

32、l me which is the way to the hospital.C.He asked me what I will do the next dayD.I am not interested in if he is crazy about football.二、将下面的句子连接成为含有宾语从句的复合句1. Whats his name? I asked him.I asked him _ _ _ _.2. When does the train arrive? Please tell me.Please tell me _ _ _ _.3. Do they want fried ch

33、icken? He asked the boys.He asked the boys _ _ _ fried chicken.4. Was the watch made in Shanghai? I dont know.I dont know _ the watch _ made in Shanghai.5 How many people can you see in the picture? Who knew?Who knew _ _ _ _ _ _in the picture?6 There will be a meeting in five days. Jack didn t know.

34、Jack didn t know _ there _ _ a meeting in five days.7 Have you finished your homework yet? Mr. Zhao asked Ma Gang.Mr. Zhao asked Ma Gang _ _ _ _ _ homework yet.8. Who else is going to be on duty today？Do you know.Do you know_.9 Which bag do you like better? I don t know.I don t know_.10.What is on t

35、he table? I wondered.I wondered_.三、用所给动词的正确形式填空。We are sure that he _ (go) to school tomorrow.Do you know who _ (be) the first man to walk on the moon?Could you tell me where the post office _ (is)?Our father said that he _ (will) buy a new computer.I hear that he _ (swim) in the sea yesterday.The l

36、ittle boy tells us where his father _ (work).He said that he _ (finish) his work already.They thought they could _ (hike) to the top of the mountain.He was glad that so many people _ (help) him.She doesn t know whether _ (go) or wait.宾语从句专题练习()1. Do you know _ during the coming summer holiday?A. wha

37、t will Tom doB. what did Tom doC. what Tom will doD. what Tom did)2. I want to know_.A. what is his nameB. what his nameC. that his name isD. what his name is)3. Do you know _ I could pass the exam?A. thatB. whetherC. whatD. which()4. Jim doesn t understand _.A. which is the way to the museumB. why

38、his wife always goes shoppingC. what is the way to the museumD. why does she always go shopping()5. -Could you tell me _ she is looking for?A. thatB. whoseC. whoD. which()6. Mr. King didn t know _ yesterday evening.A. when does his son come homeB. when his son comes homeC. when did his son come home

39、D. when his son came home()7. Could you tell me _ the bike this morning?A. how does he mendB. how he mendsC. how he mendedD. how did he mend()8. - I m waiting for the mail. Do you know _ it will arrive?-Usually it comes by 4: 00.A. howB. whereC. whenD. what()9. -Excuse me, would you please tell me _

40、?-Certainly. Go straight along here. It s next to a hospital.A. how we can get to the post officeB. how can we get to the post officeC. how get to the post officeD. how could we get to the post office()10. -Can I help you?-Yes. I d like a ticket to Mount Emei. Can you tell me _ take to getthere?A. h

41、ow soon will itB. how soon it willC. how long it willD. how long will it()11. He wanted to know _.A. whether he speaks at the meetingB. when the meeting would startC. what he sgoing to do at the meeting D. where would the meeting be held()12. -Could you tell me _ the Bamboo Garden?-The day after tom

42、orrow, I think.A. when will you visitB. when you will visitC. when would you visitD. when you would visit()13. Would you please tell me _ next, Mr Wang?A. what should we doB. we should do whatC. what we should doD. should we do what()14. You canimaginet _ when they received these nice Christmasprese

43、nts.A. how they were excitedB. how excited they wereC. how excited were theyD. they were how excited()15. I want to know _ you will come back at 8:00 tomorrow.A. thatB. whenC. whereD. whether()16. -Could you tell me _?-Sorry, I don t know. I was not at the meeting.A. what does he say at the meetingB

44、. what did he say at the meetingC. what he says at the meetingD. what he said at the meeting()17. -Could you tell me _ last night?- Er, I was watching TV at home.A. what you were doingB. what were you doingC. what you are doingD. what are you doing()18. The teacher asked the students _.A. if they we

45、re interested in dinosaursB. when was Albert Einstein bornC. what they will do with the computersD. how many trees they have planted()19. Every morning the patients are asked if _ their temperature taken.A. they had hadB. have they hadC. they have hadD. had they had()20. It s up to you to decide _ y

46、ou ll go there, by air or by road.A. howB. whyC. thatD. when()21.He asked me _ we could go to Beijing to watch the game byplane.A. thatB. ifC. howD. what()22. -Excuse me. Could you tell me _?-Yes. There is a video shop next to the tall building.A. where can I buy some CDsB. where I can buy some CDsC

47、. when can I buy some CDsD. when I can buy some CDs()23. I don tnowk if my uncle _. If he _, I will be very happy.A. comes; will comeB. will come; will comeC. comes; comesD. will come; comes()24. My physics teacher said that light _ faster than sound.A. travelB. travelsC. traveledD.travelled()25. Yo

48、u are growing so fast. Can you tell me _ now?A. how fast are youB. how fast you areC. how tall are youD. how tall you are()26. -Excuse me, could you tell me _?-Certainly. Go straight ahead and you ll see it on your left.A. where the post office isB. when you will visit the museumC. where is the post

49、 officeD. when will you visit the museum()27. I wanted to know _, but no one would like to tell me.A. what did the old man sayB. what the old man needC. what did the old man wantD. what the old man meant()28. July didn t know_.A. where is Tim s fatherB. when was the first watch madeC. who the old ma

50、n isD. what was wrong with her watch()29. -Do you think _ a concert in our school hall this weekend?-Yes, there will.A. there will haveB. there will beC. will there beD. will there have()30.-Could you please tell me _?- It s next to the hotel.A. where is the museum B. the museum is where C. where th

51、e museum is()31. -Do you know _ for Shanghai last night?-At 9:00A. what time he leavesB. what time does he leaveC. what time he leftD. what time did he leave()32.-Do you know _ last night?-Sorry, I don t know. But I think he should go to bed early because he willhave an English exam this afternoon.A

52、. when he goes to bedB. when he went to bed C. when did he go to bed()33. -We don t know _.-It is said that he was born in Canada.A. what he isB. where he was bornC. where he comes fromD. if he lives here()33. Your T-shirt is so cool. Could you tell me _?A. where you buy itB. where do you buy itC. w

53、here you bought itD. where did you buy it()34.-Excuse me .Could you tell me_ I can get to the Space Museum?-Of course. You can take bus No.1.A. whereB. howC. ifD. why()35.-Do you know _the new mobile phone last week?-Maybe 900 yuan. I m not quite sure.A.how much she paid forB.how much will she pay f

54、orC.how much did she pay forD.how much she will pay for()36. Mi chael Jordan has failed over and over again in his life.And thatsucceeds .A. whatB. whenC. whyD. where()37. -Do you know _the girl in red is?- I m not sure. Maybe ateacher. s _A. whenB. howC. whereD. what()38.I want to know _.A. when we

55、 should arrive at the airportB. when should we arrive at the airportC. when the airport we should arrive atD. when the airport should we arrive at()39. -Would you please tell me _?-At 10:00 this evening.A. when will the train leaveB. when the train will leaveC. when does the train leaveD.when did th

56、e train leave()40.-Could you tell me_?-Fill in this form and I will give you acard.A. how I can meet CathyB. where I can meet CathyC. when I can meet CathyD.where can I meet Cathy()41. -Do you know _ the man with sunglasses is?-I m not sure. Maybe a reporter.A. whoB. whatC. whereD. how()42.-Tommy, d

57、o you know if Frank _ to the zoo this Sunday ifit_?-Sorry, I have no idea.(A. will go; is fineB. goes; is fineC. will go; is going to be fineD. goes; will be fine)43. No one can be sure_ in a million years.A. what man looks likeB. what will man look likeC. what man looked likeD. what man will look l

58、ike)44. Sue told me that she _ shopping with her sister the next day.A. will goB. would goC. goesD. has gone)45. The new-designed car is on show now. I wonder _.A. how much it costB. how much did it costC. how much it costsD. how much does it cost)46. -When do you think _?-About half past five. I wi

59、ll pick him up at the airport.A. he will comeB. will he comeC. did he comeD. he came)47. Our teacher told us the sun _ in the east.A. riseB. roseC. risingD. rises)48. -Listen! It is still noisy in the head teacher s office.-Go and see _ they have finished correcting the papers yet.A. thoughB. whethe

60、rC. unlessD. while)49. -What time will Mr. Brown be back to China?-Sorry. I don t know _.A. when did he go abroadB. why he is going abroadC. how soon will he be backD. how long he will stay abroad)50.-Do you know _ the man with sunglasses is?-I m not sure. Maybe a reporter.A. whoB. whatC. whereD.whe