新目标八年级上册 Units 1-2

1、Units 1-2人教版八年级上册1. _ v. & n. 尝试；设法；努力2. _ n. 结果；后果3. _ conj. 虽然；尽管；即使4. _ prep. 以；凭借；穿过5. _ adv. 在一起；共同6. _ adv. 然而；不过7. _ n. 得分；点 v. 指；指向tryresultalthoughthroughtogetherhoweverpoint8. _ adj. 精彩的；绝妙的 _ v. 想要知道9. _ n. 活动 _ (pl.) 名词复数10. _ v. 决定；抉择 _ n. 决定；抉择wonderfulactivitywonderactivitiesdecidedec

2、ision11. _ n. 建筑物；房子 _ v. 修建，建立12. _ n. 差别；差异；区别 _ adj. 不同的 _ adv.不同地 _ (反义词) adj.同一的；相同的 13. _ adj.&pron. 不多；很少（可数） _ adj.&pron.不多；很少（不可数）buildingbuilddifferencedifferentdifferentlysamefewlittle14. _ adj. 有乐趣的；令人愉快的 _ v. 享受；喜欢15. _ n. 商人 _v. & n. 贸易；交易；经商16. _ n. 顶部；表面 _ (反义词) n. 底部17. _ n. 健康 _ ad

3、j. 健康的 _ adv.健康地 _ (反义词) adj.不健康的enjoyenjoyabletradertradetopbottomhealthilyhealthyhealthunhealthy18. _ adj. 饥饿的 _ n. 饥饿19. _ v.&n. 不喜爱；厌恶（的事物） _ v.&n. 喜爱；喜欢（的事物）20. _ adv. 两次；两倍 _ num. （基数词） _ adv. 一次；曾经21. _ adv. adj. & pron. (最高级) 最少(的) _ adj. & pron. 原级，少的 _ (比较级) 更少(的)hungryhungerdislikeliketwi

4、cetwoonceleastlittleless22. _ v. 消失；灭亡；死亡 _ n. 死；死亡 _ adj. 死的；失去生命的23. _ adv. 几乎；差不多 _ adv. 几乎不；几乎没有diedeathdeadalmosthardly1. _ 到达2. _ 至少；不少于；起码3. _ 坏/好习惯4. _ 因为5. _对有好处6. _ 决定做某事7. _ 吃健康的早餐8. _ 给的感觉；感受到9. _去野营/逛商店；购物at leastbad / good habitsbecause ofbe good fordecide to do sth.feel likego camping

5、 / shoppingarrive ineat a healthy breakfast 10. _上网11. _去夏令营12. _ 去海滩/爬山13. _去看牙医14. _几乎从不15. _上钢琴课16. _帮忙做家务17. _在过去go onlinego to summer campgo to the beach/ mountainsgo to the dentisthardly everhave piano lessonshelp with houseworkin the past18. _垃圾食品19. _记日记20. _继续做某事21. _少于22. _看地图23. _多于24. _大

6、部分时间25. _当然；自然26. _ 旧习难改27. _相当多；不少junk foodkeep a diarykeep doing sth.less thanlook at the mapmore thanmost of the timeof coursequite a fewOld habits die hard.29. _备考30. _例如；像这样31. _摇摆舞32. _洗牙33. _ 这个问题的答案34. _山顶35. _尝试做某事36. _一周两次37. _等候；等待study for testssuch asswing danceteeth cleaningthe answer

7、to the questionthe top of the hilltry doing sth.twice a weekwait for28. _待在家stay at home1. Where did . go on vacation? . went to . 去哪儿度假了？ 去了。2. How do / does . like .? 觉得怎么样？3. There is / was nothing (much) to do but do sth. 除了做外，没有什么可做的。4. . feel(s) like (that) . 感觉像5. I wonder . 我想知道6. What do /

8、does . usually do on weekends? 周末通常做什么？7. How often do/does . watch TV?多久看一次电视？8. . be surprised that . 惊讶9. The best way to do sth. is through . 做某事的最佳方式是通过10. Do sth. before its too late.尽早做某事。seem v. 好像；似乎；看来【归纳】It seems+ that 看来seem to do sth. 似乎做某事seem (+to be) +adj. 看上去seem like 好像/似乎seem【语境应用

9、】完成句子。1) 今天他似乎很不高兴。 He _ _ _ today.2) 她似乎是个聪明的女孩。 She _ _ _ _.3) 安娜似乎不太喜欢这个主意。 Anna doesnt _ _ _ the idea.4) 看来他们没有赶上火车。 _ _ _ they didnt catch the train.seems quite unhappyseems a clever girlseem to likeIt seemed that2. enough 【归纳】enoughadv. 足够地；充分地。置被修饰词后。. enough to .足够可以adj. 足够的；充足的置名词前后均可。【语境应用

10、】完成句子。1) 我们有足够的书给这些孩子们。 We have _ _ for the children.2) 这个房间足够大，可以容纳二十个人。 The room is _ _ to hold 20 people.3) 我们离开得不够早。 We didnt leave _ _.enough booksbig/large enoughearly enough/books enough3. decide【归纳】n. decision make a decision 做决定decide to do sth. 决定做某事decide v. 决定decide on/upon (doing) sth.

11、决定做某事decide + 宾语从句decide + 特殊疑问词+ to do【语境应用】完成句子。1. 我还没决定如何到达山顶。I havent decided _ _ _ to the top of the mountain.2. 他们每个人都决定做一个报告。Each of them _ _ _ a talk.3. 你们对去长城旅游的事作出决定了吗？Have you _ _ the trip to the Great Wall? how to get decided to give decided on4. try 【归纳】tryn. 尝试；设法；努力 have a try 试一试v. t

12、ry to do sth. 努力做某事try doing sth. 尝试做某事try on 试穿 try out 试验try ones best to do sth. 【语境应用】 用try的短语填空。1) I went to the tailors to _ my new suit.2) Lets _ your method. It seems very good.3) I think you should _ to improve your English.4) That man _ up, but he fell again.try ontry outtry your best try

13、to stand单项选择 (2020江苏南通中考)Hello! This is Kevin speaking. May I speak to Mr Cao?Please _. Ill put you through.A. come onB. move on C. hold on D. try onC 5. although 【归纳】虽然；尽管；即使，引导让步状语从句。although与but不能用在同一句中。although conj.【语境应用】单项选择。_ Bob is very tall, _ he cant play basketball.A. / ; but B. Although;

14、 butC. Because; so D. / ; although6. hardly adv. 几乎不；几乎没有 表否定意义。 hardly ever 几乎不【注意】hardly并非hard的副词形式。hardlyadv. 几乎不表否定hardadj. 困难的；硬的；辛苦的adv. 努力地；强烈地【语境应用】用hard/hardly完成句子。 1) The question is too _ for me to answer. 2) Tims sister studies _ at school. 3) It is snowing _ outside. You had better stay

15、 at home. 4) John, could you speak loudly? I can _ hear you. Sorry, I will.hardhardhardhardly1. How was your trip to the British Museum? I could _ speak English and was completely silent during the visit. (2020辽宁营口) A. hardlyB. always C. usuallyD. often2. It took me nearly two days to make the vlog.

16、I cant wait to watch it. (2020广东深圳中考) A. hardly B. probably C. almostAC单项选择词条意义用法few很少；几乎没有表否定，修饰可数名词复数。a few几个；一些表肯定，修饰可数名词复数。little很少；几乎没有表否定，修饰不可数名词。a little一点；一些表肯定，修饰不可数名词。few, a few, little与a little7. few adj. & pron. 不多；很少【语境应用】用few/a few/little/a little完成句子。1) There is _ juice in the bottle.

17、 Please go and buy some at once.2) Well done! There are _ mistakes in your homework today. 3) Some doctors arrived _ minutes later. 4) Come in and have _ coffee.littlefewa fewa little8. health 【归纳】n. 健康；人的身体（或精神）状态in good/poor health身体健康/不健康healthhealthy adj. 健康的 keep/ stay healthy unhealthy adj. 不健

18、康的healthily adv. 健康地【语境应用】完成句子。We should keep_(health, healthy) by eating well and exercising.2) Tina always eats junk food. She has a / an _ (healthy, unhealthy) eating habit.healthyunhealthy9. die【归纳】die vi. 消失；灭亡；死亡dead adj. 死的；死亡的alive adj. 活着的death n. 死亡；逝世【注意】die是短暂性动词，不能和时间段搭配。“死了多长时间”用be dea

19、d。【语境应用】1) 根据汉语意思完成句子。 他叔叔十年前去世的。 His uncle _ 10 years _.2) 单项填空。 Premier Zhou Enlai _ for many years; he still lives in the hearts of Chinese people. A. died B. was died C. has been died D. has been deaddied ago【拓展】die短语die out 逐渐消失；灭绝die away (声音/光/风等)变弱，逐渐消失或停止die down 变弱，逐渐消失或停止； (激动的心情)平静die fr

20、om / of 因而死 【语境应用】 用die短语填空。1) Do you know how many years ago dinosaurs _? 2) More and more people _ cancer. What has happened to the world? 3) Although the wind has _, it is still cold outside. died outdie fromdied down/away 10. mind n. 头脑；心智 【熟词生义】 n. 思想； 想法 v. 介意； 关心mind keep sth. in mind 记住 chan

21、ge ones mind 改变某人的想法 never mind 不要紧；没关系 make up ones mind to do sth. 下定决心做某事 mind (doing) sth. 介意(做)某事 Would you mind sb./ones doing sth? 你介意某人做某事吗？ mind you own business 管好你自己的事。【语境应用】单项选择1. Would you mind changing this coat for a larger one? It doesnt fit my son well._. I will change it for your s

22、on right now.A. Better not B. Certainly notC. Im afraid so D. Im sorry I cant 2. Her parents live a very hard life, so the girl makes up her mind _ hard to change this situation.A. study B. studied C. to study D. studyingBC3. Pay no attention to those who laugh at you. What _ most is how you see you

23、rself. (2020新疆中考)A. drinks B. matters C. cares D. mindsB11. through prep. 以；凭借；穿过across, through & past词条相同点不同点 across都可以作介词，都可以表示“穿过”强调“横过”，从物体表面的一边到另一边 through“穿过；透过”，表示从物体内部或空间穿过 past“从旁边经过，走过”【语境应用】用through/across完成句子。1) Go _ the bridge and turn left.2) The group walked _ the forests.3) Lin Tao

24、walked _ the hall and went into the library.4) The man swam _ the Yangtze River last year.acrossthroughacrossthroughbe good for . 对有好处 be good with . 善于应付 be good at . 擅长于【语境应用】介词填空。1) English is my favorite subject, and I am good _ it.2) Fresh fruit and vegetables are good _ you.3) My mom is good _

25、 old people.atforwith2. because of 因为，由于 介词短语，后可跟名词、代词或动词-ing形式。 because conj. 后跟句子，构成原因状语从句。【语境应用】用because和because of填空。1) Jane didnt go to school _ her illness.2) I close the windows _ the wind is blowing strongly.3) They are here _ us.because ofbecausebecause of3. stay up 熬夜 【拓展】 up短语 bring up 抚养

26、 give up 放弃 grow up 长大 look up 查阅 put up 搭起；张贴 set up 成立 turn up 开大；调高 wake up 吵醒【语境应用】单项选择。You seem tired. Whats wrong?I _ to study for my English test last night. (2020辽宁丹东中考) picked upB. woke upC. cheered upD. stayed up4. how often/how long/how soon/how far词条意思答语how often“多久一次”，表频率always, usually

27、, often, sometimes, twice a week, never, hardly everhow long“多长时间”“多长”for two days, since one hours ago; three meters longhow soon“多久之后”in+段时间how far“多远”ten kilometers【语境应用】完成句子。1) _ do you go and visit your grandparents? Once a week. 2) Could you tell me _ it is from here to the science museum? Its

28、 about half an hours walk. 3) Rita, your Chinese is very good. _ have you been in China? Since I was five.4) Can you tell me_you can beready? 你能告诉我你多久能准备好吗？How oftenhowsoonhow farHow long1. Its + adj. (for sb.) to do sth. (对某人来说)做某事（形容词用来描述to do sth） 此句中的it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的to do sth. Its difficult (fo

29、r me) to play the game. 【语境应用】单项选择。 Dale is smart. Its easy for him _ to drive. A. learns B. to learn C. learning2. Did you go out with anyone? 你和别人出去了吗？ 行为动词一般过去时的一般疑问句，需借助动词did, 并提前，其后用动词原形。 Did you go to the museum last week? Yes, we did.3. I wonder what life was like here in the past. 我想知道这里过去的生

30、活是什么样子的。 含宾语从句的复合句，what life was like here in the past是宾语从句，作wonder的宾语。宾语从句要用陈述句。 We all want to know where he comes from.【语境应用】单项选择。Can you tell me _ to London?Sure. Next month.A. when you will travel B. when will you travelC. when you traveled D. when did you travel4. What a difference a day makes

31、! 一天的差异真大啊！ 感叹句。中心词是名词difference，用what引导。 若感叹词的中心词是形容词或副词，用how引导。 What big apples (these are)! What sweet soup (that is)! How clever the girl is! How fast Jim is running!【语境应用】单项选择。1) _ important it is for kids to imagine freely! A. What B. What a C. What an D. How2) Jane Zhang is going to hold a co

32、ncert here in July. Really? _ exciting news! A. How B. What an C. What不指明代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词叫做不定代词。不定代词 some somebody someone something any anybody anyone anything no nobody no one nothing all both none neither either each every everybody everyone everything others another much many few a few little a l

33、ittle onesome/any 一些。既可代替或修饰可数名词复数，也可代替或修饰不可数名词。 some及some构成的复合不定代词一般用于肯定句中，any及any构成的复合不定代词一般用于否定句、疑问句和条件从句中。 疑问句中，表示说话人希望得到对方的肯定回答或表达请求、建议时应用some及some构成的复合不定代词。如: Would you like some tea?many/much many只代替或修饰可数名词复数，much只代替或修饰不可数名词。 one 指代人或物，如果所指代的人或物是复数，则用ones来表达。如：I like red roses better than whi

34、te ones.each 指两者或两者以上的人或物中的“每一个”。作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。如： Each of the pictures on the wall is very beautiful.both/all/either/neither/none both两者都。谓语动词用复数。 all三者或三者以上都。谓语动词用复数。 either两者中的任何一个。谓语动词用单数。 neither两者都不。谓语动词用单数。 none三者或三者以上中任何一个都不。none与可数名词复数连用或所指的是可数名词复数，谓语动词用单复数形式均可。如：Both ideas are good.All of

35、them agree with me.Either of the books is worth reading.Neither answer is correct.None of the students is / are going to the park.few/a few, little/a little few/a few代替或修饰可数名词复数； little/a little代替或修饰不可数名词。 few和little很少；几乎没有，侧重否定含义； a few和a little有一些，侧重肯定含义。It is raining, but I still see a few people

36、 in the street.He is very hungry now, because he had little food this morning.Can you speak English? Yes, but a little.other/the other/others/the others/another不定代词含义用法other另外的 复数名词，表示除去一部分以外的另一些，但不是剩下的全体 前有the, some, any, each, every, no, my, your, his等，则可与单数名词连用 the other两者/两部分中的另一个/部分+单数名词 one.,

37、the other. +复数名词, 表示“其余的全部”不定代词含义用法others另一些other复数名词，不修饰名词。表示除去一部分以后的另一些，但不是剩下的全体the others其余一些the other名词，不修饰名词。表示“其余的全部”another 再一的;另一的单数名词，表示再一个，另一个（三者或三者以上中的另一个）另一个不修饰名词。三者或三者以上中的另一个如：I have two backpacks. One is red, and the other is blue.There are thirty students in our class. Twenty of them

38、went to the zoo, and the others visited the park.I dont like this hat. Please show me another.These shoes dont fit. Havent you got any others?some, any, every, no构成的复合不定代词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。如： Somebody wants to see you, sir. Is everyone here today?形容词、else或动词不定式修饰some, any, every, no构成的复合不定代词时，一般位于复合不定代

39、词的后面。如： I have something important to tell you. Is there anything else you want me to do?温馨提示A. some / any1. Are there _ oranges on the tree? No, there arent.2. I have _ questions to ask you.anysomeB. each / either1. _ of the five children got a nice present on Childrens Day.2. Which of the two shir

40、ts do you want? _ is OK.EachEither选择恰当的不定代词填空。C. other / the other / others / the others / another1. What _ things can you see in the picture?2. I have two pens. One is red, and _ is black.3. There are only five students in the classroom. Where are _?otherthe otherthe others4. There are a lot of peo

41、ple in the park. Some are walking; some are enjoying the flowers; _ are boating.5. The sweater is too small for me. Would you show me _ one?othersanotherD. many / much / (a) few / (a) little1. There are so _ books to read and so _ work to do. Its terrible.2. The text is so difficult that _ of us can

42、 understand it.3. Theres _ meat in the fridge. Will you go and buy some?4. I can stay here for only _ time, but Ill come again in _ days.manymuchfewlittlea littlea fewE. all / both / none / neither1. It rained heavily this morning, but _ of us was late for school.2. _ of his parents are doctors. The

43、y work in the same hospital.3. _ of my friends came to see me when I was ill. I was very happy.4. Which of the two dictionaries do you like better? I like _, because theyre not useful.noneBothAllneither表示频繁程度的副词叫作频度副词。常见的频度副词有always, sometimes, hardly ever, usually, often, never等。常见频度副词按频率大小排列如下：alw

44、ays (总是)usually (通常)often (经常)sometimes (有时)hardly ever (几乎从不)never (从不)。频度副词频度副词的位置：常放在实义动词之前，be动词、助动词或情态动词之后，但有些频度副词如often，sometimes等位置比较灵活，还可以放在句首或句尾。如：Mike usually takes a shower before going to bed.She is always late for everything.Joe sometimes writes to me.Sometimes Joe writes to me.Joe write

45、s to me sometimes.对频度副词及表示事件发生频率的短语提问时，常用how often，“多久一次”。如：My fatherhardly everplays soccer. (对划线部分提问)How often does your father play soccer?How often do you go shopping?Three times a month.1. What would you like, ice cream or apple juice? _. One for my sister and the other for myself. (2020云南中考) A

46、. Neither B. All C. None D. Both2. Sophia waited for a reply, but _ came. (2020内蒙古呼和浩特） A. either B. another C. neither D. noneDD3. What would you like, milk or coffee? _ Id like some orange juice. (2020辽宁丹东中考) A. NoneB. NeitherC. Each D. Either4. _ hopes for a sweet home as it provides us with warm

47、th and trust. (2020江苏扬州中考) A.None B. Everyone C. Nobody D. SomebodyBB5. Its unbelievable that 5G technology is progressing in such a rapid way! _ is impossible. (2020湖北宜昌中考) A. Something B. Anything C. Nothing D. Everything6. Why dont you find some workers to repair the machines? Well, _ of them wan

48、t to do such a low-paid job. (2020青海中考) A. a fewB. few C. someCB7. Have you asked _ about the case? No, except Bob. (2020江苏镇江中考) everybody B. anybody C. nobody D. somebody8. Bob, when will you help me do a survey, today or tomorrow? _ is OK Im free these two days. (2020辽宁铁岭葫芦岛)A. Both B. None C. Eit

49、her D. NeitherAC9. Randy wrote two novels. _of them were made into films. Ive seen them. (2020上海中考) None B. Both C. All D. Neither10. Sally, I have _ exciting to tell you. We will go back to school soon.Great！(2020湖北恩施中考)A. anything B. something C. everything BB11. David is crazy about Chinese histo

50、ry. He _ visits the museums first wherever he travels in China. (2020江苏南通中考)A. never B. seldom C. sometimes D. always12. The coffee in this shop is pretty good. Ms. Zhang comes here at times. (2020贵州黔东南) A. sometimesB. never C. on time D. in timeDA13. Where shall we eat tonight? Lets call Jack. He _

51、 knows the best places to go. (2020四川乐山中考)A. seldom B. always C. only14. Tina _ drives to work. But today she drives because of the rain. (2020江西中考)A. always B. often C. sometimes D. hardlyBD15. Tom studies _, so he _ fails the exam. (2020黑龙江大庆) hardly; hardlyB. hard; hardlyC. hard; hardD. hardly; h

52、ard16. The girl used to be shy, but she is _ getting active in team work and willing to make friends. (2020内蒙古呼和浩特)A. usually B. gradually C. mainly D. seldomBB17. How was your trip to the British Museum? I could _ speak English and was completely silent during the visit. (2020辽宁营口) A. hardly B. alw

53、ays C. usually D. often18. You can bravely tell others what you think if you have different ideas. But _ remember to choose the proper way. (2020山西中考)A. never B. seldom C. alwaysAC高兴 (Happiness)A: How was your school trip, Eric?B: It was wonderful! We had lots of fun.A: Tom, what about visiting the

54、science museum this Saturday?B: Thats / Sounds great.A: Guess what? I passed the math exam.B: Congratulations! Im so happy for you!A: Our class won the football game this morning.B: Really? Im so glad to hear that!情感 (Emotions)惊奇(Surprise)A: Ive decided to give up my present job.B: Really / Is that

55、so? But why?A: Bob, look, this is the watch you lost yesterday!B: What a surprise / How surprising!I cant / couldnt believe my eyes.Im surprised to hear that Kevin has had a car accident.频度(Frequency)A: How often do you go to the bookstore?B: Once / Twice / Three times a week / month.A: How often do

56、es your grandpa eat out?B: Never / Seldom / Sometimes / Often / Usually / Always.A: How often does Molly go to the dentist?B: Every three months.二、时间(Time). 单项选择1. I had a good time in the study trip last week. _A. With pleasure. B. Thank you. C. OK! D. Im glad to hear that.2. We saw a very big and

57、strange fish in the river._? What is it like?A. Really B. Is that OK C. Why not D. What for 3. _, Mary?Once a week. A. Where is the park B. How often do you go to the parkC. What is the park like D. How far is the park from here.根据对话内容，在空白处填入恰当的句子，使对话完整、通顺。A: Hi, Jessica. Long time no see. (1) _?B:

58、Last month? Oh, I was in Australia.A: Really? (2) _?B: Yes, I went there for a vacation.A: That sounds great. (3) _?Where were you last monthDid you go there for a vacationHow did you go thereB: I went there by ship.A: Did you go there by yourself?B: (4) _. I went there with my uncle. He found a job

59、 there.A: (5) _ _?B: It was cold. You know it was winter in the north of the earth.How was the weather there / What was the weather like thereNo, I didnt旅游与交通【写作任务】广州某电台英文频道将开设Welcome to Guangzhou栏目，目前面向全市中学生征集“微广州”英文介绍。请你写一篇英语短文，向栏目投稿。短文需包括下图所有提示内容。注意：1. 词数：80词左右(短文的开头与结尾已给出，不计入词数)；2. 不得透露学校、姓名等任何个

60、人信息，否则不予评分。【思路点拨】定基调 体裁：说明文 时态：一般现在时 人称：以第三人称为主2. 谋布局、写句子In summer, it is so hot that many people would like/want to go swimmingIn winter, it is cold, but it seldom snows flowers can be seen all year roundGuangzhou is famous / known / well-known for its delicious food3. 巧衔接 在介绍广州的两个特色时，可以使用meanwhile