广东海洋大学电子信息工程专业英语(存储器)

1、Specific English for Electronic Information EngineeringTeacher：张培珍Guangdong Ocean UniversityLesson 15: Memeory IndexPre-reading15.1 RAM(Random-access-memory)15.2 ROM(Read-only memory)15.3 EPROM(Erasable ProgrammableRead-only memory)15.4 EEPROM15.5 Flash memory15.6 Cache memoryPre-reading123 what is

2、memory?ClassificationOf memory.Functions of different memories.Read the lesson, paying attention to the following questions. Remind the Words and expressionsPrimaryQuantityPrincipalIntermediaryUtilizeApproximatelyVolatileElectronicSecondary 主要的，首要的量，数量主要的，最重要的中间人，调解人利用近似的易变的，不稳定的电子的第二的Remind the Wor

3、ds and expressionsTemporarySpecificInterpretationSubsequentDisruptSemiconductor ErasableFirmwareModule暂时的详尽的解释随后的中断的半导体可擦除的固件模数Remind the Words and expressionsHenceFabricationUltravioletRadiationConsiderablyEssentiallyFunctionalityCPUROM因此制造紫外线辐射相当大地本质上的，基本功能性中央处理器只读存储器Remind the Words and expressio

4、nsPrimary storageEPROMInstruction registerStorage registerAccumulatorRAMEEPROM主存储器可擦除可编程只读存储器指令寄存器缓冲寄存器累加器随机存储器电可擦除只读存储器Introduction The memory is a part of the computer where programs and data are stored;Memory is also called real memory or primary storage;Is expressed as quantities of KB;1TB=1024G

5、B，1GB=1024MB；1MB=1024KB；1KB=1024B；1Byte=8bitWords and expressionsInternal Real storagePrimary storageQuantityKBByteBit 内部的实存储器主存储器量，数量的KiloByte字节比特Function of memoryAs an intermediary between the CPU and the rest of the computer system components;As a sort of desktop on which you place the things ar

6、e about to work;Words and expressionsIntermediaryComponents desktopUtilizeinstructions中间人，媒介元器件桌面利用指令Main memoryMain memory is a RAM;Data can be stored and retrieved at randomWords and expressionsRAMRandom access memoryDeriveRetrieveRandomChipApproximately随机存储器起源于检索，恢复随机的芯片近似的Main memoryThe main mem

7、ory is in an electronic or volatile state;When computer is off ,the main memory is empty. When it is on, the main memory can receive and hold a copy of the software instructions and data for processing.Main memory is volatile, users save their work onto nonvolatile secondary storage(diskette or hard

8、 disk) Words and expressionsVolatileEmpty instructionsFrequentlyNonvolatileNonvolatile-secondary-StorageDisketteHard disk不稳定的，易变的空的指令经常地非易失的永久性存储磁盘硬盘Purpose of the main memoryStorage of a copy of the main software program;Temporary storage of a copy of application program instructions;Temporary stor

9、age of data that has been input from the keyboard or other input device;Temporary storage of data that has been produced as a result of process;Words and expressionsGeneral Load intoTemporarySpecific RetrieveInterpretationExecution SubsequentTransferred普遍的，一般的载入暂时的具体的，详尽的检索，取回解释执行随后的转换15.1 Random ac

10、cess memoryRAM is used for short-time storage of data or program instructions;The content of RAM can be read and changed;RAM is volatile, is used as temporary storage;15.1 Random access memoryRAM chips for computers:Words and expressionsShort-termVolatileElectricity supplyDisrupt短期的不稳定的，易失的电源供应中断15.

11、2 Read-only memoryOn many microcomputer, the operating system is build in a chip rather than on a floppy disk;“software in hardware” is called firmware;Read-only memory is by far the most common form of firmware; A ROM module contains a program by manufacture;The program can be read but impossible t

12、o destroy by accidentally writing;Words and expressionsSemiconductorMounted onFloppy diskFirmwareAvailableBy farModuleDestroyaccidentally半导体安装于软盘固件可用的至今为止模块毁坏意外地PROMPROM（programmable ROM) is nonvolatile and may be written into only once;The written process is performed electrically and performed by

13、supplier or customer at a time later than the original chip fabrication.PROM provides flexibility and convenience;Words and expressionsNonvolatileSupplierCustomerFabricationSpecialFlexibilityconvenience不易失的供应商客户制造特殊的灵活的，柔韧的方便的10.3 EPROMEPROM(erasable programmable read-only memory) is read and writte

14、n electricity;Before a writing operation, all the storage cells must be erased to the same initial state by exposure of the package chip to ultraviolet radiation;The erasure process can be repeatedly;Each erasure takes as much as 20minutes;Has advantage of the multiple update capability;4M bit EPROM

15、 Toshiba TC574200Dshowing transparent window used to erase the chip10.3 EPROMWords and expressionsStorage cellExposurePackaged chipUltravioletRadiationMultipleVirtuallyIndefinitelyComparableupdate存储单元暴露封装芯片紫外线辐射多重的，复杂的实质的不定期的，不明确的可比较的更新15.4 EEPROM EEPROM(electricity erasable programmable read-only m

16、emory) can be written at any time without erasing prior contents;The write operation takes considerably longer than the read operation(order of several hundred microsecond per byte;EEPROM is more expensive and less dense, supporting fewer bits per chip;15.4 EEPROMWords and expressionsPriorByte addre

17、ssConsiderablyMicrosecondUpdateableIn placeOrdinaryBus controlData lineLess dense在之前字节地址相当大的微秒可更新的在适当位置普通的总线控制数据线不密集15.5 Flash memoryFlash memory is newest form of semiconductor memory, the speed can be reprogrammed; Flash memory is intermediate between EPROM and EEPROM in both cost and functionalit

18、y;Uses an electrical erasing technology;Can be erased in one or a few second;Can erase blocks of memory, can not provide byte-level erasure;Higher density;15.5 Flash memoryWords and expressionsFlash memoryReprogrammedIntroduceIntermediateFunctionalityRather thanEntireTransistorAchieveHigh density闪速存储器改编引入，介绍调节，中间的功能性而不是全部晶体管获得，实现高密度15.6 Cache memoryCache memory can increase speed of transfer of instructions and data fro