高中英语必修4unit4语法V-ing作状语讲解

1、高中英语必修4unit4语法V-ing作状语讲解高中英语必修4unit4语法V-ing作状语讲解高中英语必修4unit4语法V-ing作状语讲解 . Revision of Ings function:1.The sleeping boy is disturbed.2.I saw the boy cheating in the exam.3.Seeing is believing.4.My job is teaching.5.They focus on keeping their soil rich and free of disease.AttributeObjectivecomplemen

2、tSubjectPredicativeObject2021/4/132.课文中出现的Ing句子，分析其所做的成分。I saw several young people enter the waiting area looking around curiously I stood for a minute watching them and went to greet them.3. She stepped back appearing surprised 4. Then Akira Nagata from Japan came in smiling, together with 5. When

3、 Darlene Coulon from France came dashing through the door.状语描述动词=副词2021/4/1331. As soon as they heard the bell, they rushed out of the room .= Hearing the bell, they rushed out of .2. As he was rather sleepy, he didnt hear the bell.Being rather sleepy, he didnt hear the bell.was - be - being 3. As h

4、e didnt hear the bell, he didnt rushed out of the classroom.Not hearing the bell, he didnt rushed out of the classroom.动词的-ing形式可以作状语, 否定式：Not + doing / being 2021/4/134 .The Present Participle as Adverbial 1)表方式、伴随情况地状语 ：They went into the classroom laughing and talking.(they went into the classroo

5、m, and laughed and talked.)He sat on the sofa, watching TV.(=He sat on the sofa, and watched TV.)及谓语所表示的动作（或状态）同时发生，或是对谓语表示的动词（或状态）作进一步地补充说明。2021/4/135Walking in the street, I came across an old friend of mine.(=When I was walking in the street, I came across an old friend of mine.)Having finished h

6、is homework, he began to play computer games.(=After he had finished his homework, he began to play computer games.)2）表时间状语2021/4/1363) 表原因状语 Being ill, he didnt go to school. (=Because/As he was ill, he didnt go to school.)Being a student, you should study hard.(=Since you are a student, you should

7、 study hard.)2021/4/1374)表条件Working hard, you will do well in the exam.If you work hard, you will do well in the exam.5) 表结果Unfortunately the father died, leaving the family even worse off .Unfortunately the father died and left the family even worse off .2021/4/138注意：现在分词及不定式都可作结果状语，试比较：Their car w

8、as caught in a traffic, causing the delay. He hurried to the post office only to find it was closed. 现在分词作结果状语，表示自然结果， 不定式作状语，表示出乎意料的结果。2021/4/139 试判断下列状语:1.Tom left home quite early, hoping he could catch the first bus. . , and hoped 2. Not knowing what to do, we asked Mr. Smith for some advice. Be

9、cause we didnt know 3. Arriving at the station, he found the train had left. When he arrived at （伴随/方式）（原因）（时间）2021/4/1310.现在分词作状语其形式变化现在分词作状语要注意它的各种形式变化:主动形式 被动形式 V-ing being V-ed having V-ed having been V-ed 一般式完成式2021/4/1311 After he had come out of prison, he couldnt live in peace. Having come o

10、ut of prison, he couldnt live in peace.如果要强调动词-ing 的动作(come out of prison) 发生在谓语动词(live)之前，常用-ing的完成式。doing - having done 2021/4/1312 As we hadnt finished the experiment, we planned to carry it on later. Not having finished the experiment, we planned to carry it on later. Not having done / been 2021

11、/4/13131. While watching TV, _.A. the doorbell rang.B. we heard the doorbell ring.B.2._from the top of the mountain, the city is more beautiful. A. Seeing B. SeenB.用-ing作状语，ing的逻辑主语及句子主语必须保持一致。3.Hearing the news, _. A. tears came to her eyes B. She burst into tearsB.2021/4/1314试判断下列句子正误: While watch

12、ing TV, I heard the bell rang.While watching TV, the bell rang.TWhile I was watching TV, I heard the bell rang.FWhile I was watching TV, the bell rang.2021/4/1315注意：现在分词及过去分词都可作状语，如何区别？试比较：Seeing from the mountain, we find the city is Small.Seen from the mountain, the city is small.现在分词及过去分词做状语，主要看句

13、子的主语及分词的关系。如果是主动关系，用现在分词，如果是动宾关系，用过去分词。2021/4/1316. 独立主格结构动词ing形式的逻辑主语和主句的主语不一致怎么办？If weather permits, well have an outing next week. Weather permitting, well have an outing next week. (表条件) 独立主格结构 ：名词/代词+非谓语非谓语的形式只及在它前面的名词或代词有关2021/4/1317.独立成分：有些现在分词作状语，在句中没有逻辑上的主语而独立存在，用来修饰主句，表明说话者的态度、观点等，被称为评论性状语

14、或悬垂分词。常见的分词短语有：generally(frankly,honestly) speaking, supposing (假设), judging from(从判断), talking of（谈到), speaking of (谈到)，considering (考虑到,鉴于)等。2021/4/13181.Generally speaking, girls are more careful than boys. 2.Supposing you lose, what will you do?3.Judging from his accent, he must be from the nort

15、h.4.Talking of travel, have you ever been to Beijing?2021/4/1319归纳总结：动词的ing形式作状语：相当于相应的状语从句动词的-ing形式的逻辑主语及句子主语必须一致动词的-ing形式及句子主语之间构词主动关系2021/4/13201.He got up late and hurried to his office, _the breakfast untouched. left B. to leave C. leaving D. having left2.The secretary worked late into the nigh

16、t, _ a long speech for the president.to prepare B. preparing C. prepared D. was preparing 【模拟练习】2021/4/13213.The trainer appeared, _by six little dogs. 4._more encouragement, the boy could have behaved better. A. Given B. Giving C. Give D. having given A. to followed B. following C. followed D. havi

17、ng followed 2021/4/13225. Pressed from his parents, and _that he has wasted too much time , the boy is determined to stop playing video games.realizing B. realized C. to realize D. being realized6. to work overtime that evening, I missed a wonderful film.A. Having been asked B. To ask C. Having asked D. To be asked2021/4/1323非谓语解题“五步骤”：1、牢记核心意义。不定式表将来或能够，动词ing形式表主动或进行，过去分词表被动或完成。2、分析句子成分。判断句子中是欠缺谓语还是非谓语。（主要是看句子中已经有没有谓语动词了，因为英语中一个简单句中只能有一个谓语动词。）2021/4/13243、寻找逻辑主语，把握主被动关系。 非谓语动词虽然在语法上没有主语，但它仍表示的是动作，因