精美的名词性从句 详细版课件

1、 名词性从句 主语 不及物动词 （ S + Vi ） 主语 及物动词 宾语 ( S + Vt + O) 主语 系动词 表 (S + LV + predicative) 主语 双宾动词+间宾+直宾(S +Vt +O.indir+O. dir) 主语 宾补动词 宾语 宾语补语 (S + Vt. + O + O. compl)There + be / stand/ lie / live.简单句的五种基本句型温馨提示: 完整的句子一般至少包含2个基本成分， 至多4个基本成分。The foreign teachers, Christina and Daniel, like spicy food.Chri

2、stina and Daniel are English teachers.*名词性从句的特点是从句都有关联词引导,从句的语序和陈述句的语序相同。名词性从句2.宾语从句3.表语从句4.同位语从句1.主语从句这是一本书。This is a book.陈述句这是书吗？Is this a book?疑问句(1)连接词whether/ifthat(2)连接代词who/whoeverwhom/whomeverwhosewhat/whateverwhich/whichever(3)连接副词when whywherehow连接词选用原则：缺什么，补什么什么都不缺，用that缺主语，宾语，表语，指物用what

3、;指人用whoHis job is important.What he does is important.This is his job.This is what he does every day. 名词性从句在功能上相当于名词主语表语1.主语从句：（subject clause)在一个完整的句子里,主语部分还含有主谓两大部分结构的句子叫主语从句。引导主语从句的关联词不能省略。Who will go is not important.主语What he said is true.主语This is not important.That is true.例:他住在哪里我们都不知道。Where

4、 he lives is unknown to us.主语例:不太清楚她为什么迟到。Why she was late is unclear.主语例:这本书怎么销售取决于它的作者。How the book will be sold depends on its writer .1 That he will succeed is certain .2 Whether he will go there is not known .3 What he said is not true .4 Where he hid the money is to be found out .5 Whoever com

5、es is welcome.6 How we can help the twins will be discussed at the meeting. 7 When theyll start the project has not been decided yet.Subject Clause主语从句“It” is used as empty subject形式主语为避免主语冗长,句子头重脚轻,经常用it作形式主语,主语从句放在后面作真正的主语.1.It is certain that he will succeed.2.It is not known whether he will go t

6、here.3.It has not been decided yet when theyll start the project.4.It worries her a bit that her hair was turning grey.Its likely/possible/important/necessary/clear that很可能/重要的是/必要的是/很清楚 Its said/ reported that据说/据报道 It seems/appears/happens that显然、明显、 碰巧.Its been announced/declared that已经通知/宣布Its n

7、o wonder that并不奇怪/无疑 Its a pity/a fact /a common knowledge (众所周知） / a common saying（俗话说）that在下列句型中常使用that引导主语从句一主语从句的连接词1. that 只起引导作用，本身无实际意义，不充当任何成分，但不能省略。That she left him made him heart-broken.That he is still alive is a good news to us.2.置于句首只能用whether “是否”，不充当从句的任何成分。他是否会参加这个话剧表演是显而易见的_ is cle

8、ar._(他能否买到飞机票) doesnt matter much.Whether he can buy the plane ticketsWhether hell take part in the play1. If she will come is not important. Whether she will come is not important.2. If she will have enough time is a question. Whether she will have enough time is a question3. If he will hand in his

9、 homework is a question. Whether he will hand in his homework is a question.结论1：在主语从句中只能用whether,不能用if3 wh-疑问词包含意思，并在从句中充当成分。_ she will be back is still a question._ you told me just now was really a surprise._ we will hold the basketball game tomorrow is not important._ class will win the football

10、game is not clear._ will meet him is not decided.WhenWhatWhereWhich Who_ breaks the law should be punished._ has helped to save the drowning girl is worth praising._ tells lies is wrongWhoeverWhoeverWhoeverwho填空练习：1) _ the meeting will be held next week hasnt been decided yet.2) _ the plan will be c

11、arried out is still unknown.3) _ the building of the car factory will be started hasnt been decided yet.4) _ team will win the match is still unknown.5) _ we need is more time.6) _ we can arrive at the airport before 8 oclock is still a question.WhereWhenWhenWhichWhatWhether1. Where will the meeting

12、 be held is not decided. Where the meeting will be held is not decided.2. When will the work be finished is unknown. When the work will be finished is unknown.3. What will he do after graduation is a question. What he will do after graduation is a question.结论2：主语从句应使用陈述句语序_ do shopping depends on th

13、e weather. A. When will we B. When we will C. What will we D. What we will I dont believe his words.I dont believe what he said. I am surprised at his words.I am surprised at what he said. 宾语宾语2.宾语从句：(object clause)用作宾语的从句叫做宾语从句。一般放在及物动词，介词后。连接代词who, whom, what,which,whose,连接副词when, why, where, how,

14、连词that, whether, if引导。 I hope (that) everything will be all right.动宾Do you know him?Do you know where he is?动宾He told us a story.He told us that he would study abroad.例:老师清楚她为什么迟到了。The teacher has found out why she was late.介宾I think that you can make great progress.*宾语从句从句中,连词that只起连接作用,没有实际作用,可以省略

15、,而其他的关连词却不能省略。He made it clear that he wants an American girlfriend.He find it necessary that he should understand Chinese culture.特殊的宾语从句：主+谓+it(形式宾语)+宾补+that从句Tell the function of the following clauses 在主+谓+it(形式宾语)+宾补+that从句(真正宾语) 的句型中不省略We must make it clear that we mean what we say. 由连词and连接的两个

16、由that引导 的宾语从句中,第二个that 不省略.He told me（ that） he would come and that he would come on time.2.that在宾语从句中的省略与保留连接词when / where / why / how / because that / whether / if连接代词：Who/ whom / whose / which / what连接副词One question is why the teachers smoke in the office.Thats because it is cold outside.He looke

17、d as if he really likes Chinese food .表语从句:在句中充当表语成分，一般放在连系动词之后. 作用：对主语进行解释说明。表语从句3. 表语从句：在连系动词之后的句子叫做表语从句。例:问题是谁能去那里。The question was who would tie the ring.表语例:那是他为什么迟到的原因。That is why you go away.表语The truth is that American are militarily aggressive.10. _ I cant understand is _ she wants to chang

18、e her mind. A. What; why B. Which; how C. That; why D. What; because11. _ his dream of going to college will come true is uncertain. A. That B. Whether C. If D. Even if4.同位语从句：同位语从句起着进一步解释或说明它前面的名词的作用，通常由that或when / where/why / how / whether 引导。同位语从句常与下列先行词一起出现：fact, truth, doubt, suggestion, idea,

19、question, problem, hope, thought, fear等。I have the feeling that American people Are more polite.同位语从句The news that the vacation is coming is not true. 同位语从句1) The idea that we set an English corner is good.2) Word came that Yang Liping will visit the school.3) Sydney kept his promise that he would a

20、lways do anything he could for Lucie to make sure of her happiness.同位语从句1.Two thirds of all girls in Britain are on a diet./ The fact worries their parents and teachers a lot.2.The Queen of England was on a three-day visit in China./ We heard the news last night._ The fact that two thirds of all gir

21、ls are on a diet worries their parents and teachers a lot._We heard the news last night that the Queen of England was on a three-day visit in China.4.Time travel is possible./ There is no scientific proof for the idea.5.Chinese students should be given more free time./ The suggestion is welcomed by

22、many people, especially kids in school.3.Teenagers should not spend too much time online./ Many British parents hold the view._Many British parents hold the view that teenagers shouldnt spend too much time online._There is no scientific proof for the idea that time travel is possible._The suggestion

23、 that Chinese students should be given more free time is welcomed by many people, especially kids in school.4.The news _ surprised everybody yesterday now proves to be false. A. that B. when C. what D. how 5.One of the men held the view _ the book said was right. A. what that B. that which C. that w

24、hat D. which that6.Word has come _ some American guests will come for a visit to our college next week.A. what B. whether c. that D. which 1._ the baby could speak made his parents very happy. A. That B. What C. Why D. If2. I wonder _ you will go shopping or stay at home. A. that B. if C. whether D.

25、 what3. This is _ he was often late for school. A. what B. that C. why D. whether4. We all know the truth _ the earth _ around the sun.A. if; moved B. that; moves C. why; move D. whether; move主语从句宾语从句表语从句同位语从句PracticeAt lunch time, the radio weatherman reported that the mist would become a thick fog

26、 in the afternoon.The truth is that the fog is too thick for the bus to run that far.What surprised me most was that the old man couldnt see anything.The fact that Polly didnt ask for the mans name is a pity. Predictive Clause(表语从句)Object Clause(宾语从句)Subject Clause(主语从句)Appositive Clause同位语从句Find cl

27、auses from the following sentences and tell the functions of them分析下列宾语从句中的连词I dont doubt （that ）you will succeed.I dont know whether/if he will come tonight.I doubt if /whether you will keep your promise.3个句子中的连词that, whether, if （是否）在名词性从句中只起连接作用，在句中不担任成分,被称为连接词注意：A. that 本身无意义，在宾语从句中可以省略，但在别的三种名词

28、性从句中不可以省略。 B. whether 和if有是否的意义，在宾语从句中二者通常可以互换。但whether 可以用于所有的四种名词性从句，而if 仅可以用于宾语从句。引导名词从句的关联词。连接词一、名词性从句的语序（1） 名词性从句构成有两种a. That + 陈述句That light travels in straight lines is known to all. This is what we are looking for.名词性从句考点归纳b. 疑问词+句子的剩余成分(2) 疑问词引导的名词性从句要求使用陈述句 语序，不能用一般疑问句语序。How was he success

29、ful is still a puzzle. ( )How he was successful is still a puzzle. ( )你能告诉我他住在什么地方吗？FTTF他是怎么成功的仍然是个谜。Could you tell me where he lives? ( )Could you tell me where does he live? ( )二、名词性从句连接词的选用（1）that 和what 的选用that 和 what 都可引导所有的名词从句。但是，what除起连接作用外，还在名词性从句中充当成分，可做从句的主语、宾语、或表语。而that在名词性从句中不充当任何成分，只起连接

30、作用。that / what1._ he wants is a book.2. _ he wants to go there is obvious.3.The result is _ we won the game.4.This is _ we want to know.5.Is _ he told us true ?6.We should pay attention to _ the teacher is saying.7. I have no doubt _ he will come.8. I have no idea _ he did that afternoon.WhatThattha

31、twhatwhatwhatthatwhata. 主语从句b. 表语从句c. 同位语从句e. 介词后的宾语从句f. whether to do 做动词宾语不能用if to do.g whether or not 连在一起引导宾语从句时不用if. 动词discuss后if 和whether 的选用不能使用if 的情况：1. I asked her _ she had a bike.2._ we will hold a party in the open air tomorrow depends on the weather.3. Were worried about _ he is safe.4.

32、 I dont know _ he is well or not.5. I dont know _ or not he is well.6. The question is _ he should do it.7.The doctor can hardly answer the question _ the old man will recover soon.8. I dont know _ to go.if / whetherWhetherwhetherwhetherwhetherwhetherwhetherwhetherif / whether其它连接代词和副词的连用主要根据名词性从句中的

33、具体意义,正确的选择who、which、what、whom、when、where、why、 how 等连接词，这些连接词既具有疑问含义，又起连接作用，同时在从句中充当各种成分。我们何时举行运动会还没有决定。_ we shall hold our sports meeting is not decided.我不知道昨天谁打破了玻璃。I dont know _ broke the glass yesterday.我不知道他长的什么样子。I have no idea _ he looks like.这就是我忘记眼镜的地方。This is _ I left my glasses.Whenwhowhat

34、wherethat 可省略的情况：that不可省略的情况：主语从句表语从句同位语从句用it做形式宾语的宾语从句并列的宾语从句中的后几个从句的引导词that 不能省略引导词that 的省略单个宾语从句中的that可省略1.I dont think _ she is coming.2.It is a pity _ he has made such a mistake.3.The reason is _ he is careless .4.The news _ our team won the match inspired us.5.I dont think it necessary _ you s

35、hould read English aloud.6.He told me _ his father had died and _ he had to make a living alone.(that)thatthatthatthat(that)thatthat/ (that)1.同位语从句的格式：2.能接同位语从句的名词有：3.连接词通常是that,也可根据含义选用三、同位语从句的引导和辨别n.+ 连接词 + 从句order, belief, suggestion, advice ,information等whether, what, when, where 等来引导同位语从句。fact、

36、idea, 1. I have no idea _ he comes from.2. He cant answer the question _ he got the money.3.He gave us many suggestions _ we should get up earlier and take more exercise.4.I have no doubt _ he will win.5. I have some doubt _ he will win.wherehowthatthatwhetherthat/ whether / where/ how1.定语从句是先行词的修饰语

37、，它不涉及先行词的具体内容。定语从句中that不但起连接作用，而且在定语从句中充当一个句子成分，充当从句的宾语成分时可省略。2.同位语从句对中心词的内容作进一步的解释和说明，表明中心词的具体内容。引导同位语从句的that 在同位语从句中不做任何成分,只起连接作用,无具体含义,且不可省略.同位语从句和定语从句的区别1.We expressed the hope that they had expressed.2. We expressed the hope that they would come to China again.1.The information has been announc

38、ed that more middle school graduates will be admitted into university.2.The information that he revealed at the meeting is of great value.定从同从同从定从Attributive or Appositive 1.The reason _ we didnt trust him was _ he often lied2.The reason _ he gave for his absent was _ he was ill.whythatthatthatPract

39、ice time1.They expressed the hope _they would come over to China. A. which B. that C. whom D. when2.The fact_ he didnt see Tom yesterday is true. A. that B. which C. when D. what3.I have no idea _he will come back.A. where B. when C. what D. thatChoose the best answer4.The news _ surprised everybody

40、 yesterday now proves to be false. A. that B. when C. what D. how 5.One of the men held the view _ the book said was right. A. what that B. that which C. that what D. which that6.Word has come _ some American guests will come for a visit to our college next week.A. what B. whether c. that D. which7.

41、The question is _the film is worth seeing. A. if B. what C. whether D. how 8.They received orders _ the work be done at once. A .which B. when C. / D .that 9.The reason _ I have to go is _ my mother is ill in bed. A .why; why B. why; because C. why ; that D. that; because 12. It is known to us _ whe

42、re there is pollution, there is harm. A. which B. where C. what D. that13. I have the information _. A. of what hell come soon B. that hell come soon C. of that hell come soon D. his coming soon14. - I saw your neighbor break your window with a basketball. - _ it made me nearly mad. A. That he broke

43、 B. What he broke C. He broke D. His break15.It remains a question _ we can get so much money in such a short time. A.how B. that C. when D. what16.- Can I help you? - Yes, do you know _? A. when comes the bus B. when will come the bus C. when does the bus come D. when the bus comes17. He made a pro

44、mise _ anyone set him free he would make him very rich. A. that B. if C. what D. that if18. They lost their way in the forest and _ made matters worse was _ night began to fall. A. what; that B. it; that C. what; when D. which; what1.It now appears _ they are in need of help. A. that B. which C. wha

45、t D. how2.It is good news _ they will arrive in a few days. A. which B. what C. that D. how3.It _ Joe drives badly. A. thought that B. thinks that C. is thought that D. is thought that4.It _ he is late for class. A. may that B. might that C. may be that D. might be what5.This is _ she was born. A. w

46、here B. which C. that D. what6.The question is _ we cant go there today. A. that B. what C. which D. when7.The question is _ it is worth doing. A. if B. whether C. which D. what8.The reason he has made such great progress is _ he has never wasted his time. A. because B. why C. that D. what9.My sugge

47、stion is _ we should turn the land into rice fields. A. what B. that C. which D. where10.His proposal is that the dam _ at the foot of the mountain. A. build B. will build C. be built D. will be built11.My advice is that he _ regular house. A. keep B. would keep C. keeps D. kept12._ knows the truth

48、will tell you about it. A. Who that B. Whoever C. Whom that D. That who13.We all know the truth _ the earth goes round the sun. A. that B. which C. what D. whether14.We heard the news _ our team had won. A. which B. that C. what D. where15.The problem _ it is right or wrong has not yet been decided.

49、 A. which B. that C. whether D. if16.You must do well _ the teacher asks you to do. A. which B. what C. that D. whereJust have a go. Can you choose the best answer to each sentence from 06 NMET?1. With his work completed, the businessman stepped back to his seat, feeling pleased _ he was a man of ac

50、tion. ( 2006 湖南 )A. which B. that C. what D. whether2. We havent settled the question of _it is necessary for him to study abroad. （ 2006江苏 ）A. if B. where C. whether D. that3._makes this shop different is that it offers more personal services.（2006辽宁 ）A. WhatB. WhoC. Whatever D. Whoever BCA4. See t

51、he flags on top of the building? That was_we did this morning. （ 2006全国I ）A. when B. which C. where D. what5. Please remind me_he said he was going. I may be in time to see him off. （ 2006全国I ）A. where B. when C. how D. what6. - What did your parents think about your decision?- They always let me do _ I think I should. （ 2006全国III