高中英语 Unit2 people on the moveGrammar and usage课件 牛津译林选修10

1、2021/8/11 星期三1Unit 2 People on the moveGrammar and usage2021/8/11 星期三2Introduction and explanation: Introduction: Paragraphs are one of the major “building blocks” of good writing. They are used to organize information in an essay, a story or an article. When writing paragraphs, we usually include t

2、he following:2021/8/11 星期三31. Topic: sentences: Each paragraph should have a point. This is usually expressed in a topic sentence, which clearly states what information the paragraph will give.Not all paragraphs have a topic sentence. This is sometimes the case when, for example, a paragraph is cont

3、inuing a topic introduced in the previous paragraph, which contained a topic sentence.2021/8/11 星期三4The topic sentence is usually the first sentence of a paragraph. However, in the first paragraph of an essay, a story or an article, the topic sentence may often an interesting fact, a question or a q

4、uotation.Older American are on the move.2021/8/11 星期三52. Supporting sentences The topic sentence should be followed by sentences which help explain or prove it.For decades, Florida has been attracting older residents. In fact, according to the national population survey conducted in 2000, Florida wa

5、s home to the largest population of people aged 65 and older. 2021/8/11 星期三6 The sentences in a paragraph should be listed in an order that makes sense. We can use transitions to link each sentences to the previous or following ones. Transitions we can use include for example, for instance, furtherm

6、ore, first, second, third, on the other hand, however and also.2021/8/11 星期三73. Concluding sentence A paragraph should end with one sentence that respects the topic in a new way. We can also use the concluding sentence to express a final idea about the topic or to help introduce the topic of the nex

7、t paragraph. Across the USA, people are noticing the same thing: young people want to live in cities.2021/8/11 星期三84. A hookRead the second paragraph under the subtitle of “Bright lights, big city” and identify the topic sentence and supporting sentences in it. Why a question is used at the beginnin

8、g of the paragraph, and whether the question “where are all the young people” is the topic sentence of the paragraph or not. Ask the students to find out the answer to this question: there are almost no young people in a small Midwestern town; they have all moved to live in cities. 2021/8/11 星期三9A q

9、uestion instead of an affirmative sentence here can catch readers eyes and make reader more interested in the topic. A question like this is called a hook.Exercises:1). Read both the instructions and Part 1 in this section. Make sure that you know what function of a topic sentence is what a hook is.

10、 Then, read the two paragraphs in Part A and identify the topic sentence for each one.2021/8/11 星期三10Answers:A 1. A 2. B2). Read part 2 to learn more about the supporting sentences and their function. Then read the two paragraphs in part A again and point out the supporting sentences as well as the

11、transitions words or phrases in them.2021/8/11 星期三113). Read part 3 to understand what a concluding sentence is. Then read the paragraph in part B. First, you should add transition to complete the paragraph, and then point out the topic and concluding sentences. Answers:B (1) At first (2) Then (3) b

12、ut (4) so (5) However (6) Finally (7) After2021/8/11 星期三124). Find out（underline）the topic sentences of the following short passages: Now more and more people have realized how serious the problem is. Our government is doing its best to take measures to fight against pollution. Weve done a good deal

13、 of work, but heres still a long way to go. We must keep on fighting until we find ways to protect the environment from being polluted, and do away with pollution. We are sure that well win the battle. Goodbye, water pollution! _A2021/8/11 星期三13BLanguage learning begins with listening. Children are

14、greatly different in the amount of listening they do before they start speaking, and later starters are often long listeners. Most children will “obey” spoken instructions some time before they can speak, though the word “obey” is hardly accurate as a description of the eager and delighted cooperati

15、on usually shown by the child .Before they can speak, many children will also ask questions by gesture and by making questioning noises._2021/8/11 星期三14Language points2021/8/11 星期三151. Not all paragraphs have a topic sentence.（P24）并不是所有的段落都有中心句。英语中的部分否定（即不完全否定）有如下一些表示方法： 一、 all 的否定式：not all（或：allnot

16、）表示并非都、不是所有的都例如： Not all men can be masters. (= All men cannot be masters.) 并非人人都能当头头。 Not all bamboo grows tall. 并非所有的竹子都会长很高。 2021/8/11 星期三16二、 both 的否定式：notboth (或：both not) 并非两个都 例如： I dont want both the books. 我不是两本书都要。 Both (the) windows are not open. 两扇窗子并不都开着。 三、 every的否定式：不是每都 例如： Not every

17、 book is educative. (或：Every book is not educative.) 不是每本书都有教育意义的。 Not everyone likes this book. 并非人人都喜欢这本书。 This flower is not seen everywhere. 这花并不是随处可见的。 2021/8/11 星期三17四、 always的否定式：并非总是（并非一直） 例如： He is not always so sad. 他并不是一直都这样悲伤。 五、 entirely, altogether, completely 和quite 的否定式：不完全，并非完全 例如：

18、The businessman is never to be entirely trusted. 不可以完全信任商人。 He felt not altogether satisfied. 他并不完全满意。 I dont agree completely. 我并不完全同意。 What he did was not quite proper. 他做的不十分妥当。 2021/8/11 星期三18六、 all the time 的否定式：“并非一直”、“未必老是” 例如： A foolish man doesnt make a mistake all the time. 笨人未必老是犯错误。 七、 n

19、otand的否定式，被否定的往往是and后面的那一部分。 例如： He did not speak clearly and correctly. 他讲得清楚但不正确。 This film is not interesting and instructive. 这部电影有趣但无教育意义。 She cannot sing and dance. 她会唱歌但不会跳舞。 如果将and 换成or，not 对其后面的两部分就全盘否定了。2021/8/11 星期三192. For decades, Florida has been attracting older residents.Grammar point: present perf