高考英语语法时态易混点 完整版课件PPT

1、突破时态易混点 高中英语Humourous Moments The Father and His SonFather: You know, Tom, when Lincoln _(be) your age, he _(be) a very good pupil. In fact, he _(be) the best pupil in his class.Tom: Yes, Father. I _ (know) that. But when he _(be) your age, he_ (be) Presidentof the United States.waswaswaswaswasknowW

2、ho Is the Laziest?Father: Well, Tom, I asked your teacher today, and now I want to ask you a question. Who is the laziest person in your class?Tom: I dont know, Father.Father: Oh, yes, you do! Think! When the other boys and girls are reading and writing, who sits in class and only watches how the ot

3、her people work?Tom: Our teacher, father.概述：动词形式是英语学习中的难点。动词形式分为谓语动词形式和非谓语动词形式两类。谓语形式有时态、语态、语气和单复数形式，4种形式主要体现在时态形式。动词作谓语时，必须反映动作发生的时间，即动词的时态。动词的时态分为四类：一般时、进行时、完成时、完成进行时。一般时表示动作发生的时间（过去、现在、将来），进行时表示动作在某一时间或时期正在发生，完成时表示动作的结果，完成进行时表示动作的持续。如：一、对一般现在时的考查1.考查其基本概念：一般现在时表示一个习惯性、经常性的动作。常与表示习惯的副词always, ever

4、y time, now and then, occasionally, often, seldom, sometimes, usually 等连用。但近几年，对一般现在时的考查常用过去时态或现在完成时态对考生进行干扰。1) Months ago we sailed ten thousand miles across the open sea, which _the Pacific, and we met no storm.（2005年辽宁卷） was called B. is called C. had been called D. has been calledHe works. He wo

5、rked. He will work.He would work.He is working. He was working. He will be working.He would be working.He has worked. He had worked. He will have worked.He would have worked.He has been working.He had been working.He will have been working.He would have been working.动词时态的掌握可以分为两个部分，首先要熟练掌握八种基本时态，即一般

6、现在时、现在进行时、一般过去时、过去进行时、现在完成时、过去完成时、一般将来时和过去将来时。在熟练掌握这八种基本时态基础上，就能比较容易的掌握另外的几种较为复杂的时态，还可以很容易理解这些时态所表达的意思以及掌握其用法。 2.考查一般现在时的替代用法：在以when, till/ until, as soon as, by the time, after, before, the moment等引导的时间状语从句，在以if, unless, once等引导的条件状语从句和以no matter, however, even if 等词引导的让步状语从句中，如果主句中的动词用一般将来时，从句中的动词

7、通常用一般现在时或现在完成时代替一般将来时或将来完成时。 1,What would you do if it _ tomorrow? We have to carry it on ,since weve got everything ready. （2005年全国卷） A. rain B. rains C. will rain D. is raining2.Ive brought my tennis things along in case we _ time for a game tomorrow. A. shall have B. have C. will have D. are goin

8、g to have 3.-Can I drive on the free way, Mr Green? -You can when you _ a bit more skilled. A. will get B. are getting C. will have got D. get 二、对一般过去时的考查一般过去时表示在过去某时某刻发生的动作或存在的状态，它常与表过去的时间状语连用，如yesterday, last year, last night, the other day, just now, then, two days ago, in 1999, at that time等。但是一

9、般过去时也经常用在没有说明过去的时间状语的句子中，这是高考的命题方向。 I bought a new car three days ago.More than a dozen students in that school _ abroad to study medicine last year.（2005年上海卷）A. sent B. were sent C. had sent D. had been sentnowboughtThe year 2002 _ remarkable changes in Shanghais landscape. (see)saw时间状语呀，不知道你在这儿！以为

10、你在美国！Oh, I didnt know you were here. I thought you were in America. 一般过去时的用法 1）表示过去发生的，和现在没有联系的动作或状态。1.-Look! Someone has spilt （溢出）coffee on the carpet.（地毯） -Well , it _ me. A. isnt B. wasnt C. hasnt been D. hadnt been2.-Ive bought a box of chocolates for our daughter. -Oh, how good a dad! But she

11、doesnt like sweet things. _ that? A. Dont you know B. Havent you known C. Didnt you know D. Hadnt you known3.-Was Mary in the office when you arrived there? -Yes , but she _soon afterwards. A. had left B. left C. would leave D. will leave一般过去时的用法 2）注意：一般过去时与过去进行时的区别： 一般过去时表示一个完成的动作，而过去进行时则表示一个没有完成且正

12、在进行的动作。I wrote a letter this morning. 今天上午我写了一封信。（信已写完） I was writing a letter this morning. 今天上午我在写一封信。（正在写，不一定写完） 1.-Has Tommy finished his job yet? -I have no idea of it ; he _ it this morning. A. was doing B. had been doing C. has done D. did2.As she _ the newspaper, Granny _asleep. A . read, wa

13、s falling B. was reading ,fell C. was reading, was falling D. read ,fell3.All morning as she waited for the medical report from the doctor, her nervousness_. A. has grown B. is growing C. grew D. had grown4.-Im sorry , I shouldnt have been so rude to you. -You _ your temper but thats OK. A. have los

14、t B. had lost C. did lose D. were losing. 三、现在进行时1、表示说话时正在进行的动作或发生的情况他现在在做什么？What is he doing now?2、表示现阶段正在进行的动作或发生的情况今天，许多曾被污染的河流正变得越来越清澈。Today, many rivers that were polluted are getting cleaner and cleaner3、表示按计划将要发生的动作或情况，通常只限于go, come, leave, arrive, fly等少数动词。我下个月去伦敦I am going to London next mo

15、nth.4.表示反复出现的重复性动作，往往含有赞赏，厌恶，遗憾等情绪，常与always, continually, constantly连用。如He is always thinking of others first.He is always making the same mistakes.对现在进行时的考查由上下文语境表示时间。1) Whats the terrible noise？ The neighbors _ for a party（2004年北京卷）A. have prepared B. are preparing C. prepare D. will prepare2)Beca

16、use the shop _, all the T-shirts are sold at half price. （2004年浙江卷34题）has closed down B. closed down C. is closing down D. had closed down3) Are you still busy?Yes, I _ my work, and it wont take long.Ajust finish B. am just finishing Chave just finished D. am just going to finish4) Since I won the b

17、ig prize, my telephone hasnt stopped ringing. People _ to ask how I am going to spend the money.phone B. will phone C. were phoning D. are phoning5) Selecting a mobile phone for personal use is no easy task because technology _ so rapidly.is changing B. has changedC. will have changed D. will change

18、状态类：add up（有意义）, afford, appear（似乎）, belong to, come about, come from（出生地）, contain, cost, differ from, equal, feel（摸起来）, fit, happen to, have/have got, hold（容纳）, include, keep +动词-ing, know(认识), look(看起来), mean(意思是), own, possess, prove（证明是）, seem, smell, sound, stand for, taste, etc.结果类：catch（听懂）,

19、 find（发现） hear, make out（弄懂）, notice, observe, see, smell（闻到）, taste（尝到）, etc.情感类：admire, appreciate, astonish, attract, believe in, care about, dare, dislike, doubt, envy, fear, hate, hope, impress, interest, like, love, mean, mind, please, regret, respect, cant stand, trust, value, etc.另外，请记住下面这些动

20、词：思维类：agree, appreciate, believe, consider（认为）, disagree, disbelieve, expect, feel, figure（美：捉摸）, find, get it（弄懂）, guess, hear, hear about, hear of, hope, imagine, know（知道）, realize, recognize, regard, see, see through, suppose, tell（辨 认）, think（认为）, understand, wonder, etc.以上这些动词一般不用于现在进行时。四、对过去进行

21、时的考查I was walking down the street when it began to rain.When it began to rainI was walkingnow1.把过去进行时放在when, while, as 等引导的时间状语从句中考查。如果主句谓语和从句谓语都发生在过去，动作时间长的用过去进行时，表达谈话背景；动作时间短的用一般过去时，表达新的信息。You were out when I dropped in at your house.Oh, I _ for a friend from England at the airport. （2004年福建卷）A. w

22、as waiting B. had waited C. am waiting D. have waited 1.My brother_ (fall) while he _(ride) his bicycle and hurt himself2.Tom _(slip) into the house when no one _(look).3.As he _(read) the newspaper, Granny _(fall) asleep. 4.The reporter said that the UFO _ (travel) east to west when he _(see) it.fe

23、llwas ridingslippedwas lookingwas readingfellwas travelingsaw注意：过去进行时还可表示说话的刚刚所发生的动作。如-Hey ,look where you are going?-Oh, Im terribly sorry. I wasnt noticing.。2.把过去进行时放在某特定的语境中考查。Has Sam finished his homework today? I have no idea. He _ it this morning. （2004年全国卷）A. did B. has done C. was doing D. h

24、ad done3.考查过去进行时与一般过去时的比较。Shirley _a book about China last year but I dont know whether she has finished it.(98）A. has written B. wrote C. had written D. was writing五、对现在完成时的考查1.现在完成时表示过去的动作对现在的影响或表示经验。2.现在完成时表示过去的动作一直延续至今并可能继续下去，常与for或since 等短语连用。I_(graduate) in 1999 and in that year I _(begin) to

25、teach junior English in a middle school. I _(teach) there for six years . six years later ,I _(move) here. I_ (teach) senior English in No.2 Middle School for more than 4 years ever since then.graduatedbegantaughtmovedhave taught/have been teaching1999now20054 years5 years1) He was hoping to go abro

26、ad but his parents _ that they wont support him unless he can borrow money from the bank.(2005湖北)were deciding B. have decided C. decided D. will decide2) Millions of pounds worth of damage _by a storm which swept across the north of England last night. （2005重庆） has been caused B. had been caused C.

27、 will be caused D. will have been caused 3)The window is dirty. I know. It _ for weeks.（2004全国卷）hasnt cleaned B. didnt clean C. wasnt cleaned D. hasnt been cleaned注：由终止性动词leave, arrive, come, go, return, begin, start, put, stop, die, fall, buy, borrow, see等构成的完成时不能与for或since引导的时间状语连用。但这些终止性动词的否定式可以与

28、for或since短语连用。Eg. I havent met him for two years. 3.考查现在完成时与一般过去式的区别：一般过去时着重说明动作发生的时间、地点、方式等，与现在不发生联系，且句中一般有表示过去的时间状语；而现在完成时只说明现在的情况，对现在有影响。 Where _the recorder? I cant see it anywhere.（98NMET） I _ it right here. But now its gone.A. did you put; have put B. have you put; put C. had you put; was putt

29、ing D. were you putting; putThe CCTV has been broadcasting English programs ever since 1977.1977now六、对现在完成进行时的考查构成: have / has been+ doing概念: 表示从过去某一时刻发生的动作，一直延续到现在，并且还可能继续下去。现在完成进行时与现在完成时的区别如下：1.现在完成时与现在完成进行时 I have written an article. I have been writing an article. 2.有些延续性动词，如live, teach, work, s

30、tudy, learn, stay等因现在完成时与现在完成进行时差别不大。I have lived here for ten years. = I have been living here for ten years.Notes：表短暂动作的动词（finish, marry, get up, come, go等）一般不能用现在完成进行时。强调：已完成性强调：持续性，未完成性1)Now that she is out of a job, Lucy_going back to school, but she hasnt decided yet.（2004年北京卷）had considered B

31、. has been considering C. considered D. is going to consider2) - Hi, Tracy, you look tired. “- I am tired. I _ the living room all day. A. painted B. had painted C. have been painting D. have painted 七、对过去完成时态的考查过去完成时，经常以“过去”为背景，要想表达比这一背景更早的动作，即“过去的过去”，常用此时态。Eg. When we got to the theatre, they had

32、sold all the tickets. What a pity!had sold gotNow过去的过去1. George and Lucy got married last week. Did you go to their wedding?No, I _. Did they have a big wedding? （2004年湖北卷）A. was not invited B. have not been invited C. hadnt been invited D. didnt invite2. John and I _ friends for eight years. We fir

33、st got to know each other at a Christmas party. But we _ each other a couple of times before that. (02 北京春) A. had been; have seen B. have been; have seen C. had been; had seen D. have been; had seen; 3. 我原打算来的，但太忙了。（mean）I had meant to come, but I was too busy.had meant/planned/intended to do,表示过去未

34、曾实现的愿望、打算、想法等。常见考点有：把过去完成时放在含有when, before, after, until, as soon as等引导的时间状语从句的复合句中考查。1) When the old man _ to walk back to his house, the sun _ itself behind the mountain.（2005年湖北卷）A. started; had already hidden B. had started; had already hidden C. had started; was hiding D. was starting; hid把过去完成

35、时放在by + 过去时间点或by the time + 从句（一般过去时）的句子里考查。By the end of last year, another new gymnasium _ in Beijing.（2003年上海春）A. would be completed B. was being completed C. has been completed D. had been completed1.-Do you work here? -No, I dont really work here. I _ until the new secretary comes.just help out

36、B. have just helped outC. am just helping outD. will just help out举一反三破定势造成思维定式的干扰因素：comes从现主将误选just初中老师说：完成时标志误选B题眼：I dont really work here暂时性工作正确选项 CJust 的多义：刚正只不过引起祈使句2. I_in London for many years，but Ive never regretted my final decision to move back to China. (重庆卷). lived B. was livingC. have l

37、ived D. had lived造成思维定势的干扰因素：for many years初中老师说：完成时标志误选C/D解题关键：For many years 与现在无联系一般过去时A一句辨析：1999Now200920054 years6 years1 year I began to teach English in 1999. By 2005 ,I _(teach) English for 6 years. / I _(teach) English in the country for 6 years. Then , I moved here and since 2005, I _(teac

38、h ) here .That is to say, I_(teach) English here for 4 years. Now I have got a plan -I _(stay) in the USA for 1 year, brushing up my English.(a joke) Mike was walking in the street when he met Tom.M: - It _ 2 months since I last saw you.(be) T: - I have just returned from abroad.M: - Is it the first

39、 time you _ abroad?(be)T: - Yes. And hardly _ I _ there when I was struck by its beauty. (arrive)M: - How do you find your trip?T:- Very good. To tell the truth, its the most unforgettable trip I _. (ever have)M: Im glad to hear that. By the way, I am leaving for a meeting now. It _ (be) 20 minutes before it_. (start)is/has beenhave beenhave ever had三、时态的特殊句式had arrivedwill bestarts Mike was walking in the street when he met Tom.M: -