高中虚拟语气 完整版课件

1、SubjunctiveMood 虚拟语气的主要内容一、非真实条件句（if等）中的虚拟语气时态一致 2. 混合条件句 3. 含蓄条件句 4. 倒装句 5. If only 感叹二、名词性从句的虚拟语气：宾语从句、主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句三、几种特殊的虚拟语气句式wish、as if/though、would rather、Its time Its necessary/strange/matural/inportant+that从句陈述语气陈述事实或提出看法,有肯定,否定,疑问或感叹等形式I went to the theatre yesterday.Jack hadnt come back

2、 home yet.祈使语气请求,邀请, 命令,警告或劝告等Lets go.Dont touch anything on the table until the bell rings.一. 语气的分类虚拟语气虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式，一是用来表示说话人所说的话不是一个事实，而是一种假设、猜测、怀疑等(在条件从句中或让步状语从句中)；一是表示说话人的愿望、要求、命令、建议等 (在宾语从句、主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句)。虚拟语气的概念虚拟语气一、在条件从句中 (叫虚拟条件句)，表示与事实相反的条件。分三种情况(以 do 为例)：表示与事实情况相反条件从句的谓语形式主句的谓语形式表示现在情况

3、过去式(did)(be常用 were)Would / could / might / should (用于第1人称) +动词原形(do)表示过去情况过去完成式(had +done)Would / could / might / should +have done表示将来情况过去式 (did)/(were)should + do were to doWould / could / might / should + do虚拟语气在 在条件从句中1.If I had HIV, I would know because I would feel sick.2.If I were you, I woul

4、d give AIDS patient a hug.3. If I had taken your advice, I wouldnt have made a mistake.4. If he had been there, it wouldnt have happened.（与现在事实相反）（与过去事实相反）5.If it should rain tomorrow, they wouldnt go for an outing.6.I think we could do it, if we planned it properly and could borrow the tools.7. If

5、we were to have three days off , we would enjoy a very happy life.(与将来事实相反)2、错综时间的虚拟句通常情况下,在非真实条件句中主句和从句的谓语动词所指时间是一致的, 但有时也可能指不同的时间,这时要根据上下文的意思采用不同的谓语动词形式.1. If I were you, I would have taken his advice. (从句指现在, 主句指过去)。2. If I had taken my raincoat with me this morning, I would not be wet now. (从句指过

6、去,主句指现在)。3. If we hadnt been working hard in the past few years, things wouldnt be going so smoothly.（从句指过去，主句指现在）。4. If the weather had been more favorable, the crops would be growing still better.（从句指过去，主句指现在）。5. If we had not got everything ready by now, we should be having a more terrible time t

7、omorrow. （从句指现在，主句指将来） 3、含蓄条件句有时假设的情况并不以条件从句表示出来,二是暗含在上下文中,比如通过介词短语来表示。这些介词常是：but for, without, otherwise等。如： But for your advice, I could not have done it so successfully. 如果不是听了你的建议，我就不会做的如此成功。The change could not have taken place without the open-door policy.没有开放的政策，就不会有如此大的变化。I was so busy then,

8、 Otherwise, I would have told him the answer.我当时很忙，否则，我就会把答案告诉他的。虚拟语气4、省略 if 的条件从句当从句中有 were, had 或 should 时，可省略if ，而把它们放在句首。If I were to meet him tomorrow, I should ask him about it. Were I to meet him tomorrow,If he should fail in the experiment this time, he would try again. Should he fail in the

9、 experiment If you had come a few minutes earlier, you would have met him.虚拟语气在 在条件从句中Had you come a few.5 . If only 要是就好了 If only I knew his name! If only we had followed your advice! If only I could see him again!要是我们的父母能和我们住在一起就好了。要是我没错过火车就好了！If only our parents could live with us!If only I hadnt

10、 missed the train!a. If they _ (be) here, they _ (take) your advice.b. If the world-war _ (burst) out again, what _ (happen) to our people on earth?werewould takeburstwould happenPRACTICE 1: Fill in the blanks.c. If the policeman _ (be not) in that room now, it _ (be) very dangerous.d. If I _ (be) i

11、n your position at this time, I _ (ask) for teachers help .were notcould bewerewould askIf he _ more carefully, he _ the car accident yesterday.had driven would not have had a. If Tom _ (be) more careful in the exam, he _ (pass) it already.b. If you _ (get) up earlier, you _ (catch) the first train.

12、had beenwould have passedhad gotwould have caughtPRACTICE 2: Fill in the blanksc. If I _ (meet) you yesterday, we _ (go) to the concert together.had metwould have gone3. 名词性从句的虚拟语气。主要是表示命令、要求、建议的虚拟语气。宾语从句。常见动词：一个坚持：insist两个命令：order, command 三个建议：advise, suggest, propose五个要求：demand , require, request

13、, desire ask 这些动词后面的宾语从句要使用虚拟语气用法。即从句中的动词 使用should + 动词原形，或者将should省略。我们建议Tom 去休息一下。他坚决要求我到场。国王命令囚犯明天要实施死刑。他们要求我们派他们去那儿工作。We suggested that Tom have a rest.He insisted that I (should )be present.The king ordered that the prisoners be killed the next day.They requested that we (should) send them to w

14、ork there.虚拟语气在：在宾语从句中 注意:insist / suggest 各有两意思，要用不同的语气 表“坚决要求”,虚拟, should + do; 表“坚称,坚持说”,陈述语气,表事实。 表“建议”，虚拟, should + do; 表“表明、暗示” ，用陈述语气。The teacher suggested that we _ more after class. （我们课后多练习） The look on her face suggested that she _happyHe insisted that all of us _there on time by any mean

15、s. （我们大家想尽办法按时去那儿）He insisted that he _ the wallet(没有偷钱包).insistsuggest(should) practisewasshould bedidnt steal 以上动词相应的名词构成的名词性从句包括主语从句，表语从句和同位语从句也要使用虚拟语气。从句中的动词形式一样。 即：(should)V. order, advice, suggestion, proposal, demand, request, desireIts suggested that the plan be carried out.My demand is that

16、 she should come to see me once a week.All of us are for the advice that the chemical factory should be closed down.二：虚拟语气特殊句型：wish 的宾语从句现在：过去：将来：过去时（were）过去完成时would/could/might+V. shouldI wish I were a bird.（现在）I wish I hadnt made such a mistake.（过去）We wish our parents wouldnt punish us. （将来）as if,

17、 as though 引起的从句，其用法同 wish 构成的宾语从句一样As if/though和wish用法相同He looks as if he were drunk.They talked as if they had been friends for years. She loves the baby as if it were her own son. It seems as if it were spring. I remembered the whole thing as if it had happened yesterday.2. would rather (that)现在：

18、过去：将来：I would rather you paid me now. I would rather you had gone, too.Dont come. I would rather you came tomorrow.过去时过去时过去完成时3.Its (about/high) time +(that)should +V.过去时你该走了。我们该去睡觉了。Its high time that you went.Its high time that you were going.Its high time that you should go.Its time that we went

19、to bed.Its time that we should go to bed. (Should不可省略)4. Its necessary /strange/ natural/ important + that-Clause 从句中的动词要用虚拟，即（should）+动词原形It is important that we ( should ) master a foreign language.It is strange that she refuse to come to the party.Its necessary that we should study hard.If I were

20、 you, I _ buy the house right now. A. wont B. dont C. wouldnt D. cant2. _more careful, his ship would not have sunk. A. If the captain were B. If the captain had been C. Should the captain be D. If the captain would have been 3.You didnt let me drive. If we _ in turn, you _ so tired. A. drovedidnt g

21、et B. had drivenwouldnt have gotC. drovewouldnt get D. were drivingwouldnt get 4.- Would you have called her up _ possible?- Yes, but I _ busy doing my homework. A. had it been /was B. if it was/ were C. if it had been /had been D. if it were would beA5.I_before,but I was ill.A.Had written B.have wr

22、ittenC.Would have written D.would write6.He_you more help,even though he was very busy.A.might have given B.might giveC.may have given D.may give7. If you _ him yesterday, you _ what to do now. A.asked would know B.had asked would have knownC. asked him know D. had asked would knowIf he had not been

23、 busy8.Jack _ yet, otherwise he would have phoned me. (N 97)mustnt have arrived B. shouldnt have arrivedC. cant have arrived D. neednt have arrived9. How I wish every family _ a large house with a beautiful garden! (02 上海) A. hasB. hadC. will haveD. had had10. When a pencil is partly in a glass of w

24、ater, it looks as if it _. (95 N) A. breaksB. has broken C. were broken D. had been broken.11- Do you mind if I leave the window open? - Well, Id rather you _ . A. dont B. didnt C. wont D. mustnt12. Its half past eleven. Its high time _ home. A. well B. wed C. were going D. we went13.The teacher dem

25、anded that the work _ before 4 oclock. A. finished B. be finished C. should finish D. finish14. Is it necessary that he _ the examination? A. takes B. has to take C. must takeD. take15. It is strange that he _ you this. A. would tell B. should tell C. had told D. has told虚拟语气Alan _ the party if he h

26、ad gone to London. A. would have missed B. had missed C. would miss D. missed2.It was the drug，not the disease，that killed the boy.He would be still alive today if he _ that drug.A.not take B. hadnt takenC. didnt takeD. shouldnt have takenExercises虚拟语气3. If only I _ to my parents! (But I didnt.) A.

27、listened B. had listened C. should listen D. would listen4. Tom suggested that Ann _ the house. A. sell B. sold C. shall sell D. would sell5. I wish this bus _ to the university.A. go B. went C. has gone D. had gone虚拟语气6. Simon looks as though he never _ a square meal(吃得饱), though his parents feed him very well. A. get B. getting C. got D. should get7. He is talking so much about America as if he _ there. A. had