八大奇迹课件

1、The eight wonders of the world世界八大奇迹The hanging gardens of Babylon古巴比伦空中花园The Pharos of Alexandria亚历山大灯塔The Colossus of Rhodes罗德港巨人雕像The Temple of Zeus at Olympia奥林匹亚宙斯神像The Temple of Artemis at Ephesus阿尔忒弥斯神庙The Mausoleum of Halicarnassus 摩索拉斯陵墓The Pyramids of Egypt埃及金字塔Emperor qinshihuang Terra Co

2、tta Warriors秦陵兵马俑FIRST :The hanging gardens of Babylon古巴比伦空中花园建立时间:公元前604年至562年间。地点:伊拉克(Republic of Iraq)首都巴格达(Baghdad)以南56英里处 。由古巴比伦国王尼布甲尼撒二世为他最爱的王后而建造的。王后是米底人，尼布甲尼撒二世为她建造了这座奇幻的高大建筑以便使她可以经常望乡。空中花园上栽满了许多奇花异草，并有完整的供水系统。当时看到它的古希腊人称之为世界奇迹 。The Hanging Gardens of Babylon, perhaps built by King Nebuchadn

3、ezzar II about 600 bc, were a mountainlike series of planted terraces. Ancient historians report that Babylon at that time was dazzling in the splendor of its palace and temple buildings, fortification walls, and paved processional ways. The Hanging Gardens consisted of several tiers of platform ter

4、races built upon arches and extending to a great height. Accounts of their height range from about 24 m (80 ft) to a less reliable estimate of more than 90 m (300 ft). Trees and colorful plants and flowers grew on the terraces, irrigated with water brought up from the Euphrates River. Archaeologists

5、 have discovered remains of walls along the Euphrates that may have belonged to the Hanging Gardens. The hanging gardens of Babylon古巴比伦空中花园SECOND :The Pharos of Alexandria亚历山大灯塔The Pharos of Alexandria was an ancient lighthouse located on an island in the harbor of Alexandria, Egypt. The lighthouse,

6、 built about 280 bc during the reign of Ptolemy II, stood more than 134 m (440 ft) tallabout as high as a 40-story building. A fire was kept burning at its top to welcome sailors. Storms and an earthquake had damaged the lighthouse by 955 ad; an earthquake completely destroyed it during the 14th cen

7、tury.The Pharos of Alexandria亚历山大灯塔世界公认的古代八大奇观有两个在埃及，一个是名列八大奇迹之首的吉萨金字塔，另一个就是名列第七位的亚历山大灯塔(The Lighthouse of Alexandria)。它不带有任何宗教色彩，纯粹为人民实际生活而建，亚历山大灯塔的烛光在晚上照耀着整个亚历山大港，保护着海上的船只，另外，它亦是当时世上最高的建筑物。 亚历山大灯塔的遗址在埃及亚历山大城边的法罗斯岛上。公元前330年，不可一世的马其顿国王亚历山大大帝攻占了埃及，并在尼罗河三角洲西北端即地中海南岸，建立了一座以他名字命名的城市。这是一座战略地位十分重要的城市，在以后的

8、100年间，它成了埃及的首都，是世界上最繁华的城市之一，而且也是整个地中海世界和中东地区最大最重要的一个国际转运港。THIRED:The Colossus of Rhodes罗德港巨人雕像建造时间:公元前4世纪晚期，或2世纪早期。建造地点:爱琴海(Aegean Sea)，希腊罗德港。公元前的罗德岛是重要的商务中心，它位于爱琴海和地中海的交界处，罗德港于公元前408年建成。历史上罗德岛曾经被许多势力统治过，其中包括摩索拉斯(他的陵墓也是八大奇迹之一)和亚历山大大帝。但在亚历山大大帝归天之后，全岛又陷入了长时间的战争。马其顿侵略者德米特里带领四万军队(这已超过了整个岛上的人口)包围了港口。经过艰苦

9、的战争，罗德岛人击败了侵略者。为了庆祝这次胜利，他们决定用敌人遗弃的青铜兵器修建一座雕像。雕像修筑了十二年，它有110英尺高，也就是说，和大家熟知的纽约自由神像的高度差不多。雕像是中空的，里面用复杂的石头和铁的支柱加固。但这个伟大的雕像建成仅仅56年后就被强烈地震毁坏了。传说中雕像两腿分开站在港口上，船只是从腿中间过去(右图为其假想图)，但实际上雕像不是跨越在港口上。The Temple of Zeus at Olympia奥林匹亚宙斯神像宙斯(Zeus)希腊众神之神，是奥林匹亚(Olympia)的主神。为表崇拜而兴建的宙斯神像是当世最大的室内雕像，宙斯神像所在的宙斯神殿则是奥林匹克运动会的发

10、源地。拜占庭的菲罗撰写记述世界七大奇迹说：“我们以其他六大奇迹为荣，而敬畏宙斯神像。”FIFTH:The Temple of Artemis at Ephesus阿尔忒弥斯神庙建造时间：公元前550年建造地点：希腊城邦埃斐索斯，即土耳其西海岸。古希腊神话中的狩猎女神、月神，奥林匹斯主神之一，亦被视为野兽的保护神。阿尔忒弥斯为主神宙斯与暗夜女神勒托之女，阿波罗的孪生姊姐姐，生于阿斯特里岛(提洛岛)。相传勒托在阿尔忒弥斯出生九天后又在阿尔忒弥斯的协助下生下阿波罗(Apollo)。The Temple of Artemis at Ephesus阿尔忒弥斯神庙The Temple of Artemis

11、 at Ephesus in Asia Minor, built after 356 bc, combined great size with elaborate ornamentation. Artemis, known as Diana to the Romans, was goddess of the hunt. An imposing temple in her honor was built in Ephesus in what is now Turkey in the 6th century bc and rebuilt after it burned in 356 bc. Arc

12、haeologists estimate that the temple measured 104 m (342 ft) in length and 50 m (164 ft) in width. Its 127 stone columns stood more than 18 m (60 ft) tall. The temple was destroyed by the Goths in ad 262. The Pyramids of Egypt were built on the west bank of the Nile River at Giza during the 4th Dyna

13、sty (about 2575 to about 2467 bc). The oldest of the seven wonders, the pyramids are the only one remaining nearly intact today. Their white stone facing was later removed for use as building material in Cairo. The largest of the pyramids is that of King Khufu, which is sometimes known as the Great

14、Pyramid. It covers an area of over 4.8 hectares (12 acres). According to the Greek historian Herodotus, ten years were required to prepare the site and 100,000 laborers worked thereafter for 20 years to complete the pyramid, which contains the kings tomb. Some lists include only the Great Pyramid, r

15、ather than all the pyramids (see Pyramids). The Pyramids of Egypt埃及金字塔EIGHTH:Emperor qinshihuang Terra Cotta Warriors秦陵兵马俑中国历史上首次完成中国统一的皇帝秦始皇的陵墓的陪葬坑，位于秦始皇陵陵园东侧1500米处3。先在陪葬坑原址上建成的秦始皇陵兵马俑博物馆是中国最大的古代军事博物馆。它显示出了大秦帝国的繁华和强盛。1961年，中华人民共和国国务院将秦始皇陵定为全国文物重点保护单位。对秦始皇陵园第一次全面的考古勘察始于1962年，考古人员绘制出了陵园第一张平面布局图，经探测，陵园范围有56.25平方公里，相当于近78个故宫，引起考古界轰动。1987年，秦始皇陵及兵马俑坑被联合国教科文组织批准列入世界遗产名录。1978年9月，法国