初中英语语法可数名词与不可数名词课件

1、Unit 3Module 2 The natural worldOxford EnglishThe EarthWhat things are there on Earth?plantfieldmountainriverforestpollutionwaterlandairfoodrubbishseaanimallightplaceBrainstormingUncountable nounsanimalplacerivermountainfieldforestplantlightpollutionairrubbishlandwaterfoodseaCountable and uncountabl

2、e nouns In English, we can count some things, e.g. rivers and mountains. We cannot count other things, e.g. water and air. Countable nounsUncountable nounsone animal, two animalssome rubbishI have a world map at home. There is an article about the Earth.All plants need light and water. This plant is

3、 beautiful. These animals are dangerous.Air has no smell.Water is important.Work out the rulecountable noun (可数名词uncountable noun： (不可数名词 _数 前面通常有_ 或 _ _数加s/ es等其他变化 无_形式，前面不能加_或_，后面不能加s/es.单aan复复数aan可数名词复数形式可数名词的复数形式，通常是在单数形式后加“-s或“-es，其变化如下：1. 一般情况在词尾加-s，例如： book books pen pens girl girls2. 以s, x,

4、 ch, sh结尾的词加-es，例如： bus buses watch watches box boxes brush brushes3. 以辅音字母加y结尾的词，变y为i再加-es，例如： city cities country countries family families 4. 以o结尾的词多数加-es，例如： hero heroes tomato tomatoes potato potatoes 例外：photo photos piano pianos5. 以f或fe结尾的词，多数变f为v，再加-es，例如： knife knives leaf leaves half halves

5、 6. 少数名词有不规那么的复数形式，例如： man men woman women tooth teeth child children 写出以下名词的复数形式1. tomato _2. she _ 3. peach _4. watch _5. bus _6. factory _7. foot _8. life _9. box _ 10. bag _11. map _12. house _13. shelf _14. dictionary _tomatoestheypeacheswatchesbusesfactoriesfeetlivesboxesbagsmapshousesshelvesd

6、ictionaries不可数名词一般没有复数形式，不能与不定冠词a, an连用。如果要表示“量，可以用如下方法：1. 用much, a little, little, a lot of, some等表示，例如： He has a lot of money. 他有很多钱。 There is some milk in the glass. 玻璃杯里有一些牛奶不可数名词的量的表示2. 用“数词+名词量+ of +不可数名词，例如： a piece of paper a bottle of milk a cup of coffee two pieces of paper three bottles o

7、f milk four cups of coffee a piece of a loaf of a slice ofWe use them with (countable/uncountable) nouns.翻译以下短语1. 一个苹果 _2. 一杯茶 _3. 三个男孩 _4. 五张纸 _5. 一些水果 _6. 很多学生 _7. 很多人 _an applea cup of teathree boysfive pieces of papersome fruitsmany studentsmany peopleA1 Read the sentences below and decide wheth

8、er the nouns in red are countable or uncountable. Write the words in the correct columns.Grammar exercises1 There is grass in a forest.2 Do not throw rubbish into the river.3 The air is fresh in the mountains. 4 The flowers are beautiful. Let me take a photo.5 We should drink water every day. Here i

9、s a glass for you. countableuncountableforestrivermountainsflowersphotoglassgrassrubbishairwaterbottle/milkbox/eggbowl/riceglass/waterbag/applecup/coffee123456S1: Whats this? S2: Its a bottle. S1: Whats inside it? S2: Some milk. S1: What are these? S2: Theyre boxes. S1: Whats inside them? S2: Some e

10、ggs. A2 In pairs, ask and answer questions about each photo. Follow the example. 3. S1: Whats this? S2: Its a bowl. S1: Whats inside it? S2: Some rice.4. S1: Whats this? S2: Its a glass. S1: Whats inside it? S2: Some water.5. S1: What are these? S2: Theyre cups. S1: Whats inside them? S2: Some coffe

11、e.6. S1: What are these? S2: Theyre bags. S1: Whats inside them? S2: Some apples. B Using there is/are Describe the pictures above with the sentence pattern below:There is/are _ on the table.When to use?We often use there is or there are to say that something exists somewhere.There isa beautiful wor

12、ld under the water. a lot of pollution on Earth.Is there any water in the glass?Yes, there is. No, there isnt. There are different plants and animals on Earth.Are there five apples in the bag?Yes, there are.No, there arent.How to use?there be句型肯定句： there is/are.否认句： there isnt /arent .否认句： Is there.

13、? Are there .?Note the difference below: There _ a glass of water and three apples on the table.There _ three apples and a glass of water on the table. Things to rememberthere is = _there is not = _there are not = _theresthere isntthere arentisare We use _ with a singular noun or an uncountable noun

14、. 单数名词和不可数名词前 We use _ with a plural noun. 复数名词前Work out the rule there is there are1. 当be动词后的名词是单数可数名词或不可数名词时，be应该用单数is；其后的名词是复数的可数名词时，be应该用复数are. eg. There _ a man over there. There _ some water in the bottle. There _ many students in the playground.isisarethere be 句型中的be应和其后出现的名词保持一致，即“就近原那么。 eg.

15、 There is an apple in the basket. There are some bananas in the basket. There is an apple and some bananas in the basket. There are some bananas and an apple in the basket.Jane: (1)_ pollution in the sea. What can we do to help protect the sea? Danny: (2)_ many things we can do. We can have a beach

16、clean-up day. You see, (3)_ always many bottles on the beaches. They pollute the sea. Jane: Thats a good idea! What else can we do? Danny: We can ask people not to eat shark fin soup. (4)_ a seafood restaurant near your home? Jane: No, (5)_. (6)_ any other things we can do to help? Grammar exerciseJ

17、ane is asking Danny about what they can do to help protect the sea. Complete their conversation with there is (not), is there, there are or are there. There isThere areThere areIs therethere isntAre there1. There _ not _ milk in the cup on the table.are, many B. are, much C. is, many D. is, much2. H

18、ow many _ are there in the room?apple B. students C. milk D. paper3. How many boys _ there in Class One?be B. is C. are D. am4. There _ a lot of good news in todays newspaper.A. is B. are C. was D. wereDBCA5. There _ pencil-box, two books and some flowers on the desk.is a B. are some C. has a D. hav

19、e some6. Is there any water or air on the moon? _.A. Yes, there are B. No, there isntC. Yes, there isnt D. No, there is7. There _ a film tomorrow evening,A. will have B. have C. is going to be D. hasABC8. Is this the last exam we have to take? No, but there _ another test three weeks later.A. will b

20、e going to B. is C. will be D. has been9. There _ a football match on TV tonight.A. will have B. is going to be C. has D. is going to have10. There is a truck _ rubbish outside.A. collects B. collecting C. collected D. collectCBB11. _ any flowers on both sides of the street?A. Is there B. Are there

21、C. Has D. Have12. There are two students _ in that room.A. sings B. sing C. are singing D. singingBD1. 你们班有多少学生？2. 你的钱包里有多少钱？3. There are seven days in a week?4. There is a knife over there.5. There is a little milk in the glass.How many students are there in your class?How much money is there in yo

22、ur purse?How many days are there in a week?Where is the knife?What is in the glass?1. Could you give us _ ? Sure.A. some bottles of waters B. some bottles of watersome bottle of water D. some bottle of waters2. There is some _ on the plate.cakes B. meat C. potato D. pears3. The little baby has two _

23、 already.A. tooth B. tooths C. teeth D. toothesBBC 4. Its dangerous here. We should let _ go first.woman and children B. women and childC. women and childs D. women and children5. Sheep _ white and milk _ also white.is, are B. are, is C. is, is D. are, are6. Her two brothers are both _ .A. Policeman B. policemans C. policemen D. policemensDBC7. There are four _ and two _ in the group. A. Japanese; Germen B. Japaneses; Germen C. Japanese; Germans8. Two _