九年级期中复习之语法复习(被动、比较级、完成时)课件

1、语法复习-形容词、副词用法例 句补充说明作定语This is an interesting bookI have nothing important to tell you形容词作定语时放在被修饰词之前，修饰不定代词放在后面作表语The work is difficultShe looks happy today作表语与系动词连用作宾补Please keep the room clean I find it very beautiful1、形容词的作用sunrainwindcloudfriendcareinterestuse2.名词变形容词的方法sunnyrainywindycloudycar

2、efulcarelessinterestinginterestedfriendlyusefuluseless二、形容词变成副词的方法adj. + ly = adv. e.g. regular-regularly以y结尾去y ily e.g. angry-angrily辅音+le 结尾，去e变y e.g. possible-possibly gentle-gently4. 形容词和副词同形 e.g. hard, fast, free, early, late5. 特殊变化 e.g. good-well, true-truly三、副词的作用副词修饰动词 e.g. be washed regular

3、ly副词修饰形容词 e.g. feel extremely unhappy副词修饰副词 e.g. love you extremely faithfully副词修饰整个句子 e.g. Luckily, he caught the bus.常考的以e结尾的题型extreme, fortunate, safe, polite gentle, possible comfortable true+ly去e变ytruly词 尾 变 化原级比较级最高级单音节词在词尾加-er或-est以字母e接尾的词加r或stTall hard large wide以重读闭音节结尾的词末尾只有一个辅音字母应双写辅音字母再加

4、er或estBig hot thin fat wet 以辅音字母+y结尾的词变为i再加er,或estHappy dry early以ly结尾的副词前加more和most slowly widely 多音节词和部分双音节词在其前面加more 和most Difficult popular 1. 规则变化taller harder larger wider tallest hardest largest widestbigger hotter fatter wetterbiggest hottest fattest wettest happier drier earlierhappiest dri

5、est earliestmore slowly more widelymost slowly most widelymore difficult more popularmost difficult most popular三、形容词和副词的级形容词和副词有三个等级： 原级、比较级、最高级1.原级：即形容词和副词的原形。 small, good, pretty, big, many hard, happily, slowly, quickly 程度副词 very, too, so, quite，rather等修饰形容词和副词的原级。 如：very tall、 too hot、 so cold

6、quite interesting rather quickly 形容词原级的常用句型汤姆比麦克高Tom is as tall as Mike.as+形容词原形+as汤姆比麦克大三轮Tom is three times as old as Mike.汤姆没有彼得高Tom is not as/so tall as Peter.比较级的主要句型有：1）疑问句+动词+比较级,A or B? 谁画得更好，Tom 还是Jim? Who draws better ,Tom or Jim? (3 ) the +比较级 of the two 两者之中较 Jim是双胞胎中较高的一个 Jim is the tal

7、ler of the twins . (2) 比较级+ and+比较级，表示越来越 天气变得越来越暖。 The weather gets warmer and warmer. 玛丽变得越来越漂亮。 Mary gets more and more beautiful.the +比较级 , the + 比较级,表示越越 他说越忙越好。 He says, “the busier ,the better.”5）比较级 than any other n. （单）同一范围 = all the other n.（复） any n.(单) 不同范围 他比我们班里的任何一个学生高。 He is taller t

8、han any other student in my class.=He is taller than all the other students in my class. 他比隔壁班的任何一个学生高。He is tall than any student in the neighbouring class.3. 最高级 : 形容词的最高级主要标志有of, in among: 标志性词 the + 最高级 +of in / amongJim 在我们当中工作最努力。Jim works hardest of us all.妈妈在家里最忙碌。My mother is the busiest in

9、 my family.(2) 形容词的最高级前+the, 副词的最高级前the可省略 (3)one of the+最高级+名词复数 最之一鲁迅是最伟大的作家之一。 Lu Xun is one of the greatest writers .(5) the + 序数词 + 最高级 表示 第 最 长江是中国第一大长河。 Changjiang is the first longest river in China . 黄河是中国第二大长河。 Huanghe is the second longest river in China . (6) 某人的+最高级 （包括形容词性物主代词) 表达“ 某人的

10、最” 最高级前省略定冠词theeg . Linda is my sisters best friend. 1、The bread is _ than these cakesA、very delicious B. much delicious C. more delicious D. as delicious2. Lin Tao jumped _ in the long jump in the school sports meeting A. far B. farther C. farthest D. quite far3. When they met in the hotel . They t

11、alked and laughed _A.happily B. happy C. happier D. happiest4.which is _ season in Beijing ?A.good B. better C. best D. the best CCAD5. A horse is _ than a dog much heavy B. more heavier C. much heavier 6. Emma always makes a lot of mistakes . She is _care B. careful C. carefully D. careless7. Which

12、 subject is _ , physics or chemistry ?interesting B. most interesting C. more interesting D. the most interesting CDC8. He is _ enough to carry the heavy box strong B. stronger C. much stronger . D. the strongest 9. Li lei often talks _ but does _ so everyone says he is a good boy A less more B. few

13、 much C. more little D. little many 10. When the famous singer started to sing , everyone began to shout very _ loudly B. loud C.heavily D. high AAADo some exercises同义句转换He is the tallest student in his class. He is _ _ _ _ student in his class. He is _ _ _ _ students in his class.taller than any ot

14、her taller than the other2.Peter draws well, Lilei draws better. Lilei draws _ of the two.3.The tractor goes faster than the bike. The bike goes _ _ than the tractor.4.His cakes dearer than the twins cakes. His cake is _ _ of the three.the bettermore slowlythe dearest用所给词的适当形式填空1.Spring is coming. T

15、he weather is getting_ and _. (warm)2.The _exercise you take, the _you will be. ( much; strong)3. He plays football _ of all the boys. (badly) 4. A spaceship travels much_ than an ordinary plane. (slow)5. Japanese is used _than Korean in the world. (wide) warmerwarmermorestrongerworstmore slowlymore

16、 widelyWhich does Jimmy like ,Chinese or Art? A. well B. best C. better D. much2. The Chang jiang River is one of in the world. A. the longest river B. longest rivers C. the longest rivers D. longer rivers3. of the two women is Mrs Brown. A. The beautiful B. The more beautiful C. More beautiful D. T

17、he most beautiful4. My mooncake is nicer his. A. like B. with C. for D. than CCBD9. The pen is than that one. A. more cheap B. cheap C. much cheaper D. quite cheaper10.Tom speaks Chinese better than Jimmy. A. more B. very C. a lot of D. much 11.There are girls in Class Two than in Class Four. A. mor

18、e B. nicest C. most D. best 12.Its too for you to do that. A. easy B. more dangerous C. harder D. the easiestCDAA13.Who has apples now, Jim, Lily or Lucy? A. much B. biggest C. better D. the most 14.You have more rulers than me. But are nicer than . A.mine, yours B. mine, your C. my, yours D. my, yo

19、ur15.Lucy is than Meimei, but Meimei is_ than Lucy. A. tall, stronger B. taller, strongest C. tallest, strong D. taller, stronger16.Mother is in my family. A. busy B. busier C. the busiest D. more busyADCD被动语态the simple present tense(一般现在时)the simple past tense (一般过去时)the simple future tense(一般将来时)P

20、assive voice: be + done done was/ werepassive voice with modal verb (含情态动词)Summarycan/ must/ should be donewill be doneam /is/ are donebe donebe donebe donebe donePresent perfect tense (现在完成时）have / has been donePassive sentences with byWe can make passive sentences that tell us who or what does som

21、ething by adding phrases with by. The fish are removed from the birds mouths by the fisherman. Some of the fish are sold by Damins wife.被动语态中，动作的行为者用by More practice. Fill in the blanks with the given verb in its proper voice. A lot of water _ (waste) every year. Its a serious problem. (1999)2. “Rem

22、ember, Nobody _ (allow) to eat or drink in the computer room,” the assistant said to the new students. (2003)3. Yangpu Bridge _ (build) in 1993. (1995)4. The Conference on Scaling Up Poverty Reduction (扶贫大会) _ (hold) in Shanghai in May, 2004. (2004)5. The Eiffel Tower _ (design) by a French called G

23、ustave Eiffel over 100 years ago. (2004)is wastedis allowedwas builtwas designedwas held先确定时态，再看主语单复数6. When we got to the top, the sun had risen. There we _ (tell) to be earlier the next time. (2002)7. More money _ (spend) on education next year. (1996)8. More and more green lands _ (build) in our

24、city soon. (2001)9. Dont worry. You house _ (decorate) in a week. By Christmas you will be able to move in. (2003)More practicewere toldwill be spentwill be builtwill be decorated4. Where did they grow vegetables? (2000) Where _ vegetables _?5. We can store a lot of information in the computer. (199

25、6) A lot of information _ _ stored in the computer.6. We must keep the noise under 50 dbs (分贝) here. (2002) The noise must _ _ under 50 dbs here.More practice2. The students clean the windows of their classroom once a month. The windows of their classroom _ _ once a month.3. They took the wounded so

26、ldier to the field hospital. (1995) The wounded soldier _ _ to the field hospital. Turn the sentences into passive voice. 1. We publish our school newspaper twice a month. (2005) Our school newspaper _ _ twice a month. is publishedare cleanedwas takenwere growncan bebe kept先填过去分词，上面找时态，下面看主语被动语态的一些特

27、殊问题1.直接宾语和间接宾语的被动语态在含有双宾语的句子中。当间接宾语提前做主语时，剩下的直接宾语仍然放在动词的后面，被称为保留宾语；当把直接宾语提前做主语时，要在间接宾语的前面加上介词to或for。They gave me two books yesterday. 间接 直接宾语 I _ _ two books yesterday. (间接宾语做主语） Two books _ _ _ me yesterday. （直接宾语做主语）wasgivenweregiventoHis father bought him two books yesterday. 间接 直接宾语 He _ _ two b

28、ooks yesterday. Two books _ _ _ him yesterday.2. 部分感观动词(see, hear)和使役动词(make, let, have)后面不带to, 改成被动语态要加to。 Mother made Peter do housework everyday. Peter _ _ _ _ housework everyday.3 短语动词的被动语态不能省掉短语动词中的介词或副词wasboughtwereboughtforwas made to doHe sent for the doctor at once.The doctor _ _ _ at once.

29、4.主语是疑问词时，变被动语态要在疑问词前加byWho swept the floor?_ _was the floor swept?wassentforBy whomExFill in the blanks with the verbs in their passive voice:Large amounts of information _ (store) in the computer.I _ (invite) to give a lecture about Shakespeare last Week. _ I _ (give) an invitation next Sunday?Eng

30、lish _ also _ (speak) by people outside Britain and the United States.The ticket for the match _ (book) soon.How old are these houses? When _ (they/build)?is storedwas invitedwere they builtwill be bookedisspokenWillbe given1.Thousands of people visit the Forbidden City every day. The Forbidden City

31、 _ _by thousands of people .2. The fishermen used cormorants in China years ago. Cormorants _ _ by fishermen in China years ago. 3. They will repair this building next week. _ this building _ _ next week? is visitedwere usedWillbe repairedEx. 改写句子4. They have held a sports meeting in their school th

32、is year. A sports meeting _ _ _in their school this year.5. We must do something to stop the pollution. Something _ _ _to stop the pollution.6.We finally chose the Olympic Mascots on November 11 after many days of expecting. The Olympic Mascots _finally_ on November 11 after many days of expecting.h

33、as been heldmust be donewere chosen吉祥物7.Does Kitty often sing these English songs? _ these English songs often_ by Kitty?8.Did Lu Xun write this book? _this book _by Lu Xun?Are sungWaswritten9. The teacher made the students stand for a long time yesterday. The students _ _ _ stand for a long time ye

34、sterday.2. I usually hear him play the piano next to the room. He _ usually _ _ play the piano next to the room.make, let, see, hear, notice sb. do sth.变被动时不定式要加上to be made to dowere made to washeard to现在完成时I have finished correcting your homework.I have bought a pair of new shoes.(Now there is no h

35、omework for me to correct.)(Now I have a pair of new shoes.)现在完成时含义：1、过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响。2. 过去的动作一直持续到现在。We have planted the tress in the past threedays. (Now we still plant the tress.)Has Mum been to the flower market yet ?2. Has she bought a lot of frozen food yet?Yes, she_ to the flower market. has

36、already/just been No, she _any frozen food _.yet already和just用于肯定句中， yet用于否定句和疑问句中。现在完成时的标志1. already, just, yethasnt bought Have you ever visited China? Yes, _. No, Ive_ visited it.ever = at any timenever = not at any time现在完成时标志2. ever, neverI haveneverever 用于疑问句never 用于否定句 现在完成时的标志3. recently, up

37、 to now=so far (到目前为止） in the past few years, by等1. The number of children using the Internet _ (grow) to three times up to now.has grown2. A number of children using the Internet _(increase) to 25million in America recently.have increased易混淆的时间标志1.In the past, people _ (travel) from France to Brita

38、in by plane.2. In the past 10 years, people _(travel) from France to Britain by channel tunnel.3.They _(build) ten bridges across the river by now.4.They _ (build) six bridges across the river by last ledhave travelledhave builthad builtfor + 时间段 since + 时间点/句子(过去式)It has been dead for a

39、couple of days.It has been dead since a couple of days ago.How longHow long has it been dead ?It has been dead since we left here.现在完成时的标志 4. since, for1.Maya has been a professional singer _ 1989. 2.So far, it has rained _ five hours. 3.John has been a student here _ two years ago. 4.Mary has kept

40、a diary _ she _(be) ten years old. sinceforsincesincewas对划线部分提问。He has been a top fashion designer for a couple of years.The Smiths have lived in Shanghai since they came to China in 1980.How long has he been a top fashion designer?How long have the Smiths lived in Shanghai?The cat died a couple of

41、days ago.The cat _ _ _for a couple of days.has been deadI joined the army in 1998.I _ _ _the army since 1998.have been in He has arrived in Shanghai.He has arrived in Shanghai for three days.He has arrived in Shanghai since three days ago.He has been in shanghai for three days.since, for 与持续性动词连用 瞬间

42、动词 延续性动词 go/leave join die buy borrow begin/start put on fall ill come/arrive finish/ end get married be away (from)be in /atbe a member of/be inbe deadhavekeepbe onwearbe ill be overhave / has hadbe married保持句子原意，改写下面的句子。1. The old man died ten years ago.The old man _ _ _ for ten years.2. She came

43、here a while ago. She _ _ here for a while.3. The film began ten minutes ago.The film _ _ _ for ten minutes.has been deadhas beenhas been on4.James bought the watch a month ago. James _ _ the watch for a month.5.He left two hours ago. He _ _ _ for two hours.6.I borrowed this novel last month. I _ _

44、this novel for a month.7. He came to England three years ago. He _ _ _ England for three years.has hadhas been awayhave kepthave been in 区别have been (to), have gone (to), have been (in)He has been to England twice. 他去过英国两次。(现已回来）He has gone to England. 他去英国了。（他在英国或在路上）He has been in England for three years.他已经在英国呆了三年。（现在英国）have / has been to + 地点+次数, 去过某地have / has gone to + 地点, 在去某地的路上have / has been in + 地点+ for一段时间, 呆在某地一段 时间PracticeHe has _ Nanjing for two months. He enjoys the life there. a. gone to b. been to c. been in d. bee