中考英语复习备考：突破中考难点失分题-短文填空

1、翘题考难点失分题短文赌短文填空题主要考查学生综合运用英语的能力，通过中考阅卷我们发现，它 是中考中考生失分较多的一种题型。为了让同学们能够熟能生巧，攻克这一难 关，下面结合中考真题给大家作出指导。方法概述针对这一题型，考生可以采取以下步骤：.分析句子结构，找出句子所缺成分，确定所填单词的词性。.假设词性吻合，再结合实际语境和语法规那么来确定所填单词的具体形式， 得出最终答案。.假设词性不吻合，那么要将其转化为正确的形式。真题分析语言知识运用阅读下面短文，用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空，必要时可加助动词。(保 留原题号)I knew that my aunt, Betsey Trotwood,

2、lived somewhere near Dover, so I decided to look for her.I had to walk there and the journey took six long days. When I got to Dover, I asked a few people and they told me where 26_ (go).When Miss Betsey saw me, she shouted, “Go away! Dont walk on my grass! ”Tlease, madam, l said bravely, “please, A

3、unt Betsey.” What! she cried, 27 (look) at me in great surprise.Tlease, Aunt Betsey, Im your nephew David Copperfield. You came on the night I was born and saw my dear mother. My life 28 (be) very miserable since she died. My stepfather sent me to work in London and I hated it and ran away. Then som

4、eone stole my money and I had to walk.71 felt weak and suddenly fell to the ground.My aunt picked me up and took me into her sitting room. While I 29 (eat), my aunt asked me a lot of questions. I was tired after the long day. Soon I fell asleep in a warm, _30 (comfort) bed.Several days 31 (late) my

5、stepfather, Mr. Mudstone arrived. David is a very bad boy, violent and lazy, maybe the 32_ (bad) boy in the world, he said 33 (angry) . ”We found him a good job in London but he ran away. Now he must 34 (punish) ! ”Aunt Betsey listened to him carefully and 35_ (reply) , I dont believe a word you say

6、. I know youve been cruel to this boy and his poor mother. Ill look after David from now on. Now get out of here! ”【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了 David在妈妈去世后，生活变得很悲惨时, 他决定寻找姨妈求助。几经周折，他终于找到姨妈并与之相认，善良的姨妈没 有听信David继父的诽谤语言，并决定用自己的余生来照顾Davido【答案解析】to go where to go表示去哪里，此处是疑问词+动词不定式结构。looking句中已有谓语动词cried,故此处使用现在分

7、词作伴随状语。has been since是现在完成时的标志词，主语是第三人称单数，故用has been。was eating此处是while引导的时间状语从句，表示过去正在进行的动 作。comfortable用形容词作定语修饰名词bed,温暖舒服的床。later 一段时间+ later”表示一段时间后。worst根据比拟范围in the world”可知，用形容词的最高级。angrily用副词修饰动词，意为他生气地说。angry变副词时，要把y 变成i后，再加ly。be punished本句中的主语he是动作的承受者，要用情态动词的被动语态， 即：must + be + doneorepli

8、ed根据并列连词and前后的谓语动词一致原那么可知，其后也要用 一般过去时，故填replied。金十对这一题型，考生可以采取以下具体方法解题：.分析句子结构，找出句子所缺成分，确定所填单词的词性。(1)假设句子缺少主语,那么考虑填名词、代词、数词或动名词。(2)假设句子缺少谓语,那么考虑填动词。(3)假设句子缺少宾语,那么考虑填名词、代词、数词或动名词。(1)假设句子缺少主语,那么考虑填名词、代词、数词或动名词。(2)假设句子缺少谓语,那么考虑填动词。(3)假设句子缺少宾语,那么考虑填名词、代词、数词或动名词。(4)假设句子缺少表语,那么考虑填名词或形容词。(5)假设句子缺少定语,那么考虑填形

9、容词、名词、形容词性物主代词、动词的过去分词或现在分词等。(6)(6)假设句子缺少状语,那么考虑填副词、不定式、动词的过去分词或现在分词等。(7)假设(7)假设句子缺少补语,那么考虑填名词、形容词、副词、动词的过去分词或现在分词等。.假设词性吻合，再结合实际语境和语法规那么来确定所填单词的具体形式,得出最终答案。(1)假设所填词是名词，且空前为a/an/one等表示单数概念的词，那么名词可 能直接填原形;假设空前有many, some, a few等修饰词，那么要考虑填名词的复 数形式;或者根据语境判断此处填该名词的另一种形式(如science-scientist, music-musicia

10、n, artartist, Japan-Japanese, friend-friendship 等)。(2)假设所填词是动词，那么要根据主语的人称、数、具体的时态和语态判断 所填词的正确形式。般现在时的标志词有 always, often, usually, sometimes, every week, once a month等。假设主语为第一人称、第二人称或第三人称复数形式，谓语动 词用原形;假设主语为第三人称单数形式，谓语动词要用单数形式。一般过去时的标志词有:just now, ago, in 1980, yesterday, last night等。一般将来时的标志词有：tomorr

11、ow, in the future, someday, in ten minutes, soon, next week 等。现在进行时的标志词有：now, at present, these days, look, listen 等。现在完成时的标志词有：yet, already, recently, since then, for+段时间， in the past 5 years 等。过去进行时的标志词有：at 8： 00 last night, at that moment, at this time yesterday 等。如果句子主语与谓语动词之间是动宾关系，那么需用被动语态。(3)假

12、设所填词是形容词，那么要判断用原形还是用比拟等级。形容词比拟级 的标志词多为than,还有much, even, a lot等;形容词最高级的标志词有the, in, of, among 等。(4)假设所填词是副词，同样要判断用原形还是用比拟等级。(5)假设所填词是数词，那么要判断用基数词还是序数词。一般(大于1)基 数词后的名词为复数形式，序数词后的名词为单数形式，且序数词前加the。(6)假设所填词是代词，那么需要判断此处是用代词的哪种形式，作主语时用 代词的主格或名词性物主代词;作宾语时用宾格或反身代词;作定语时用形容词 性物主代词。.假设词性不吻合，那么要将其转化为正确的形式。实战演练

13、本文是一篇记叙文，讲述的是一只年幼的鹿和一只年老的鹿在遇到一群狗时 采取不同应对方式的故事。年老的鹿跑掉了，年幼的鹿拒绝逃跑，想用鹿角把 狗甩在一边，但是在和狗搏斗的时候被杀死了。我们可以从这个故事中吸取一 个教训：当我们面临危险的时候，不要像那只愚蠢的年幼的鹿一样。我们该知 道自己的优势和弱点。根据短文内容，用下面所给词语的适当形式填空，使文章通顺完整。(每词 限用一次)he, kill, scare, silly, lie, courage, hear, against, fight ，strongOne sunny afternoon, a young deer and an old d

14、eer were(1) under a tree in the forest. Suddenly, in the distance, they (2) some sounds of dogs, barking. The old deer stood up quickly. He felt nervous and (3) . He said to the young deer, “Be quick! Ifs time to find a place to hide in. The barking dogs are fierce (凶猛的) and they will us.”The young

15、deer laughed and said, “Why should we hide from the dogs? We are bigger and than them. We can toss (扔) aside with our big antlers (角). We should fight with them bravely/5The old deer admired the (6) of the young deer, but he did not believe the young deer. Wed better run away now, ” said the old dee

16、r.The young deer refused to run away. He decided to fight (7) the dogs. As the dogs ran to (8) , he put down his antlers and wanted to toss them aside. But he didnt win the (9) because there were too many dogs. He was killed by the dogs in the end.The young deer lost his life because he didnt know his stre