高中英语选择性必修三 Unit 3 Environmental protection Period 3 Discovering useful structures课件20202021学年

1、人教版 选择性必修三Period 3 Discovering useful structuresChange the direct speech into the indirect speechUnit 3 Environmental Protection 单元语法自我探究观察以下例句，总结直接引语变为间接引语的规则。Direct Speech indirect Speech The expert said, From the position of its dead body，the bear appeared to have starved and died.”The expert sai

2、d that from the position of its dead body, the bear appeared to have starved and died.The reporter asked, Will polar bears die out because of climate change?The reporter asked whether polar bears would die out because of climate change.The reporter asked, How can we save polar bears from extinction?

3、The reporter asked how we could save polar bears from extinction.“Lets work together to stop climate change,” the expert said.The expert advised us to work together to stop climate change.直接引语和间接引语1. 基本概念（1）直接引语：直接引述别人的话，把它放在引号内，叫直接引语。（2）间接引语：用自己的话转述别人的话，叫间接引语。【点拨】直接引语变为间接引语时，从句中的人称、时态、指示代词、时间状语和地点状

4、语等一般均要作相应的变化。语法研析2. 人称的变化直接引语变为间接引语时，人称的变化遵循以下原则。（1）一随主：直接引语中出现的第一人称代词要按照引述动词的主语的人称变化。She said，“I wont be frustrated.” She said that she wouldnt be frustrated. 她说她不会沮丧的。（2）二随宾：直接引语中出现的第二人称代词要按照引述动词的宾语的人称变化，若引述动词后没有宾语，也可用第一人称。I told Mary，“We will protect you from infection.” I told Mary we would prot

5、ect her from infection. 我告诉玛丽我们会保护她不受感染。（3）第三人称不更新：直接引语出现的第三人称代词一般不需要变化。She said to me，“They want to decrease the amount of fat they eat.” She told me that they wanted to decrease the amount of fat they ate. 她告诉我，他们想减少脂肪的摄入量。语法研析句型转换（1）“I will come and see you again this evening， Tom，”she said. She

6、told Tom that would go and see again that evening. （2）He said to me，“You are wrong.” He told me that was wrong. （3）“Are you a soldier?” he asked. He asked if/whether was a soldier. sheIhimI句型转换（4）He asked，“Where are you going to get off， John?” He asked John where was going to get off. （5）“I will co

7、me here again today，”she said. She said that would go there again that day. （6）He said，“I am living with my cousin.” He said that was living with cousin. heshehehis3. 时态的变化直接引语变为间接引语时，如果主句是过去的某种时态，则间接引语的时态应相应向前推一个时态，如下所示： 一般现在时 一般过去时现在进行时 过去进行时现在完成时 过去完成时一般过去时 过去完成时过去完成时 过去完成时（不变） 过去进行时 过去进行时（不变） 一般

8、将来时 过去将来时语法研析【点拨】（1）如果直接引语中有明确的表示过去时间的状语，变为间接引语时，时态不变。My mother said to me，“The museum was completely transformed in 2017.” My mother told me that the museum was completely transformed in 2017. 我母亲告诉我，图书馆在2017 年被彻底改造了。（2）如果直接引语表述的是客观真理，变为间接引语时，时态不变。The geography teacher said to us，“The earth travels

9、 around the sun.” The geography teacher told us that the earth travels around the sun. 地理老师对我们说：“地球围绕太阳转。” 语法研析句型转换（1）The teacher said，“You are doing OK.” The teacher said that doing OK. （2）He said，“I have written a novel.” He said that a novel. （3）He said，“She will come here to have a long holiday.

10、” He said that go there to have a long holiday.（4）The teacher said，“Where there is a will，there is a way.” The teacher said that where there a will，there a way. （5）Jane said，“Mary，where were you going when I met you on the bus?” Jane asked Mary where when she met her on the bus. we werehe had writte

11、nshe wouldis is she was going 4. 指示代词、时间状语、地点状语和动词的变化（1）指示代词this that these those He said to me，“This is the School Computer Centre.” He told me that was the School Computer Centre. （2）时间状语now then today that day this morning/week that morning/week yesterday the day before yesterday morning the morn

12、ing before next week the next week/the following weeklast week the week before two days ago two days before tomorrow the next day/the following day the day before yesterday two days before the day after tomorrow in two days time （3）地点状语here there （4）动词come go bring take 语法研析句型转换（1）“I will come and h

13、elp you tomorrow，John，” she said. She told John that she would and help her . （2）“Ill come and see you again this evening， Tim，”he said. He told Tim that he would go and see him again . （3）Mr Harry asked，“John，have you passed the exam yesterday?” Mr Harry asked John whether he had passed the exam .

14、（4）The old man said，“I like to talk with these young men.” The old man said that he liked to talk with young men. （5）She said to me，“I lived here five years ago.” She told me she had lived five years . the next daythat eveningthe day before thosetherego before5 .句型的变化（1）直接引语是陈述句，间接引语用连接词 that 引导，tha

15、t 可省略。His mother said to me，“Mr Harry in charge of the work. ” His mother told me that Mr Harry was in charge of the work. 他的母亲告诉我，亨利先生负责这项工作。（2）直接引语是一般疑问句，间接引语用 whether/if 引导，疑问语序变为陈述语序，谓语动词 say（said）改为 ask（asked）。Mr Tonny said to me，“Are your injuries severe?” Mr Tonny asked me if/whether my injur

16、ies were severe.托尼先生问我伤势是否严重。语法研析（3）直接引语是特殊疑问句，间接引语用原来的疑问词引导，疑问语序变为陈述语序。Mary asked me，“When did the British prince become infected with the disease?” Mary asked me when the British prince became infected with the disease. 玛丽问我这位英国王子是什么时候染上这种病的。（4）直接引语是祈使句，间接引语变为 ask/tell/order sb.（not） to do sth. 句式

17、。He said，“Dont subscribe to her view.” He told me not to subscribe to her view. 他告诉我不要同意她的观点。【注意】祈使句中的 please 在间接引语中必须省略。“Please pass me the pump，”he said to her. He asked her to pass him the pump. 他请她把水泵递给他。语法研析句型转换（1）He said，“Ive left my book in your room.” He told me he his book in my room. （2）She said，“Do you like watching the advertisements on TV?” She asked me I watching the advertisements on TV. （3）“Where did you find the ads for jobs abroad?” Bill asked. Bill asked the ads for jobs abroad. that had leftwh