bft考试分类模拟题4

1、ReadingSeasick? Try Controlling Your BreathingIf you get seasick easily, you may prepare for boat rides with pres sure-point bracelets, ginger, or a prescription skin patch, 1 The technique presumably works because it helps control gravity sensors in the abdomen-a lesser-known input to our fine-tune

2、d balance system.The inner ears sense motions of the head； the eyes see where the head is ； and tiny sensory organs in muscles and tendons sense where the rest of the body is. More recently, researchers have realized that sensors in many other parts of the body also play a role: in the abdomen, the

3、lower organs, and even blood vessels But if one or two dont match up, the brain gets confused and we become nauseated Scientists knew the most sickening motions closely match the rate of natural breathing ； they also knew that people naturally tend to breathe in time with a motion.4Researchers from

4、Imperial College London enlisted 26 volunteers to sit in a tilting, rocking flight simulator and coordinate their breathing in various ways with the motion. 5 The natural tendency was for volunteers to inhale on every backward tilt, in rhythm with the rocking*6 They felt even betterif they breathed

5、slightly faster or slower than the cyclic heaving of the chair； using that technique, the time until onset of nausea was 50% longer than during normal breathing.7 Abdominal sensors are known to send motion signals to the brain more slowly than those in the inner ear because theyi re farther away fro

6、m the brain and because abdominal organs have more mass, which means they resist movement a tiny bit longer. 8 But if the diaphragm opposes gravity-induced stomach motions with controlled breaths there is less sensory conflict and less nausea 11 This technique is very good for mild everyday challeng

7、es, H says medical research scientist Michael Gresty, a member of the study team 11 it1 s completely safe, and itis not a drug*HA But if the subjects exhaled on every backward tilt, they didn11 get sick as quicklyB As long as all of these sensors send matching signals to the brain, we feel orientedC

8、 Now there 1 s one more remedy： timing your breathing to counteract the nauseating motionD So why do these tactics work?EThebrain is traditionally thoughttosense body position in three waysFThetime lag between the two typesofsensors creates a mismatch that buildsup in the brain and makes us graduall

9、y sicker, the researchers sayGThetests lasted up to 30 minutes,oruntil subjects felt moderately sickHButno one had ever tested whetherbreathing out of time with a motion couldprevent nauseaFive Painful Facts You Need to Know0 First of all, let1 s set the record straight ： Pain is normal About 75 mil

10、lion US residents endure chronic or recurrent pain So what is pain and why do so many suffer so long? Pain is felt when electrical signals are sent from nerve endings to your brain, which in turn can release painkillers called endorphins and generate reactions that range from instant and physical to

11、 long-term and emotional Beyond that, scientific understanding gets painfully fuzzy Here 1s what1s known:I When you1 re in pain, you know it But if scientists could fully grasp how pain works and why, they might be able to help you more* The American Academy of Pain Medicine defines pain as Han unpl

12、easant sensation and emotional response to that sensation H Some pain is the result of an obvious injury Other times, it is caused by damaged nerves that are not so easy to pinpoint 11 Pain is complex and defies our ability to establish a clear definition, n says Kathryn Weiner, director of the Amer

13、ican Academy of Pain ManagementnPain is far more than neural transmission and sensory transduction. Pain is a complex mixture of emotions, culture, experience, spirit and sensation. H2. If you have chronic pain, you know how demoralizing and debilitating it can be, physically and mentally. It can pr

14、event you from doing things and make you irritable for reasons nobody else understands But thati s only half the story People with chronic backaches have brains as much as 11 percent smaller than those of non-sufferers, scientists reported in 2004 They don * t know why It is possible it1 s just the

15、stress of having to live with the condition,H said study leader A Vania Apkarian of Northwestern University The neurons become overactive or tired of the activity-n3 It may not eliminate the phrase Not tonight, honey 11 but a 2006 studyfound that migraine sufferers had levels of sexual desire 20 per

16、cent higher than those suffering from tension headaches The finding suggests sexual desire and migraines might be influenced by the same brain chemical, and getting a b etter handle on the link could lead to bet ter treatments, at least for the pain portion of the equation Any man who has watched a

17、woman having a baby without using drugs would swear that women can tolerate anything But the truth is, it hurts more than you can imagine Women have more nerve receptors than men As an example, women have 34 nerve fibers per square centimeter of facial skin, while men average just 17 And in a 2005 s

18、tudy, women were found to report more pain throughout their lifetimes and, compared to men, they feel pain in more areas of their body and for longer durations Animal research could offer clues to eventually relieve human suffering Take the naked mole rat, a hairless and nearly blind subterranean cr

19、eature A study this year found it feels neither the pain of acid nor the sting of chili peppers If researchers can figure out why, they might be on the road to new sorts of painkilling therapies for humans In 2006, scientists found a pathway for the transmission of chronic pain in rats that they hop

20、e will translate into better understanding of human chronic pain Lobsters feel no pain, even when boiled, scientists said in a 2005 report that is just one more salvo in a long-running debate，A Women feel more painB Chronic pain is commonC Chronic pain shrinks brainsD Migraines and sex go togetherE

21、Pain brings about more stressF Scientists dont understand pain fullyParagraph 19、1112Paragraph 19、11123Paragraph 2Paragraph 3Paragraph 4Paragraph 5chronic painbrain chemicalnerve receptorsa clear definitiondamaged nervesF painkilling therapiesG. an emotional response14 As scientists don11 know much

22、about pain, it1 s hard to provide of it15 Some pain is the result of 16 People suffer both physically and emotionally if they have 17 It is found that men have fewer than women.18八 Study on animals may finally discover some new for human beings Facts about AgingThe overall difference in life expecta

23、ncy at birth in the United States is about 7 years (i e. 72 for men vs. 79 for women) ； and at every age women, on average, can expect to live longer than men， Interestingly, older women are more likely to suffer from debilitating illnesses than men. However, this difference seems to reflect the fac

24、t that women typically have less wealth and education than men - two factors that are associated with shorter life expectancies for both sexes. When the effects of poverty and education are removed in the relevant statistical analyses, these sex differences in rates of disability disappear*The elder

25、ly generally show very high interest in associating with friends and close family members. What they show less interest in than younger adults is the expansion of their social networks to make new friends.About one-third of problem drinkers develop their alcohol abuse problem late in life, and this

26、problem of alcoholism among the aged is indeed more acute for women than men. Overuse of drugs may result from the tendency of some doctors to automatically prescribe drugs rather than search for underlying physical or psychological causes of symptoms, especially when the patients are elderly women*

27、 It may also reflect the fact that women are more likely to be facing the loneliness and stress associated with the loss of a spouse than men, and are generally more likely to seek help from a doctor.Alzheimers disease, the much-dreaded form of dementia associated with prof ound memory loss and othe

28、r increasingly devastating symptoms, is a condition that strikes a significant number of elderly people * Nevertheless, most elderly - people will never suffer such memory loss* In fact, contemporary estimates suggest that moderate to severe memory loss is found in only 4 to 6 percent of adults over

29、 age 65 . The most important point to be aware of is that while memory (especially short term memory) does deteriorate somewhat as we get older, profound memory loss is not a Hnaturaln consequence of the aging process . It is a product of disease. Evidence of profound memory loss should prompt a vis

30、it to a physician who specializes in such problems.after age 80 the ratio of widows to widowers in the U.S. is about 5 to 1. This statistic reflects the fact that women have a longer life expectancy than men, and the fact that women typically marry men older than themselves. Differences in wealth ma

31、y also make it easier for marriage-minded widowers to find mates than widows, since elderly women are more likely to be living in poverty than elderly men.The stereotype of depressed lonely old people is a pervasive one, but it is not supported by the facts. While social isolation is a problem for m

32、any older people, it is also a problem for many young people as well. Surveys consistently show that, in the absence of serious illness, older people generally report higher levels of happiness or life satisfaction than young people * One reason for this is that as people age they seem to devote inc

33、reasing attention to the task of managing their affective states and avoiding sadness or anxiety.Although there is considerable variability in the degree of loss, sensory decline is fairly inevitable. These losses, it should be noted, have important implications for environmental design in the care

34、of the elderly. For example, greater use of acoustical tile to absorb background noise, use of non-slippery floor surfaces to provide additional traction, and use of non-glare surfaces and clearly marked boundaries can all increase comfort and safety.19 What are the two factors that contribute to lo

35、nger life expectancies for people?Poverty and poorer health*Poverty and less education.Better health and more wealth.More wealth and better education*20 Which of the following statements is true of elderly people?They are interested in joining close family members.They are enthusiastic for making ne

36、w friends.Many of them suffer from serious illnesses*Many of them live in poverty.21 Many elderly women face the problem of overusing drugs becausethey believe that drugs can cure their diseases.some doctors tend to let them take more drugs.doctors cannot find the real causes of their diseases.takin

37、g drugs is a way for them to be away from loneliness.22 N According to Para. 4, it is true thatprofound memory becomes worse as people get older.Alzheimer1s disease is associated with short term memory loss.most elderly people over the age of 65 suffer from severe memory loss.D a person should go to

38、 the doctor when showing symptoms of profound memory loss 23 It is easier for elderly widowers than widows to find mates because the w、idowersA.BCA.BCgenerally have more wealth. usually feel more lonely.D24、Compared with young people, older people are more likely toA. fall illB， feel depressed,25C ，

39、 experiencesatisfaction，D. isolate themselves from society,The author 1stone about aging is、A. humorous，B， objective，C， doubtful，D， negative，RecyclingPaperThe process of recycling paper can help to reduce deforestation and energyconsumption on a significant scale. There are many different reasons wh

40、y we should recycle paper products, and some of these are below.26 in the paragraphsas population levels grow,reduce energy consumptionEnergy consumption will always be on the 27 so any manufacturing processes which help社o and 28as population levels grow,reduce energy consumptionare The Energy Infor

41、mation Administration(EIA. claim that there can beas 29 as a 40% energy saving when recycling paper over producing paper 30 3t0h e direct raw material Although recycling paper has many 31 z it also has its drawbacks One of these drawbacks is that we cannot recycle the 32 paper product for eternity,

42、as the fib ers contained within the paper degrade over time,33 their strengthand lengthsOn 34 # an individual paper fiber can only be recycled a 35 of six times . Althoughhis is a significant draw back, the six time recycling process will help to 36 a great deal of energy when you consider 37 much p

43、aper is to be recycledt.here f paper fibers can be recycled up to 6 times, and we recycled products, this could help to 38 the intensity of deforestation products up to a factor ofal6，paperWith pape-production said to 3 9 around 4 0% of harvested wood, s&id Ptaper0 around 90% wood, you can see how recycling paper is an process for the 41 of our forests and paperToday, the use of recycled paper products is on the increase, as moreimapnodrtmaonrte people begin to recycle