骨髓细胞学检查英文第一部分

1、骨髓细胞学检查英文课件第一部分第1页，共53页，2022年，5月20日，16点9分，星期四. The generation, development and normal morphology characteristics of blood cell第2页，共53页，2022年，5月20日，16点9分，星期四1. Generation of blood cellsAll blood cells come from common hemopoietic stem cell(HBSC).HBSC has two characteristics:1)the high capability of s

2、elf-renewal to keep the constancy of the quantity of the stem cell pools;2)the capability of multi-differentiation. HBSC can differentiate into progenitor cells of every series.第3页，共53页，2022年，5月20日，16点9分，星期四Stem cellErythropoietin(EPO)Red progenitor cellGranulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating fact

3、or(GM-CSF)Granulocyte-macrophage progenitor cellGiant nuclear progenitor cellMeg-CSF and thrombopoietin(TPO)第4页，共53页，2022年，5月20日，16点9分，星期四Mononuclear cellsMove into various tissuesHistiocytes, or phagocytesT lymphoid progenitor cellsB lymphoid progenitor cells B-lymphocytesImmune cellsMitogen and an

4、tigenT-lymphocytesLymphatic stem cellsPlasma cells第5页，共53页，2022年，5月20日，16点9分，星期四2. General principles of morphological evolution during the development of blood cells第6页，共53页，2022年，5月20日，16点9分，星期四With the development and maturity of blood cells:(1)Cell volume: from big to small(2)Cytoplasm: 1)volume

5、 increased2)Color turns from deep blue to light blue, even carmoisine3)Granules in cytoplasm: no granulesazurophil granulesspecific granules(neutral, acidophilic and basophilic strippling)第7页，共53页，2022年，5月20日，16点9分，星期四(3)nucleus: 1)Size: from big to smallFrom regular to irregular, even with sublobes

6、2)Chromatin: from fine to rough, tight and dense, color changes from light to deep3)Nucleole: clearblurreddisappeared4)Nuclear membrane: unclearclear第8页，共53页，2022年，5月20日，16点9分，星期四(4)ratio of cell nucleus and cell-substanceFrom big to small, i.e. from big nucleus with little cytoplasm to small nucleu

7、s with abundant cytoplasm(except megakaryocyte)第9页，共53页，2022年，5月20日，16点9分，星期四第10页，共53页，2022年，5月20日，16点9分，星期四Evolution of blood cells, 1000 x第11页，共53页，2022年，5月20日，16点9分，星期四Normal morphologic characteristics of blood cell1. Erythrocyte series第12页，共53页，2022年，5月20日，16点9分，星期四shapeDiameterNucleusNucleus d

8、iameter/cell diameterChromatinNucleoleCytoplasmGranulesNormoblastRound or elliptical15-22mround4/5Fine sand-like of fine grain-like1-5, lasureous, with unclear limitLittle, opacitas, deep blueNoBasophilic erythroblastRound or elliptical11-20mroundOver 2/3Small condensatenoMore, opacitas and deep blu

9、eNoPolychomatic normoblastRound or elliptical8-18mround1/2Bolus or rope-like, ranking like wheels, with clear olistherozonenoMore, shows polychromaticity in different degree with inhomogeneous colorOrtho-chromatic normoblastRound7-12mroundBelow 1/2noMuch, steady salmon pink or extremely light gray p

10、urpleReticulocyteround8-9mnonoContains residual rRNA that can be stained granulated blueerythrocyteBiconcave disc7.2mnonoPink, weakly stained in the center第13页，共53页，2022年，5月20日，16点9分，星期四(1)normoblastSometimes on the edge of cell there are hemisphere or tumor-like ecphymas.Sometimes there is olisther

11、ozone surrounding the nucleus with light color.第14页，共53页，2022年，5月20日，16点9分，星期四(2)basophilic erythroblastThere are still tumor-like ecphymas and olistherozone surrounding the nucleus.第15页，共53页，2022年，5月20日，16点9分，星期四(3) Polychomatic normoblast第16页，共53页，2022年，5月20日，16点9分，星期四(4) Ortho-chromatic normoblas

12、t第17页，共53页，2022年，5月20日，16点9分，星期四(5) ReticulocyteThe reticulocyte is an incompletely mature red blood cell after the orthochromatic normoblast loses its nucleus. 第18页，共53页，2022年，5月20日，16点9分，星期四(6) erythrocyte第19页，共53页，2022年，5月20日，16点9分，星期四2. Granulocyte series(1)myeloblastShape: round or ellipticalDi

13、ameter: 11-18mnucleus constitutes over 2/3 of cell volumeNucleus shape: round or ellipticalChromatin: fine-sand-like, light prunosus, smooth like gossamerNucleole: 2-5, clear, light blue or colorlessCytoplasm: little, clear sky blue around the nucleusGranules: no or a few第20页，共53页，2022年，5月20日，16点9分，

14、星期四(2)promyelocyteShape: round or ellipticalDiameter: 12-22mNucleus: big, round or ovalChromatin: thick granular or net-like, distributing unevenlyNucleole: clear or disappearedCytoplasm: comparatively much, light blue or blueSometimes there is olistherozone near the nucleusGranules: non-specific az

15、urophilic granules, distributed unevenly, with different size, shape and quantity第21页，共53页，2022年，5月20日，16点9分，星期四Comparison of 3 kinds of myelocyteShapeDiameter/mChromatinNucleoleCytoplasmgranulesNeutrophilic myelocyteround10-18Net-like or tablet-likeNoAbundant, salmon pinkSteady, tiny and light purp

16、le specific neutral granulesEosinophilic myelocyte15-20Net-like or tablet-likeNoFull of thick, steady, ranking tightly and refractive orange acid specific granulesBasophilic myelocyte10-15vagueA few thick, purple black and scattered specific basophilic granules with different sizes第22页，共53页，2022年，5月

17、20日，16点9分，星期四Neutrophilic myelocyteThe nucleus constitutes 1/2-2/3 of the cell volume第23页，共53页，2022年，5月20日，16点9分，星期四Eosinophilic myelocyte第24页，共53页，2022年，5月20日，16点9分，星期四Because of the basophilic granules in the cytoplasm, the nucleus is unclear and the structure of the chromatin is vague.Basophilic

18、myelocyte第25页，共53页，2022年，5月20日，16点9分，星期四(4)metamyelocyteShape: round or ellipticalDiameter: 10-16mNucleus: kidney-likeChromatin: rough and chunk-like, arranged denselyCytoplasm: abundant, salmon pink, with different specific granules(neutral, acidophilic, basophilic)第26页，共53页，2022年，5月20日，16点9分，星期四Ne

19、utral metamyelocyteAcidophilic metamyelocyteBasophilic metamyelocyte第27页，共53页，2022年，5月20日，16点9分，星期四(5)stab granulocyteShape: roundDiameter: 10-15mNucleus: long and narrow, girdle-shaped, both ends are blunt and roundChromatin: rough and chunk-likeCytoplasm: specific granules(neutral, acidophilic, ba

20、sophilic)第28页，共53页，2022年，5月20日，16点9分，星期四Neutral stab cellAcidophilic stab cellBasophilic stab cell第29页，共53页，2022年，5月20日，16点9分，星期四Three types of segmented granulocyteShapeDiameter/mNucleusChromatinCytoplasmGranulesNeutrophilic segmented granulocyteRound10-152-5 sublobes, most has 3 sublobesDense or t

21、ablet-like, mulberryCopious, salmon pinkTiny mauve neutral granulesEosinophilic segmented granulocyte11-162 sublobes, almost symmetricallyDense, thick, reddish yellow acid granules of the same sizeBasophilic segmented granulocyte10-12Heaped-up, vagueUnclearScattered purple basophilic granules of dif

22、ferent sizes第30页，共53页，2022年，5月20日，16点9分，星期四There are filaments linking the sublobes, or the sublobes are separated from each other completely.Neutrophilic segmented granulocyteEosinophilic segmented granulocyteBasophilic segmented granulocyte第31页，共53页，2022年，5月20日，16点9分，星期四3. Lymphocyte series(1)lymp

23、hoblastShape: round or ellipticalDiameter: 10-18mnucleus: big; round or ovalChromatin: exquisite, granularNucleolus: 1-2, small and clear, light blue or colorlessCytoplasm: clear sky blueGranules: no第32页，共53页，2022年，5月20日，16点9分，星期四lymphoblastThere is concentration of chromatin around the inner membra

24、ne of nucleus and around the nucleoli, which makes the nuclear membrane thick and clear.第33页，共53页，2022年，5月20日，16点9分，星期四(2)prolymphocyteShape: round or ovalDiameter: 10-16mNucleus: round or elliptical, sometimes with light incisionChromatin: comparatively exquisite and roughNucleole: vague or disappe

25、aredCytoplasm: little, light blueGranules: without or just with a few big and rare azurophil granules第34页，共53页，2022年，5月20日，16点9分，星期四(3) lymphocyteLarge lymphocyteSmall lymphocyteShapeRoundRound or ellipticalDiameter/m13-186-10NucleusRound or ellipticalRound or elliptical, or with incisionChromatinDe

26、nse and chunk-like, homogeneous, deep color like mulberryRough and dense, bulk-like, mulberryCytoplasmMuch, clear sky blueJust a rim with light blue, on one side of the nucleus, sometimes its like a naked nucleus without cytoplasmGranulesSometimes with a few big and rare azurophil granulesno第35页，共53

27、页，2022年，5月20日，16点9分，星期四lymphocyte第36页，共53页，2022年，5月20日，16点9分，星期四PlasmablastproplasmacytePlasmacyteShapeRound or ovalAlmost ellipticalRound or ellipticalDiameter/m15-2012-168-20NucleusRound, constitute over 2/3 of the cell volumeRound, constitute 1/2 of the cell volumeRoundChromatinCoarse, granular,

28、net-like, purpleDense, mulberry, organized as wheelsTablet, deep colored, disposed as wheelsNucleole2-5Virtually absentCytoplasmMuch, opaque, gray-blue, sometimes round olistherozone on one side of the nucleusCopious, opaque, gray-blue, olistherozone close to the nucleusAbundant, deep blue or amethy

29、st, olistherozone on one side of the nucleusGranulesnoVacuolus or a few azurophil granulesVacuolus, sometimes a few azurophil granules4. Plasmacyte series第37页，共53页，2022年，5月20日，16点9分，星期四plasmablastproplasmacyteplasmacyte第38页，共53页，2022年，5月20日，16点9分，星期四5. Monocyte series第39页，共53页，2022年，5月20日，16点9分，星期四M

30、onoblastPromonocyteMonocytePhagocyteShapeRound or ellipticalRound or irregularRound or irregularRound, elliptical or irregularDiameter/m15-2515-2512-2015-50, even 80NucleusComparatively big, round or ellipticalRound or irregular, sometimes with depression, incision, twist or crimpIrregular, like kid

31、ney, horseshoe, pen carriage-like, “S”-like and so on, with clear twist and crimpRound, elliptical, kidney-like or irregularChromatinThin and puff, net-like, light prunosusThicker, puff, net-like, light purplepuff and exquisite, light purple, silk screen-likeComparatively thick and deep color, or pu

32、ff and light colored, net-likeNucleole1-3, big and clearVague or disappearedWith or withoutCytoplasmPlentiful, light grey-blue, translucent like frosted glassMuch, grey-bluePlentiful, light grey-blue or pale pinkPlentiful, unclearing gray-blue or blueGranulesnoTiny, well-distributed, light purple az

33、urophil granulesTiny, well-distributed, dust-like, light purple granulesA few azurophil granules or none, sometimes with vacuoles第40页，共53页，2022年，5月20日，16点9分，星期四monoblastThe edge of the cytoplasm is irregular, sometimes with ecphyma like podocytes.phagocyteMonocyte exit through the vessel wall and en

34、ter the tissue, then turn into phagocytes(also known as histiocyte or macrophage).monocytepromonocyteSometimes there is ecphyma on the edge of the cytoplasm.第41页，共53页，2022年，5月20日，16点9分，星期四6. megakaryocyte system第42页，共53页，2022年，5月20日，16点9分，星期四MegakaryoblastPromegakaryocyteGranular megakaryocyteShapeR

35、ound or ellipticalRound or irregularIrregularDiameter/m15-3030-5050-70, even 100NucleusBig, round or ellipticalDivided into sublobes, irregular and superposedremarkably big, with many sublobes, irregular and stackedChromatinMulberry, coarse grain-like and denseCoarse grain-like or tablet-like and denseRough, arranged tightly as a purple bolusNucleole2-3, light blue, of different sizesVague or disappearedCytoplasmComparatively little, opaque deep blue, with irregular ecphyma on the edgeComparatively much,