(2010-2019)十年高考英语真题分类汇编专题23阅读七选五(解析版)

1、十年高考真题分类汇编（ 2010-2019） 英语专题 23 阅读七选五(2015北京 )This Way to DreamlandDaydreaming means people think about something pleasant, especially when this makes them forget what they should be doing. Daydreamers have a bad reputation for being unawareofwhat shappeningaroundthem.Theycanseemforgetfuland clumsy._

2、71They annoy us because they seem to be ignoring us and missing the important things.But daydreamers are also responsible for some of the greatest ideas and achievements in human history.72Can you imagine what kind of world we would have without such ideas and inventions?So how can you come up with

3、brilliant daydreams and avoid falling over tree roots or otherwise looking like a fool?First, understand that some opportunities(机会) for daydreaming are better than others.Feeling safe and relaxed will help you to slip into daydreams.73_ And if you want toimprove your chances of having a creative id

4、ea while you re daydreamiting, try to do while you are involved in another task preferably something simple, like taking ashower or walking, or even making meaningless drawings.It s also important to know how to avoid daydreams for those times when you really needto concentrate. “ Mindfulness fallin

5、g asleep.74 b”ein, g focused, is a tool that some people use to avoidFinally, you never know what wonderful idea might strike while your mind has moved slowly away.75_Always remember that your best ideas might come when your head is actually in theclouds.Having interesting things to think about also

6、 helps.They stare off into space and wander by themselves.Without wandering minds, we wouldn t have relatively, Cok-iet noor tPeso.stAt one time, daydreaming was thought to be a cause of some mental illnesses.It involves slow, steady breathing for self-control that helps people stay calm and attenti

7、ve.Daydreams are often very simple and direct, quite unlike sleep dreams, which may behard to understand.Therefore, ita goosd idea to keep a notebook or voice recorder nearby when you rein the daydream zone.【解析】试题分析 :文章说明了 “白日做梦 ”现象事实上有很有助于创造性思维的开发。第一段说的是大众印象中的白日做梦有哪些弊端， 选项在文章前后句中起到段内逻辑连接的作用。故选B。本段话

8、峰一转说到了白日做梦其实有着很多的好处。选项前后依然是顺承关系，故选 C。本选项中的 it 指代前句的动名词短语feeling safe and relaxed解, E。题线索明显。故选本段主要讲如何避免不合时宜的白日做梦，且选项中有also 为提示词。故选 A。本选项中有逻辑词 therefore, 可为做题线索之 - - ;前句讲好的想法随时会出现， 所以选带个本子随时记，合情合理。故选G。(2015陕西 )根据短文内容， 从下框的 AF 选项中选出能概括每一段主题的最佳选项， 并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。选项中有一项为多余项。The mistaken beliefThe need for

9、toleranceUnpunctuality at dinnersPunctuality and confidenceSelf-discipline and punctualityAvoid anxiety by being punctualAThere is the belief that, ifyou arrive at an appointment late, you willbe considered important. This is a mistaken view. Being unpunctual, we are not respectful of others ; we ar

10、e interfering ( 扰乱)with another mans time. We must realise that keeping appointments or being punctual is a contract that is silently agreed and we are expected to respect this contract. It is only natural that we lose faith, trust and confidence in a person who is tardy(延迟的 ).ETo be punctual one ha

11、s to have self-discipline( 自律), and the lack of it affects others. A school boy or girl is unpunctual because he or she does not have the necessary human virtue of self-discipline. It is also a mark of disrespect for a system or an institution. Unpunctual people seldom realise that their habit cause

12、 problems to others. A salesman who is not punctual may not make a sale if he arrives late for an appointment.If one is late for a job interview, it is not likely that he will get the job.FBeing punctual, we can avoid anxiety. Imagine the anxiety if you do not want to be considered unpunctual. You w

13、ill be anxious if you set out for a dinner late. The person who sets out late might be careless in driving. He will ignore traffic rules. A traffic jam,flat tyres, etc. can delay him further. Happy and calm is the man who takes all these possibilities into consideration and arrives at the appointmen

14、t either early or on time.CMany of those who attend dinners are notorious (声名狼藉的 )for unpunctuality. They ignore the appointed time and leave their homes only after the fixed time. They are indifferent to the inconvenience caused to others. If the self-centred guest arrives late, the nine others at

15、the table set for ten will have to wait. The host is put in an unpleasant situation and this man seldom thinks of the inconvenience caused to all -the waiters, the management staff, etc. It is necessary for us to think of others and be considerate to them.65BHowever, we cannot always be intolerant (

16、无法容忍的 ) of tardiness, for ordinary living requires some tolerance. There can be a busy executive who fights to keep to his schedule. Such a person may be forgiven if he is late, but not those who are deliberately late to create impression.In modern society, punctuality is a necessary virtue. It is a

17、 recognition of theimportance of other people.【解析】试题分析：文章介绍的是人际交往中守时和自律的重要性，并介绍如何做到守时和自律。考查段落大意：根据这段的句子：There is the belief that, ifyou arrive at an appointment late, you will be considered important. This is a mistaken view.可知这段的大意是：错误的观念，所以选 A.考查段落大意： 根据这段的句子： To be punctual one has to have self-d

18、iscipline自(律), and the lack of it affects others可. 知这段的大意是：自律和守时，所以选E。考查段落大意：根据这段的句子：Being punctual, we can avoid anxiety. Imaginethe anxiety if you do not want to be considered unpunctual可.时造成的焦虑，所以选F。知这段的大意是：避免守考查段落大意：根据这段的句子：Many of those who attend dinners are notorious (声名狼藉的 )for unpunctuality

19、.可知这段的大意是：就餐时不守时，所以选C。考查段落大意：根据这段的句子：However, we cannot always be intolerant 无( 法容忍的) of tardiness, for ordinary living requires some tolerance可.要容忍，所以选 B。知这段的大意是： 需(2015新课标全国 II) 根据短文内容， 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Training for a marathon requires careful preparation and steady, gradual incre

20、ases in the length of the runs.36, buy the best-fitting running shoes you can find. No one can say which brand will work best for you or feel best on your feet, so you have to relyon your experience and on the feel of each pair as you shop. When you have found shoes that seem right, walk in them for

21、 a few days to double-check the fit.37. As always, you should stretch(伸展) at least ten minutes before each run to prevent injuries.During the first week, do not think about distance, but run five minutes longer eachday.38, it is wise to take a day off to rest. But during the next week, set a goal of

22、 at least a mile and a half per run.39. After two weeks, start timing yourself.40. Depending on the kind of race you plan to enter, you can set up a timetable for theremaining weeks before the race.After six daysFor a good marathon runnerBefore you begin your trainingWith each day, increase the dist

23、ance by a half mileIf they still feel good, you can begin running in themTime spent for preparation raises the quality of trainingNow you are ready out a goal of improving distance and time【解析】试题分析：本文是以如何锻炼马拉松为话题，提到从长期的角度说应该做到精心准备，循序渐进。这样才能达到锻炼的目的。C 考查对上下文的理解。上文提到跑马拉松，下文说买一双合脚的鞋子。所以这里应该是 Before you

24、begin your training 训练前的准备工作。故选 C。E 考查对上下文的理解。上文提到：穿着鞋走走路以确保合适，下文提到跑。所以这里应该说 If they still feel good, you can begin running in them 如果穿着的感觉很好，就可以跑了。故选E。A 考查对上下文的理解。上文提到练习的第一周怎么做，下文提到第二周，所以这里应该是 After six days，练习一周后稍做休息，一周是6 天，故选 A。D 考查对上下文的理解。这里在讨论逐渐加长跑步的距离，每天增加一定的距离才合理，故选 D With each day, increase

25、the distance by a half mi。leG 考查对上下文的理解。最后是提速。在规定的距离内如何训练自己跑得快。这样才能参加比赛。故选 G Now you are ready out a goal of improving distance and time。(2015新课标全国 I) 根据短文内容， 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。Building Trust in a Relationship AgainTrust is a learned behavior that we gain from past experiences, 36 .T

26、rust is a risk.But you can t be successful when there s a lack of trust in a relationship that results from an action where the wrongdoer takes no responsibility to fix the mistake.Unfortunately, we ve all been victims of betrayal. Whether we ve been stolen fr lied to , misled, or cheated on, there

27、are different levels of losing trust. Sometimes peoplesimply can t trust anymo3re7,.It s understandable, but if you re willing to build trust in a relationship again, we have some steps you can take to get you there.having confidence in yourself willhelp you make better choices because you can see w

28、hat the best outcome would be for your well-being.If you vebeen betrayed, you are the victimof your circumstance. Butthere s a difference between being a victim and living with a“ victim mentality point in all of our lives, we ll have our trust tested or violated.You didn t lose“ everything”. Once t

29、rust is lost, what is left? Instead of looking at the situation from this hopeless angle, look at everything you still have and be thankfulfor all of the good in your life.40 instead, it ashealthy way to work through the experience to allow room for positive growth and forgiveness.Learn to really tr

30、ust yourself.It is putting confidence in someone.Stop regarding yourself as the victim.Remember that you can expect the best in return.They ve been too badly hurt and they can t bear to let it happen again.This knowledge carries over in their attitude toward their future relationships.Seeing the pos

31、itive side of things doesn t mean you re ignoring what happened.【解析】试题分析：文章主要讲述了人们一旦失去了信任，如何再次建立信任。B 根据前一句 Trust is a learned behavior that we gain from past experience信s 任是我们从以往经历中获得的学习行为。 选项 B 中的 it 代指上文刚出现的 trust。故选 B。E 根据前句 Sometimes people simply can t trust an可ym知or他e.们受到严重的伤害且不能忍受再次发生。可知选E。A

32、根据后句 having confidence in yourself will help you make better choices because you can see what the best outcome would be for your well-being. 可知此段主要讲述要学会信任自己。可知选A。C 根据后句 If you ve been betrayed, you are the victim of yorucrucmi stance可.知此段主要讲述不要认为自己是受害者。故选C。G 根据前一句 Instead of looking at the situation

33、 from this hopeless angle, look at everything you still have and be thankful for all of the good in your life 和后一句 instead, it s a healthy way to work through the experience tloloaw room for positive growth and forgiveness.可知既要看到事情的积极面，也不要忽视所发生的事情。故选G。(2016 全国新课标I) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两

34、项为多余选项。Secret codes (密码 )keep messages private 。Banks, companies, and governmentagencies use secret codes in doing business, especially when information is sent by computer.People have used secret codes for thousands of years. 36 Code breaking never lags(落后 ) far behind code making. The science of c

35、reating and reading coded messages is called cryptography.There are three main types of cryptography. 37 For example, the first letters of“My elephant eats too many eels ”Spell out the hidden message “Meet me. ”38 You might represent each letter with a number, For example, Lets number the letters of

36、 thealphabet, in order, from 1 to 26. If we substitute a number for each letter, the message“Meet me ”would read “13 5 20 13 5.”A code uses symbols to replace words, phrases, or sentences. To read the message of a real code,you must have a code book. 39 For example“bridge “might stand for“meet ”and

37、“out ”might stand for “me.”The message “bridge out ”would actually mean“Meet me. ”40 However, it is also hard to keep a code book secret for long. So codes must be changed frequently.It is very hard to break a code without the code book.In any language, some letters are used more than others.Only pe

38、ople who know the keyword can read the message.As long as there have been codes, people have tried to break them.You can hide a message by having the first letters of each word spell it out. F.With a code book, you might write down words that would stand for other words.G.Another way to hide a messa

39、ge is to use symbols to stand for specific letters of the alphabet.36.D 考查对上下文的理解和判断能力。后句内容可以判断该空应该和密码的破译有关，故判断D 项内容 As long as there have been codes, people have tried to break them. 符合语境逻辑， 可以承接上下文。37.E 考查对上下文的理解和判断能力。后面举的例子是来证明人们设置密码时往往会利用一些单词的第一个字母来作为密码，由此判断E 选项内容符合语境逻辑。40.A 考查对上下文的理解和判断能力。根据空后内

40、容的转折可知尽管利用密码书可以破译密码，但 是 一 本 密 码 书 也 不 会 使 用 很 久 的 时 间 ， 故 判 断A选 项It is very hard to break a code without the code book.符合语境。(2016 全国新课标 II) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。A garden that s just right for youHave you ever visited a garden that seemed just right for you, where the atmosphereof

41、 the garden appeared to total more than the sum( 总和) of its parts?16. But it doesn htappen byaccident. It starts with looking inside yourself and understanding who you are with respect to the natural world and how you approach the gardening process. 17Some people may think that a garden is no more t

42、han plants, flowers, patterns and masses ofcolor. Others are concernedaboutusing gardening methodsthat requireless waterand fewer fertilizers( 肥料 ).18. However, there are a number of other reasons that might explain why you want to garden. One of them comes from our earliest years.Recall(回忆 )your ch

43、ildhood memoriesOur model of what a garden should be often goes back to childhood. Grandma s rose garden aDad s vegetable garden might be good or bad, but that s not wh1a9t-hoswimbepionrgtain .those gardens made us feel. If you d like to build a powerful bond with your garden, start by taking some t

44、ime to recall the gardens of your youth.20then go outside and workout a plan totranslate your childhood memories into your grown-up garden. Have fun.Know why you gardenFind a good place for your own gardenIt s our experience of the garden that mattersIt s delightful to see so many beautiful flowersS

45、till others may simply enjoy being outdoors and close to plantsYou can produce that kind of magical quality in your own garden, tooFor each of those gardens, writer down the strongest memory you have【解析】试题分析:本文属于说明文，美丽的花园能给我们带来美好的视觉享受，文章中给出了两个自己建设花园的的具体建议。16F 根据前两句提出 :你是否参观过那些让你感觉非常好的花园?你也可以自己搞一一个属于

46、你自己的花园。故 F 项“你也可以把你自己的花园搞得那么美好”符合上下文串联。17.A 根据本段前两句 “Some people may think that a garden is no more than plants, flowers, paterns and massesof color. Others are concerned about using gardening methods that require less waterand fewer frtilizers( 肥料 )”可知不同人对花园有不同的看法，再倒数第二句 “然而 ,有很多能够解释你为什么想做园艺的原因”可知我

47、们首先要搞清楚为什么要做园艺。故A 项正确。18E 本段前两句提出有些人认为花园只是一些花花草草，有些人关心少用水少用废料。本句仍然在说明人们对园艺的不同看法。故E 项“还有其他人只是喜欢在户外接触植物”与上下文-致，也是人们对于园艺的观点。19.C 根据前句“ _那些都不重要”可知划线句强调的是在园艺中对我们来说真正重要的是什么。故 C 项“重要的是我们搞园艺的经历”符合上下文串联。20.G 本部分介绍如果我们自己建一个花园，要回忆一下年轻的时候所看到的那些花园，并把这些花园的优点写下来，然后制定计划并把自己的计划变成美丽的花园。故G 项与上下文一致。(2016 全国新课标 III) 根据短

48、文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Everyone knows that fish is good for health.16But it seems that many people don t cook fish at home. Americans eat only about fifteen pounds of fish per person per year, but we eat twice as muchfish in restaurants as at home. Buying, storing, and cooking fish is

49、n17This text ist adbifofiucut lt.how to buy and cook fish in an easy way.18Fresh fish should smell sweet: you should feel that you re standing at the oceanfishy or strong smell means the fish isn19 Wt fhrenhy. ou have bought a fish and arrive home,you d better store the fish in the refrigerator if y

50、ou don t cook it immediately, but fresh fish shoulstored in your fri dge for only a day or two. Frozen fish isn t as tasty as the fresh one.There are many common methods used to cook fish.20First, lean it and season it with your choice of spices( 调料 ).Put the whole fish on a plate and steam it in a

51、steam pot for 8 to 10 minutes if it weighs about one pound. (A larger one will take moretime.) Then, itready sto serve.Do not buy it.The easiest is to steam it.This is how you can do it.It just requires a little knowledge.The fish will go bad within hours.When buying fish, you should first smell it.

52、The fats in fish are thought to help prevent heart disease.【解析】试题分析 :文章主要介绍了一些买鱼和烧鱼的常识。带有强烈气味的鱼不新鲜，最 简单的方法是蒸鱼。 16.G 考查上下文串联。第 - -句Everyone knows that fish is good for health. 是总写， But 表示转折，说明 but 前面一句是对第一句的解释，G 项“鱼中的脂肪有助于预防心脏病”符合语境，故选G。17.D 考查上下文串联。题目前一句“Buying, storing, and cooking fish isut dffcul

53、t可知，购买， 存放和烧鱼并非难事 ，再根据后面一句可知，文章主要介绍了买鱼和烧鱼的简单知识，D 项“这仅仅需要 -一点知识”符合语境，此题容易与C 项混淆， C 项后面应该直接跟烧鱼的方法，即C 项与后 -句重复，故选D。18.F 考查上下文串联。根据Fresh fish sbould smell sweet 可知，本段讲的是买鱼的时候要闻一-下鱼的气味，故选F。19.A 考查上下文串联。根据前- -句“ Any fisbty or strong smell means the fish ism t fesb.可知 ,带有强烈的味道的鱼都不是新鲜的，不应该买这样的鱼，A 项与后句联系紧密，故

54、选Ao考查上下文串联。根据“Put the whole fish on a plate and steam it in a steam potr可知， 本段绍的是蒸鱼的方法，故选B.(2016 浙江 ) 下面文章中有 5 处（第 61-65 题）需要添加小标题。请从以下选项（ABCDE和 F） 中选出符合各段意思的小题，并在答题纸上将相应选项的标号涂黑。选项中有一项是多余选项。Get involved in student activitiesYour voice is actually super importantThere is a significant increase of opp

55、ortunitiesStay in active communication with your friendsGet smart about the people who you spend your time withYour major does not matter as much in your first of college Five Things Nobody Told Me about CollegeAs I type this , I am in my university dorm room. A year ago, when I was awaiting to hear

56、 the results of my college applications, I often went to websites for some type ofinsider look on whatcollege would belike. However, there s only so much that prep books, websites, and older friends can teach. Here are the top 5things nobodytold me about college:61Nobody entering a university knows

57、exactly what they want to study. If they tell you otherwise, they rleyingandwillprobablychange whattheywanttopursewithinthefirstquarterof attendance .During my first quarterat University of California, Riverside (UCR),Ithoughtthat Iwanted to study Political Science with its focus on InternationalAff

58、airs, so that s what I applied for.However, once I worked with statewideand local government,I realized that a betterfit for me would be Public Policy, and now I am in the process of changing my area.62In college, there are so many good chances for you to meet your expectations. However, there is a

59、very important difference between wanting to do something and applying for something.In order for you to take advantageof the conferences, research, internships ,and fellowships thatyour university offers, apply! Step into your academic advisor s office, introduce yourself, and begimaking the valuab

60、le connections that are necessary to help during the rest of your college career. Great things happen when you step out of your comfort zone, and you would be surprised on how many chances exist if you just ask.63College is whereyoumeetyourbirdesmaids,neighbors,andpotentialbosses. The relationships