大学英语专业八级美国文学课件

1、TimelineBefore the Revolution of Independence (1775-1783）Around the Revolution of IndependenceAmerican Romanticism （18世纪末期19世纪中后期）American Realism (19c中期20世纪初)American Modernism （20世纪初）Note: 为了八级复习的方便，本材料中文学史知识做了简化，深入研究者宜察之。Before Revolution of Independence 独立战争之前I. Native American LiteratureTraditi

2、onal literature: oral, songs, folktales, sacred stories etc. Transitional Literature: Indian oral narratives and memoirs of white dominance; Modern Literature: native Americans, English Before Revolution of Independence 独立战争之前2. Literature of Colonial Settlement 1607-1776“The first American literatu

3、re was neither American nor literature. It was not American because it was the work mainly of immigrants from England. It was not literature as we know itin the form of poetry, essay or fictionbut rather an interesting mixture of travel accounts and religious writings”Before Revolution of Independen

4、ce 独立战争之前2. Literature of Colonial Settlement 1607-1776American Puritanism: predestination, original sin, total depravityHard work, thrift, sobriety, John Smith : A True Relation of Virginia 1608Around Revolution of Independence 独立战争Social, political rather than religiousFreedom, politics, equality,

5、 etc. Around Revolution of Independence 独立战争Benjamin Franklin 1709-1790 富兰克林Poor Richards Almanac 穷理查年鉴1732-58 （proverbs, thrift, industry, how to make wealth）Early to bed, and early to rise, makes a man healthy, wealthy and wise. A penny saved is a penny earned. All things are easy to Industry. All

6、 things are difficult to Sloth.The Autobiography 自传 （American enlightenment）Around Revolution of Independence 独立战争Thomas Paine 1737-1809 潘恩Common Sense 常识（political pamphlet)American Crisis 美国危机Rights of ManThe Age of ReasonAround Revolution of Independence 独立战争 练习2. Which of the following is not wr

7、itten by Philip Freneau _. A. The British Prison ShipB. The Flood of Years C. The Wild Honey Suckle D. The Indian Burying GroundAround Revolution of Independence 独立战争 练习3. Thomas Jeffersons attitude, that is, a firm belief in progress and the pursuit of happiness, is typical of the period we now cal

8、l _. A. The Age of EvolutionB. The Age of ReasonC. The Age of RomanticismD. The Age of RegionalismAmerican Romanticism 浪漫时期18世纪末开始1820s成熟1830-50 高峰和本土特色Also called “American Renaissance” Rebellion against rationalismIndividualism, intuitions, feelings, the past, the remote, the mysterious, the wildA

9、merican Romanticism 浪漫时期超验主义Ralph Waldo Emerson 爱默生1803-82New England Transcendentalism or “American Renaissance” 新英格兰超验主义Nature 自然1936 “manifesto of American transcendentalism.”The American Scholar 美国学者Self-reliance 论自立The Transcendentalist 超验主义者American Romanticism 浪漫时期超验主义Henry David Thoreau 梭罗 1

10、817-1862TranscendentalismWalden 瓦尔登湖Civil Disobedience 论市民之不服从American Romanticism 浪漫时期巅峰Edgar Allen Poe 坡 1809-1849首开近代侦探小说先河，又是法国象征主义运动的源头以诗为诗；永为世人共赏的伟大抒情诗人-叶芝 Tales of the Grotesque and Arabesque 荒诞怪异故事集The Fall of the House of Usher 厄舍古屋的倒塌The RavenTo HelenAnnabel Lee 安娜贝尔李American Romanticism 浪

11、漫时期巅峰Nathaniel Hawthorne 纳撒尼尔霍桑1804-1864 The Scarlet Letter红字;Twice-told Tales 故事重述Mosses from an Old Manse 古屋青苔:Young Goodman Brown年轻的古德曼布朗;The House of the Seven Gables有七个尖角阁的房子-心理若们罗曼史;The Blithedale Romance福谷传奇;The Marble Faun玉石雕像 American Romanticism 浪漫时期 练习3. Edgar Allen Poe occupies an import

12、ant position in American literature as a poet and a _. A. Short story writerB. novelistC. DramatistD. translatorAmerican Romanticism 浪漫时期 练习4._was the first man of letters from the U.S. to win international recognition. A. Nathaniel Hawthorne B. Washington IrvingC. James Fenimore CooperD. Longfellow

13、American Romanticism 浪漫时期 练习5.Which of the following is a tremendous chronicle of an appalling voyage in pursuit of a seemingly supernatural white whale? A. The Scarlet Letter B. The Marble FaunC. Moby Dick D. The American ScholarAmerican Romanticism 浪漫时期 练习6. American literature produced only one f

14、emale poet in the 19th century, _.A. Anne BradstreetB. Jane AustinC. Emily DickinsonD. Harriet Beecher StoweAmerican Romanticism 浪漫时期 练习7. Which of the following is not written by Ralph Waldo Emerson _.A. The American ScholarB. Self-relianceC. NatureD. Civil DisobedienceAmerican Romanticism 浪漫时期 练习8

15、. As a philosophical movement, _ flourished in New England from the 1830s to the Civil War. A. modernismB. RationalismC. transcendentalismD. sentimentalismAmerican Romanticism 浪漫时期 练习9.Whitmans poems are characterized by all the following features EXCEPT _. A. Strict poetic formB. Free and natural r

16、hythm C. Easy flow of feelingD. Simple and conversational languageAmerican Realism 内战20世纪初期浪漫到现实的过渡：Harriet Beecher Stowe哈丽特比彻斯托1811-1896Uncle Toms Cabin汤姆叔叔的小屋; American Realism 内战20世纪初期四个主要流派之一：“温和的现实主义”William Dean Howells 威廉狄恩豪威尔斯1837-1920The Rise of Silas Lapham赛拉斯拉帕姆的发迹;American Realism 内战一战前四

17、个主要流派之三：“心理现实主义”（psychological realism)Henry James享利詹姆斯1843-1916Daisy Miller苔瑟米勒The Portrait of a Lady贵妇人画像The Bostonians波士顿人The Real Thing and Other Tales真货色及其他故事；The Wings of the Dove鸽翼；The Ambassadors大使；The Golden Bowl金碗American Realism 内战一战前四个主要流派之四：“自然主义”（naturalism)Theodore Dreiser西奥多德莱塞1871-1

18、945An American Tragedy美国的悲剧Sister Carrie嘉莉姐妹Jennie Gerhardt珍妮姑娘;Trilogy of Desire欲望三部曲(Financer金融家,The Titan巨人,The Stoic); （被称为美国最伟大的小说）Stephen Crane斯蒂芬克莱恩1871-1900The Red Badge of Courage 红色英勇勋章 Magic:A Girl of the Streets 街头女郎梅姬Jack London杰克伦敦1876-1916The Call of the Wild野性的呼唤;The Sea-wolf海狼;White

19、 Fang白牙;Martin Eden马丁伊登;American Realism 美国现实主义 练习1. Mark Twain is well known for his _. A. Frontier themeB. International themeC. Local colorD. SymbolismAmerican Realism 美国现实主义 练习2. The book that gives a fairly accurate account of southern plantation life is _. A. An American TragedyB. The Call of

20、the WildC. Uncle Toms CabinD. The Sea-WolfAmerican Realism 美国现实主义 练习3. Which of the following is NOT true about American naturalism? _. A. They stressed the possible triumph of human will. B. They ventured forbidden subjects such as sex, violence and death. C. They wrote in a daring, open and direct

21、 manner. D. They see human beings as no more than physical objects under the control of biological and environmental forces.American Realism 美国现实主义 练习4. With Howells, James and Mark Twain active on the scene, _became the major trend in the 70s and 80s of the 19th century. A. SentimentalismB. Romanti

22、cismC. RealismD. Transcendentalism American Realism 美国现实主义 练习5. Which of the following is not written by Mark Twain. A. The gilded ageB. Life on the MississippiC. The prince and the pauperD. The portrait of the ladyAmerican Realism 美国现实主义 练习6. Which of the following is not written by Mark Twain. A.

23、The gilded ageB. Life on the MississippiC. The prince and the pauperD. The portrait of the ladyAmerican Modernism 现代主义诗歌Ezra Pound艾兹拉庞德1885-1972 Imagism 意象主义 The Cantos of Ezra Pound 庞德诗章（109首及8首未完成稿） Cathay华夏（英译中国诗）American Modernism 现代主义诗歌Ezra Pound艾兹拉庞德1885-1972 Imagism 意象主义 In a Station of the M

24、etroThe apparition of these faces in the crowd, Petals on a wet, black boughAmerican Modernism 现代主义诗歌Robert Frost罗伯特弗罗斯特1874-1963 New EnglandMending Wall修墙,After Apple-picking摘苹果之后; The Road Not taken没有选择的道路;Stopping by Woods on a Snowy EveningAmerican Modernism 现代主义诗歌Thomas Stearns Eliot托马斯艾略特1888-

25、1965 The Love Song of J. Alfred PrufrockThe Waste Land荒原Ash Wednesday圣灰星期三Four Quarters四个四重奏诗剧：Murder in the Cathedral大教堂谋杀案;Family Reunion大团圆;Cocktail Party鸡尾酒会 American Modernism 现代主义诗歌Allen Ginsberg 艾伦金斯堡 1926-1997 “Beat Generation” Howl嚎叫Elizabeth Bishop,伊丽莎白毕肖普（1911-1979）American Modernism 现代主义

26、小说Ernest Hemingway欧内斯特海明威1899-1961（Lost Generation “迷惘的一代”的代表人物）The Old man and the Sea 老人与海Farewell to Arms永别了，武器The Sun Also Rises太阳照样升起;For Whom the Bell Tolls丧钟为谁而鸣短篇小说American Modernism 现代主义小说William Faulkner威廉福克纳1897-1962 南方The Sound and the Fury愤怒与喧嚣;As I lay dying当我垂死的时候;Light in August八月之光;

27、Absalom,Absolam押沙龙，押沙龙（家世小说）短篇小说American Modernism 现代主义小说F Scott Fitzgerald弗朗西斯菲茨杰拉德1896-1940(迷惘的一代)The Great Gatsby了不起的盖茨比;Tender in the Night夜色温柔;The Last Tycoon最后的巨头短篇小说：American Modernism 现代主义小说John Steinbeck约翰斯坦贝克1902-1966The Grapes of Wrath愤怒的葡萄Of Mice and Men鼠和人;The Pearl珍珠短篇小说J D Salinger 塞林

28、格1919- 2010The Catcher in the Rye麦田守望者 短篇小说John Updike 厄普代克 1932-2009兔子系列： Rabbit, Run; Rabbit Redux; Rabbit Is Rich; Rabbit At Rest; and the novella Rabbit RememberedAmerican Modernism 现代主义小说Saul Bellow索尔贝娄1915-2005Dangling Man晃来晃去的人; Henderson the Rain King雨王汉德逊;Seize the Day且乐今朝 Norman Mailer诺曼米勒

29、1923-2007 (垮掉的一代；文学恐怖主义者)The Naked and the Dead 裸者与死者；Joseph Heller约瑟夫海勒1923-1999Catch-22第二十二条军规 (black humor)American Modernism 现代主义小说John Barth约翰巴思1930- 后现代The Floating Opera漂浮的歌剧;The End of the Road穷途末路; Giles Goat-boy山羊孩子贾尔斯;Lost in the Funhouse迷失在开心馆里Chimera客迈拉；Thomas Pynchon托马斯品钦1937- (后现代)V.

30、V.The Crying of Lot 49 叫卖第49组Gravitys Rainbow 万有引力之虹American Modernism 现代主义戏剧Eugene Oneil尤金奥尼尔1888-1953 Long Days Journey Into Night日长路远夜深沉Emperor Jones琼斯皇;Long Voyage Home归途迢迢;Beyond the Horizon天边外（其成名作）The Hairy Ape毛猿;The Iceman Cometh送冰的人来了;American Modernism 现代主义戏剧Tennessee William田纳西威廉斯1911-1983 The Glass Menagerie玻璃动物园;The Streetcar Named Desire欲望号街车;Arthur Miller阿瑟米勒1915-2005The Death of a Salesman推销员之死（普人的悲剧）Edward Albee爱德华阿尔比1928- Whos Afraid of Virginia Woolf?谁害怕弗吉尼亚伍尔夫;The Zoo Story动物园的故事;American Modernism 现代主义现当代非裔美国文学William E