大英语精读英语知识点归纳总结

1、Unit 1 The Dinner Party1. shortly before WW1 一战前不久 2. track down 追溯,追查 3. be seated 就座 突然显4. spring up 现,开头 5. outgrow the jumping-on-a-chair-at the sight of a mouse era 不再像过去 那样见到老鼠就跳到椅子上 6. That last ounce of self-control is what really counts.这多出来的一点自制力才是真正起作用的； 7. motion to sb 向某人示意 signal to sb

2、8. whisper sth to sb 向某人嘀咕,耳语 9. the America comes to with a start.这个美国博物学家突然醒悟了 .Startle-startled10. bait for a snake 蛇的诱饵 11. an empty room 一个空房子 a bare marble floor 没铺地毯的大理石地板 barely any hair=hardly/scarcely any hair12. serve the next course 上下一道菜 a course of dish 一道菜 13. frighten sb into doing s

3、th 吓得某人去做 persuade sb into doing sthtalk sb into doing sththreaten sb into doing sth14. out of the corner of his eyes 从他的眼角里 15. Stare straight ahead 盯着往前看 16. Not move a muscle 纹丝不动 17. Make for 前往 18. Ring out19. Slam the door shut21. at the sight of 一观看 at the thought of 一想起 22.a heated/spirited

4、discussion一场猛烈的争辩 22. an example of perfect self-control23. A faint smile lights up the hostess Two spots of color brightened her face. s face.第 1 页,共 14 页A strange expression came over her face.24. a colonial official 一个殖民地官员 25. give a large dinner party 办一个盛大的晚宴 26. a visiting American naturalist

5、美国拜望博物学家 27. a spacious dining room 宽敞的餐厅 28. the major 少校 the colonel29. feel like doing sth 想要 /宠爱做某事 30. commotion 纷乱,骚动 31. The tone of his voice is so commanding that it silences everyon他e语 调很威猛,让每个人都静下来不出声 的 .32. count three hundred 数三百下 count up to three hundred 数到第三百下 33. sit like stone imag

6、es 像石雕一样坐 着 Sit rootedUnit 2Lessons from Jeffersonbe of interest/important 很好玩 /很重要 obtain knowledge from many sources从许多源头猎取学问 personal investigation 个人调查 appoint him to a committee 派他去一个委员会 study papers on the subject 争论该课题的文 件 make on-the-spot observations 做现场观看 By birth and by education Jefferso

7、n belonged to the highest social clas无 论是论出身仍是论训练,杰弗逊都属于最高的社会阶层 s. noble persons 贵族 .persons of noble origins 出身珍贵的人 persons of humble origins 出身卑微的人 go out of one s way to d特 o 意 sth/特地去做某a cooking pot 做饭的锅 If you will only do this, you may find out why people are dissatisfied.假如 也只有你情愿这样做,你才可能发觉为什

8、么人民不中意 .Heaven has given you a mind for judging truth and error. Use it. 上帝赐予 你一个判定正确和错误的头脑,就运用它吧 . form a correct judgment 形成正确的判定 not hesitate a moment to do sth第 2 页,共 14 页毫不徘徊地去做某事 the former and the latter 前者和后者 In a free country, there will always be conflicting ideas, and this is a source of

9、strength.在一个自由的国度,总会有冲突的看法,而 这正是力气的源泉 .Itis conflict and not unquestioningagreement that keepsfreedom alive.让自由保持活力的是冲突而不是确定的一样 .There are two sides to every question. If you take one side with effect, those who take the other side will of course resent your actions.假如你有力地站在一方,那么另一方的人必定会憎恨你 每个问题都有两面

10、 的行动 .be chained to customs 受习俗的禁锢 lose its usefulness失去它的效用 No society can makea perpetual constitution, or evena perpetual law任. 何 一个社会都不能制定出永久的宪法或永久的法律 .He didn t fear new ideas, nor did he fear the futu他re不 . 惧怕新观点,也不 惧怕将来 .I steer my ship with hope, leaving fear behind.我满怀期望驾驶着帆船,把惧怕抛在身后 .be ba

11、sed on knowledge 以学问为基 石 men of his age=peer 同龄人 practice crop rotation and soil conservation standard practice 标准的做法 be superior to any other in existence比现存的任何做法都优越 be inferior to 不如 施行作物轮作和土壤保持 Of all Jefferson smany talents, onntreails. ce在杰弗逊的诸多才能中,其中一个是重要的 .He was above all a good and tireless

12、 writer.第一,他是个优秀的不知疲乏的作家 .Ageless-parentless-timeless31. complete works 全集 32. when the time came to do sth当该 的时候 做 33. the task of writing it was his. 撰写的任务都落在他的肩头了 .34. We hold those truths to be self-evident, that allmen are created equal.我们坚信这些不言而喻的事实：人人生而公正 .第 3 页,共 14 页Every is born equal.35.

13、He left his countrymen a rich legacy of ideas and examples.他给他的同胞留下一笔丰富的思想遗产和范例 .36. owe a great debt to 归功于 .=Be indebted to 37. Only a nation of educated people could remain free.只有一个由受训练 的人民组成的国度才能保持自由 .Unit 3 My First Job apply for a teaching job 申请一份教学工作 go from bad to worse 每况愈下 enter universi

14、ty 进入高校 in a suburb of London 在伦敦的郊区 be very short of money 手头很紧 Without a degree and with no experience in teaching, my chances of gettingthis job were slim. 一无学历,二无教学经受,我得到可能性是微乎其微 . Chances of doing are/were做某事的机会是 It proved an awkward journey. 这一路原先真是麻烦； a ten-minute bus ride 特殊钟的车程 a walk of at

15、 least a quarter of mile 步行至少四分之一英里 9. as a result 结果 . with the result that Result in . .Result from .too depressed to feel nervous太沮丧了就感觉不到紧急了 four evergreen shrubs stood at each corne四r 个角上各有一个冬青灌木 struggle to survive the dust and fumes from a busy main road 经受着从繁 忙的大街上吹来的烟尘,挣扎着努力活下来 a sandy-colo

16、red moustache 一个沙色的小胡 子 a wrinkled forehead 布满皱纹的前额 with an air of surprised disapproval 一种惊奇的,不以为然的神态 sth smell of 闻起.来有 味道 The room smells of unpleasantly stale cabbiag房e.间发出一股烂白菜 的 味道,闻上去很不舒服； ink marks 墨水渍 judging by .依. 据 .判定 proceed to do sth 继而去 接下来去； fix me with his bloodshot eyes 用他那布满红血丝的争

17、论那个盯着 我 a vital part of 是 极 为重要的组成部分 第 4 页,共 14 页mumble sth to sb 向某人咕哝什么 grunt/murmur/whisper sth to sbhave little in common 没有什么共同语言 I had said the wrong thing. 我说错了话 teach them in turn at three different levels依据三个不同的程度轮番给他们上课 be dismayed at the thought of 一想 .就很沮丧 be incompetent at algebra and g

18、eometry对数学和几何一窍不通 worse perhaps was .糟糕的是 .worse still,enjoy leisure 享受闲暇之乐 get /rise to his feet 起身 the last straw 终使人不堪一击的是 The prospect of working under a woman consisted the ultimate indignity.在一个女人手下工作的前景构成了最大的羞辱； Unit 4 The Professor and the Yo-yoa simple, modest and ordinary man一个淳朴,虚心的一般人 a

19、shy young visitor to his home 小时候有一次去他家拜望的时候很害羞 feel at ease 感到无拘无束 roll back up the string 顺着线转上去 when my turn came 当轮到我的时候 display a few tricks 露了几手 throw .off balance 使失去平sb be impressed by 对 . 有印象 被动 sth impress sb by 给某人留下印象（主come to terms with 与 .一样,妥协 within his limits as a human being在他作为一个人

20、类的才能范畴内 beyond his intellectual reach 超乎他的智力范畴 be content to do sth 中意于做某事 jealousy, vanity, bitterness, anger, resentment, happinessbe immune to 不.受 的影响 /干扰 beyond any pretension 丝毫不矫揉造作 correspond with sb 与某人通信 corresponding=matching 相应的 mean nothing to 对 .而言毫无意义 第 5 页,共 14 页believe in simplicity

21、信奉朴实 do the job 就可以了,就行了 so much so that present sb with sth 赠予某人某物 beam with pleasure 兴奋得满脸含笑 revert to using plain water 又回复到用清水了 Einstein was purely and exclusively a theorist.爱因斯坦完完全全是个理论 家； begin a long explanation 开头长篇说明 pursue various theories 试着用各种理 论 his quick expression of disapproval 他快速现

22、出的不赞成的表情 work out the solution 争论出解决的方法 He had developed the theories that were profound and capable of excitingrelatively few scientists 他 .所提出的理论都是特殊深奥,只能使比较少的科 学家感爱好的理论 a household name/word 一个家喻户晓的名字 across the civilized world 在整个闻名世 界 be bewildered by 对 .困惑不解 stare at 瞪着 receive such attention

23、备受关注 be singled out as sth specia被l 挑选出来当做特殊人物对 待 as far as be capable of doing sth 有才能做某 事 take apart 拆开 Unit 5 The Villain in the Atmospherebe essential to life 对生命而言至关重要 to a dangerous degree/exten到t 一种很危险的程 度 do sb harm 对某人有害 serve as the basic food supply for . 充当 .的最基本的食物供应 convert .into 把 转化成

24、 . this apparently harmless and certainly essentialgas 这一看上去无害而无 疑必不行少的气体 rise slowly from year to year 年复一年的缓慢地上升 in all likelihood 极有可能 第 6 页,共 14 页a large fraction of the world s population世界上的大部分是人口 advance steadily 稳步前进 retreat inland 向内陆退居 under the pressure 在压力下 .的领导下 The various gases in the

25、 atmosphere are transparent to sunlight under the leadership of 在 大 .气中各 种各样的气体对太阳光来说是透亮的； strike the top of the atmosphere 直射大气层的顶部 radiate heat into space in the form of infrared radiation 将热量以红外线的 形式放射到太空； visible light 可见光 invisible man 隐形人 . in particular 特殊是,特殊是 tend to do sth 往往会,经常会做 . We ar

26、e thankful that我.们很感谢 go up steadily 稳步上升 rise slowly 缓慢上升 rise steadily 稳步上升 creep upward 悄然攀升 make up.account for 占. .比例 It s estimated that 据估量. the concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere 大气中二氧化碳的 浓度 as a result, .with the result thatat a rapidly increasing rate以快速上升的速度 at a rate of ma

27、ny tons per day 以每天数吨的速度 at an equal rate 以同样的速度 in the process 在此过程中 in the course of 在 . .的期间 a new perspective on this matter 对此事的新观点 by itself 自行 第 7 页,共 14 页cut down the forests=fell the forest砍 s伐森林 new sources of fuel 新燃料源 nuclear power 核能 alternative sources of energy 替代能源 solar energy 太阳能 i

28、nterior heat 内部的热量 support competing military machines支持对抗性的军事器械 melt away 融解 visibledistinct obvious evident apparentclearto make the matter wore, 更糟糕的是, .worse still, 更糟糕的是, .Unit 6 The Making of a Surgeonthe making of a surgeon 一位外科医生的成功之道 the point in time=the moment时刻,那一刻 the point in time when

29、 he finally become a科医生的那一刻； draw to a close-come to an end 终 止 on more than one occasion 不止一 次 at one time or another 说不定何时 not infrequently 经常 more than once 不止一次 have trouble in getting back to sleep很难再重新入睡 当“他su终rg于e 成 on为”一 名外 the operating room 手术室 the emergency room 急诊室 the peace of mind 内心的寂

30、静 the state of mind 心境 There is no surgical patient I cannot treat competently. 任何外科病人我都 能胜任地进行治疗； Be competent at/in 能胜任地做某事 treat-treatment 治疗,待遇 near that point 接近那个时刻 encounter emergency situations 遇到紧急情形 dread the ringing of the telephone第 8 页,共 14 页可怕电话铃响起 dread errors 可怕犯错 To err, is human; t

31、o forgive, divine.犯错是人性,宽恕是神性 make a considered decision 做出一个深思熟虑的准备 make a poor/sound/critical decision 不妥当的 /稳妥的 /至关重要的 15. conceit-conceited adj 自负的 Smug 自鸣中意的 adjin trying moments 在很伤心的时候 be bothered by doubts and uncertainties受到重重疑虑的煎熬 the practice of medicine 行医实践 practice medicine 行医 be out i

32、n practice 外出行医 dwell in=reside in=live in dwell on 老想着,仔细阐述 live with=tolerate 容忍,忍耐 be bound to 一. 定 . be equally confident 同样地自信 handle any emergency situation应对任何紧急情形 There are no more butterflies in my stomach.我再也不忐忑担忧了； open up a chest or abdomen 剖开胸膛或者腹部 anticipate the problem in advance 提前推测

33、到问题所 在 punctured lungs 肺部穿孔 compound fracture 复合型骨折 inevitable-unavoidable 不行防止的 take full/sole responsibility for为 .承担全部责任 accept the fact with calmness寂静地接受事实 . perform an operation on sb做手术 为 chances are that=It s likely thatsit on拖. 延,推迟 delay doing sthsweat over胆. 战心惊地做 . with my knowledge, ski

34、ll and experience第 9 页,共 14 页凭我的学问,技能和体会 Unit 7 Not on My Blockstand up torise to 奋起应对 the young men dealing drugs=drug dealers/pushers take drugs 吸毒 deal drugs 贩毒 smuggle drugs 走私毒品 smuggled goods 水货 The prodigal son has returned.浪子回头； like sth right off 一下子就宠爱 . an extra bedroom extra=additional p

35、erfect spot 理想的地方 summon up ones courage to do sth鼓起士气 pluck up ones courage to do sth a gang of 一帮 . a bunch ofa group of a set of .9. arrive home from work 下班回家 10. reluctantly-unwillingly 不情愿地 11. start at her with cold, hard eyes用冷酷无情的眼睛盯着她 12. reseat themselves 他们又坐下来了 13. a vacant house= a vac

36、ant property一座空房子 a vacant lot 一块空地 14. in coming weeks 在将来的几周 15. a steady stream of cars and foot traffic川流不息的车辆和行人 foot traffic=pedestrian16. conduct business 交易,做生意 17. shoot up 注射毒品 18. urinate in the backyard 在后院撒尿 Urinate=answer the natures call19. have no illusions abou 对 不再抱幻想 t20. occupy a

37、 seat 占座位 Occupy-occupied-occupationOccupied-vacant第 10 页,共 14 页21. in the neighborhood of 在邻近 /周边地22. The drug warswere raging 品战在猛烈进行 23. hang out 闲逛,出没 毒 .24. call the police 报警 25. beg sb to do sth 祈求某人做某事 beg the police to disperse the dealers祈求警察把毒贩子躯干走 26. drift back 间续回来了 27. a 50-something

38、mother of grown children 一个五十来岁母 孩子已长 亲, 大成人 28imagine doing sth 想象着做某事 29. fight the battle 参战,打仗 .30. rise to an unexpected challenge应对这突如其来的挑战 31. be addicted to doing sth 上瘾 .做 32. foster care 领养 33. get custody of . 得到 的监护权 34. pray to sb for .为 向某人祈求 35. gonna=going to36. Ones insides are turn

39、ing over.某人的五脏六腑在翻动 .There are butterflies in ones stomach.keep her face a maskstay off her property 远离她的财产 sbsheartbeatrises to sbs throat.心一下子提到喉咙眼里 repeat her request 重复她的请求 clear snow from her walk 清扫她门前的积雪 check in on sb 探望 /拜 .take to doing sth 开头习惯 /宠爱做某事 warn sb of sth 警告某人某事 warn them of th

40、e danger of fast money警告他们不义之财有危害 Do something positive.干些这个正经事儿 take a stand 说明态度 wage her own battle against a different set of drug pusher只s 身开展斗争反 对另一帮毒贩子 in a tragedy that became national news在一场成为全国新闻的悲剧里 第 11 页,共 14 页set on fire=set fire to 放火 .charge sb with doing sth 控告某人做某事 accuse sb of do

41、ing sththe deadly fire 这场致命的大火 a driving force 驱动力,推动力 extend-extended-extension establish an extended-day program建立一个放学后校内项目 an extended family 大家庭 a core family 小家庭 53. prompt sb to do sth 促使某人做某事 incite sb to do sth54. step up efforts to do sth 加快步伐去做某事 55. redevelop the deserted/abandoned houses

42、重建废弃的房子 56. explode-exclaim 大声说 57. get through to sb 让某人明白 /懂得 58. be modest about 对 很虚心 59. exert an impact on .对 .产生影响 Impact-influence60. I have a sore throat. 我嗓子疼 .Unit 8 Honesty: Is It Going Out of Style1. according to a recent poll依据最近的一项民意测试 2. cheat on exams cheat on income taxes考试作弊 3. It

43、 can be argued that. 可能有人会争论说 It is estimated that. 据估量 .4. response-respond to 5. be faced with the temptation to do sth 面临做 .的诱惑 meet with=be faced with 6. peekata neighborstest paper偷看邻座的考7. be hard on .对 .严格 /严格 8. on the rise 在上身 /增长 a rise in the use of examsrise=increase 9. pass competency tests通过才能测试 10. more and more= a growing number of第 12 页,共 14 页越来越多 11. lead to=cause=result in 导致 A rise in the use of exams may lea