北京市东城区2020届高三英语下学期阶段性检测试题含解析

1、PAGE PAGE - 24 -20192020 学年度第二学期阶段性教学质量检测高三英语第一部分：知识运用(共两节，45分)第一节 语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分)A阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。I was four, playing outside in the humid Kentucky air. I saw my grandfathers truck and thought, Granddad shouldnt have to drive such an ugly truck

2、. Then I _1_(spy) some paint. Idea! I got a brush and painted white dots all over the truck. I was on the roof finishing the job when Granddad walked up, _2_(look) at his truck in astonishment. “Angela, thats the _3_(pretty) truck Ive ever seen!” Sometimes I think adults dont stop to see things _4_

3、a childs eyes. He could have blamed me. Instead, he lifted my little soul.【答案】1. spied 2. looking 3. prettiest 4. through【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者小时候和爷爷的故事。【1题详解】考查时态。句意：然后我看到了一些油漆。全文时态都是一般过去时态，动词应使用一般过去式。故填spied。【2题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：完成我的杰作后我就来到屋顶，这时爷爷走过来，看着他的卡车，十分惊讶。分析句子结构可知，look at his truck作Granddad的定语，loo

4、k与Granddad之间是主动关系，应使用现在分词形式。故填looking。【3题详解】考查形容词比较等级。句意：Angela，那是我见过的最漂亮的卡车。“the +形容词最高级+可数名词+that Ive seen/heard/known”意为“我见过的/听过的/知道的最的”,是形容词最高级的常见用法。故填prettiest。【4题详解】考查介词。句意：有时，我觉得成年人应该通过孩子的目光去看待事物。结合句意，后面的短语“a childs eyes”是用来说明“see things”的方式，即“通过孩子的双眼看待事物”。故填through。B阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白

5、处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。How do you fight a coral-killing starfish? With a starfish-killing robot, of course. In Australia, researchers _5_(test) a robot that kills starfish. Specifically, the robot targets a large starfish _6_(call) the crown-of-thorns(长棘海星). The animal gets its name fr

6、om its sharp, poisonous spines(刺). The robot uses cameras to search the seafloor for the starfish. Then it swims close to the animal and uses an extendable arm to inject it with poison. Soon, it is hoped _7_ scientists can put the robot to work to protect the Great Barrier Reef. Then the starfish wo

7、nt seem so tough anymore.【答案】5. are testing 6. called 7. that【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了澳大利亚人用机器人对付海星，以保护当地的珊瑚礁。【5题详解】考查时态。句意：在澳大利亚，人们正试验用一种机器人来消灭海星。这是一篇介绍性的文章，测试机器人的行动是当下正在进行的，应使用现在进行时态。故填are testing。【6题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：特别的是，机器人的目标是一种名为长棘海星的大型海星。分析句子结构可知，call the crown-of-thorns是starfish的定语，starfsh与call之间是被动关系，

8、应使用过去分词形式。故填called。【7题详解】考查主语从句。句意：科学家有望不久之后将这种机器人用于保护大堡礁的工作中。分析句子可知，it是形式主语，真正的主语是从句“scientists can put the robot to work to protect the Great Barrier Reef.”，句意完整，成分齐全，that引导主语从句，无词义，不做成分，“it+be动词+分词+that+从句”是常见句型。故填that。C阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Zoo Awareness D

9、ay is a day _8_ people question the place and value of zoos in the twenty-first century. It is organized by the Captive Animals Protection Society, which says zoos are mainly for tourism rather than protecting animals. Even though many zoos promote _9_(they) as places of education, conservation and

10、research, they are really just a tourist attraction. Zoo Awareness Day is to make people aware that animals in zoos suffer from physical and psychological problems because they are in cages. The protection of _10_(nature) habitats is the only way to prevent further species decline.【答案】8. when 9. the

11、mselves 10. natural【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了“Zoo Awareness Day”，提醒人们保护动物。【8题详解】考查定语从句。句意：动物园宣传日是处于二十一世纪的人们可以质问动物园地位和价值的日子。分析句子可知，a day是先行词，后句结构完整，不缺主语宾语，结合先行词的属性，考虑表时间的关系副词。故填when。【9题详解】考查代词。即使很多动物园都标榜自身为集教育、保护和研究于一体的地方，但实际上它们只是旅游景点而已。分析句子可知，这里的they作promote的宾语，就是指动物园自己，应使用反身代词。故填themselves。【10题详解】考查形容词。句意：对

12、自然栖息地的保护是避免物种进一步减少唯一的方法。这里的nature用来修饰名词habitats，应使用形容词。故填natural。第二节 完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，共30分)阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。It was “college colours” day at an elementary school in Altamonte Springs, Florida, on August 30. One of Laura Snyders fourth-grade students Billy wore an o

13、range T-shirt _11_ his favourite school, the University of Tennessee.Billy was so excited to show Snyder his shirt. She was _12_ that he took it one step further to make his own label and he drew his own UT logo with pen and paper and _13_ it to his shirt.But after lunch, Billy came back to Snyders

14、room crying. Some girls at the lunch table next to Billys had made fun of the _14_ on his shirt. Billy was depressed. Snyder knew kids can be _15_. She was aware that the label was not the fanciest one, but this kid used the resources he had _16_ to him to participate in the activity.In an effort to

15、 _17_ him up, Snyder planned to buy him a University of Tennessee shirt. She asked on the Facebook if anyone out there had any _18_ at the university to make it a little extra special for Billy.What happened next completely _19_ her. Her post spread rapidly on Facebook, eventually reaching Universit

16、y of Tennessee fans and then the university itself. The university _20_ by sending Billy a package of UT souvenirs for him and his classmates.“Im not even sure I can put into words his _21_. It was so heart-warming,” Snyder wrote in an _22_ to her post. “Billy was so amazed at all the goodies in the

17、 box. He _23_ put on the jersey(运动衫) and one of the many hats in the box. All who saw applauded for him. ”But then things got even _24_The universitys official shop _25_ on September 5 that it decided to take Billys handmade logo and turn it into a(an)_26_ shirt. And some of the money will be donate

18、d to an anti-bullying(反欺凌) organization.“When I told him that his design was being made into a real shirt and people wanted to wear it, his jaw _27_,” Snyder wrote. “He had a big smile on his face, walked taller, and I could tell his _28_ grew today! Thank you to the UT Nation for that!”Billys mothe

19、r wrote a letter of _29_ that Snyder posted. It said, in part, “I can tell you that I spent a lot of my day reading all the kind words in support of my son and Im _30_ beyond words,” she wrote.11. A. appreciatingB. representingC. admiringD. picturing12. A. remindedB. convincedC. impressedD. satisfie

20、d13. A. attachedB. woreC. turnedD. printed14. A. brandB. signC. colourD. sample15. A. strangeB. stupidC. cruelD. selfish16. A. sustainableB. typicalC. availableD. convenient17. A. cheerB. tripC. teamD. pick18. A. exchangeB. contactC. suggestionD. knowledge19. A. frozeB. posedC. blindedD. floored20.

21、A. acknowledgedB. greetedC. respondedD. permitted21. A. reactionB. improvementC. behaviourD. attitude22. A. emailB. addressC. interviewD. update23. A. simplyB. personallyC. proudlyD. fortunately24. A. betterB. more complicatedC. harderD. more interesting25. A. advertisedB. explainedC. promisedD. ann

22、ounced26. A. newB. expensiveC. popularD. actual27. A. changedB. droppedC. achedD. closed28. A. confidenceB. expectationC. responsibilityD. reputation29. A. agreementB. gratitudeC. congratulationsD. recommendation30. A. educatedB. helpedC. shockedD. touched【答案】11. B 12. C 13. A 14. B 15. C 16. C 17.

23、A 18. B 19. D 20. C 21. A 22. D 23. C 24. A 25. D 26. D 27. B 28. A 29. B 30. D【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了四年级学生Billy穿着自绘田纳西大学标志的衬衣却遭到同学取笑，为了鼓励Billy，他的老师Snyder在Facebook上发文求助，竟然得到了田纳西大学官方的回应和帮助，甚至专门为Billy设计了衬衣。【11题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Laura Snyder的一名四年级学生Billy穿着一件橘色衬衣，它代表着Billy最喜欢的田纳西大学。A. appreciating感激，欣赏；B. repr

24、esenting代表；C. admiring羡慕，欣赏；D. picturing描写。结合后文Billy在衬衣上绘制了田纳西大学标志的表现，他穿这件衬衫就是代表了田纳西大学。故选B项。【12题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她注意到Billy更进一步制作了自己的标签。A. reminded提醒；B. convinced使信服；C. impressed留下印象；D. satisfied使满意。Billy自己给衣服增添的东西，无疑让老师留下了印象。故选C项。【13题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他用纸和笔自己画了田纳西大学的标志并把它贴在了衬衣上。A. attached依附，固定；B. wore穿着

25、；C. turned转向；D. printed打印。Billy对衬衣做了装饰，其中之一就是增加了田纳西大学的标志，attachto意为“贴在/附在”。故选A项。【14题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：旁边餐桌的几个女生嘲笑了他衣服上的标志。A. brand品牌；B. sign标志；C. colour颜色；D. sample样品。衣服上自制的标志是Billy自己的作品，被嘲笑所以很难过。logo与sign都有标志的意思。故选B项。【15题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Snyder知道孩子们有时会很冷酷。A. strange奇怪的，陌生的；B. stupid愚蠢的；C. cruel残酷的；D. s

26、elfish自私的。上文中Billy遭到同学嘲笑心情低落。站在老师的角度，是了解孩子们有时也会不近人情比较刻薄的。故选C项。【16题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她意识到那个标签不是最好看，但这个孩子用上了可用的资源参与到这次活动中。A. sustainable可持续的；B. typical典型的；C. available可获取的；D. convenient方便的。标志也许显得简陋，但却是Billy花心思付心血制作的，应该是使用了手头可用的一切东西。故选C项。【17题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了鼓励他，Snyder打算给他买一件田纳西大学的衬衣。A. cheer鼓励，喝彩；B. tri

27、p旅行；C. team合作；D. pick挑选。cheer up意为“使高兴，使振作”，符合老师的行动。故选A项。【18题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她在Facebook上询问是否有人能联系到田纳西大学，好为Billy做一些特别的东西。A. exchange交换；B. contact联系；C. suggestion建议；D. knowledge知识。如果在大学里有关系，做特制的衣服也许就有门路了。故选B项。【19题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：接下来的事让她大吃一惊。A. froze冻结；B. posed造成，引起；C. blinded使失明；D. floored使惊奇。下文提到的帖子走红、

28、田纳西大学官方回应等事件无疑让Snyder十分惊讶。故选D项。【20题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为回应，田纳西大学向Billy和他的同学们送去了大包的学校纪念品。A. acknowledged承认；B. greeted问候；C. responded回应；D. permitted允许。Snyder的帖子走红，田纳西大学官方也了解到了此事，因此作出了回应。故选C项。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我甚至不知道该怎么用语言描述他的反应。A. reaction反应；B. improvement提高；C. behaviour行为；D. attitude态度。下文中说到Billy接到礼物后的反

29、应，十分温馨。故选A项。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：Snyder在更新的博文中写道。A. email邮件；B. address地址；C. interview采访，面试；D. update更新。联系上文，这里应该是Snyder在Facebook上更新了动态。故选D项。【23题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：他骄傲地穿上运动衫并戴上了箱子里的一顶帽子。A. simply简单地；B. personally私下地；C. proudly骄傲地；D. fortunately幸运地。Billy收到田纳西大学送来的东西，心情不言而喻，一定非常骄傲。故选C项。【24题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但接

30、下来事情甚至朝着更好的方向发展了。A. better更好的；B. more complicated更复杂的；C. harder更难的；D. more interesting更有趣的。从下文来看，田纳西大学为Billy定制了专门的衬衣，是更大的惊喜。故选A项。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：大学的官方商店在9月5日宣布决定采用Billy自制的标志然后做出实体的衬衣。A. advertised广告；B. explained解释；C. promised承诺；D. announced宣布。下一句的内容是商店作出的决定，应当是宣布出来的。故选D项。【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：大学的官方

31、商店在9月5日宣布决定采用Billy自制的标志然后做出实体的衬衣。A. new新的；B. expensive昂贵的；C. popular受欢迎的；D. actual实际的。与下文的“being made into a real shirt”呼应，指的是实体物品投入生产。故选D项。【27题详解】考查固定短语。句意：当我告诉他他的设计被用于制作实体的衬衣而且人们都想穿这款衣服时，他惊讶得下巴都快掉到地上了。A. changed改变；B. dropped掉落；C. ached疼痛；D. closed关闭。jaw drop字面意为“下巴掉了”，夸张的说法表示非常吃惊。故选B项。【28题详解】考查名词词

32、义辨析。句意：他的脸上浮现出笑容，走路也昂首挺胸，我能看出来今天他自信了许多！A. confidence信心；B. expectation期待；C. responsibility责任；D. reputation名誉。从Billy露出笑容以及走路姿势的变化来看，得到田纳西大学鼓励的他变得更加自信了。故选A项。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：Billy的妈妈写信感谢Snyder发文。A. agreement同意；B. gratitude感激；C. congratulations恭喜；D. recommendation推荐。Billy今日的收获都是从老师Snyder在Facebook发文求助开

33、始的，所以Billy的母亲要致以感谢。故选B项。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我感动到无以言表。A. educated教育；B. helped帮助；C. shocked震惊；D. touched触动。Billy的母亲在信中写到许多人送来鼓励Billy的话，这些无疑是让她十分感动的。故选D项。第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，40分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，共30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AEnjoy an amazing time in Lake Tahoe, CA with the fantastic show,

34、Magic Fusion! This fantastic display features a variety of talented magicians who each take to the stage with their own flare, tricks, and illusions(视觉幻想) that will have the audiences who witness the show on the edge of their seats.Presented by the amazing Loft Theatre, this show has seen the likes

35、of famous magicians such as Robert Hall and Chipper Lowell. Each evening stars a different magician as well, so you can enjoy a variety of talented performers all on the same stage. It is great for all ages, so you can bring the entire family along to be excited and entertained during this 75-minute

36、 performance. You never know what you may see, so do not miss out!The Loft Theatre is Lake Tahoes premier place for entertainment and delicious food. Not only is it home to amazing shows that will entertain and thrill, but it is also home to a dining experience that serves up some mouthwatering meal

37、s. Before your show, be sure to grab a bite to eat before heading over to enjoy the Loft. It is located in the extremely popular Heavenly Village area of Lake Tahoe next to sparkling fountains and the famous Heavenly Toy Shop. It also features a lounge(休息室) and guests who arrive early can enjoy food

38、, fun, and magicians who will wow you with tricks for that extra dose(量) of entertainment!For an amazing experience that you will not soon forget, be sure to enjoy this fantastic performance at the Loft Theatre!Enjoy this amazing show that will keep you guessing with tons of great tricks and illusio

39、ns to keep you and your whole family entertained. You can be on the edge of your seat with this option of regular seating to witness this fantastic show, or experience the Magic Fusion show in the best seats possible. Order your tickets today!31. What can we learn about Magic Fusion?A. It is intende

40、d for all the family members.B. The display will last for one and half hours.C. Different performers will be performing together.D. Audiences will be invited onto the stage during the show.32. The Loft Theatre .A. lies in a famous largely populated areaB. is well-known for the surrounding sceneryC.

41、serves food before and after the performanceD. provides those who come early with extra show33. What is true about the arrangement of the performance?A. The performance on Friday finishes earlier.B. The show starts from 9:00 pm every Tuesday.C. There are two performances available every Sunday.D. Re

42、gular and VIP seating are offered on different days.【答案】31. A 32. D 33. C【解析】这是一篇应用文。文章对一场魔术表演进行宣传，介绍了演出时间、地点、剧场情况等。【31题详解】细节理解题。由第二段倒数第二句“It is great for all ages, so you can bring the entire family along to be excited and entertained during this 75-minute performance.”可知，演出是面向全年龄段的，适合全家观看。故选A项。【32

43、题详解】细节理解题。由第三段最后一句“It also features a lounge(休息室) and guests who arrive early can enjoy food, fun, and magicians who will wow you with tricks for that extra dose(量) of entertainment!”可知，提前到场的观众可以观看魔术师的额外表演。故选D项。【33题详解】细节理解题。观察演出安排的图表和图例可知，周日会安排两场演出，分别在下午四点半和七点。故选C项。BJohn Harrison has an enviable job

44、 in most peoples opinion. Hes the official taster for Dreyers Grand Ice Cream, one of the best-selling ice-cream brands in the U.S.A. On an average day, Harrison has to sample sixty ice creams at the Dreyers headquarters. When he isnt doing that, he travels all over the country, buying Dreyers ice c

45、ream in supermarkets so that he can carry out spot checks for appearance and flavor. But, no matter how wonderful this job may sound, it is actually quite tough. Its difficult work, requiring discipline, selflessness, and thorough preparation.Before tasting a sample, Harrison uses his eyes first. If

46、 the ice cream doesnt look attractive, he skips it. Then, he uses a gold spoon instead of one made of wood, plastic, or other metals. This is because regular spoons leave an aftertaste that can dull the taste buds(味蕾). In addition, the temperature of the ice cream may also influence the tasters tast

47、e buds.When Harrison samples ice cream, he first takes only a small bite of the ice cream, swishes it around in his mouth to introduce it to each of his taste buds, lightly licks his lips, and then gently breathes in so as to bring the smell up through the back of his mouth to his nose. With each st

48、ep, he carefully sizes up whether the ice cream conveys the ideal balance between dairy sweetness and the flavor of the added ingredients. And last of all, no matter what the ice cream tastes like, he spits(吐) it out, since a full stomach makes for a dull palate(迟钝的味觉).For Harrison, keeping a sharp

49、palate means no onions, garlic, or cayenne pepper. He also doesnt have any coffee or tea, since these block the taste buds. But to him, this is just a small price to pay for what he calls “the worlds best job” .Harrisons family has been in the ice-cream business for four generations, and Harrison hi

50、mself has spent almost his whole life in it as well. Yet, he has never lost his love of the cold, creamy sweetness. He orders ice cream in restaurants for dessert, even when hes not at work. On these occasions, he swallows the ice cream, taking in about a liter a week. Though he has gained some weig

51、ht over the years hes been with Dreyers, he couldnt care less. “Who would trust a skinny ice-cream taster?” he jokes.34. What is forbidden in Harrisons job?A. Doing shopping.B. Eating the ice cream.C. Using gold spoons.D. Skipping the ice scream.35. What can we learn about Harrison?A. He learned his

52、 work skills from his family.B. His job affects his appetite for the ice cream.C. He is willing to give up something for his job.D. He has to gain some weight to meet the need of work.36. What does Harrison think of his job?A. Creative.B. Ordinary.C. High-paying.D. Proud.37. What is the main purpose

53、 of the passage?A. To describe Harrisons job and how he does it.B. To analyze the reasons why Harrison chose his job.C. To make suggestions on how to apply for popular careers.D. To introduce the advantages of working for a best-selling brand.【答案】34. B 35. C 36. D 37. A【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了John Harr

54、ison的令人羡慕的工作冰淇淋试味，这一职业其实并不像人们想象的那么美好，背后也需要不少付出。【34题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“And last of all, no matter what the ice cream tastes like, he spits(吐) it out, since a full stomach makes for a dull palate(迟钝的味觉).”可知，试味结束后Harrison是不能吃掉冰淇淋的，必须要吐掉以避免饱腹感对味觉的影响。故选B项。【35题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句“But to him, this is just a

55、 small price to pay for what he calls “the worlds best job” .”可知，尽管为了保持味觉敏锐日常生活中需要忌口，但Harrison仍然觉得这份工作无与伦比，作出一些牺牲也可以接受。故选C项。【36题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的But to him, this is just a small price to pay for what he calls “the worlds best job” .并结合最后两段来看，Harrison喜爱自己的工作也将毕生精力投入其中，对于这份工作他是引以为傲的。故选D项。【37题详解】推理判断题。

56、文章围绕着Harrison冰淇淋试味这项工作展开，详细描述了工作内容，旨在让读者对这一职业有所了解。故选A项。【点睛】写作意图考题的主要形式分为考查整篇文章的写作目的和考查某处细节的写作意图。不同的文章写作目的也不尽相同，通常可以分为这么三种：1.常见于故事类的文章：讲述一段有趣或不同寻常的经历。2.常见于广告类的文章：推销一种产品或服务；吸引游客/读者/观众等。3.常见于科普类、新闻报道类、文化类或社会类的文章：向读者普及一些信息；报道某人某事；简单介绍某人某事。这类题目主观性较强的阅读理解需要考生具备对事物进行归纳分类的能力，在获取信息事实后，才能将已知细节加以分析，从而得出合理的判断。本

57、文属于第三种类型，主要内容就是冰淇淋试味员Harrison和他的工作内容，其意图就是向读者介绍冰淇淋试味员这份职业和工作内容，提问写作意图的第四小题中，A选项是最贴合的，从而确定答案。CIn 2012, James Cameron, creator of Avatar and Titanic, became the first person to reach the Challenger Deep. When he arrived at the deepest spot on Earth at 7 miles below sea level, he spent hours mapping th

58、e region and taking photos and samples.“As human beings, were drawn to absolutesthe deepest, the highest, the coldest, the farthest,” he says. “And as a storyteller and curious monkey, I just wanted to see what was there.” The answer is obviousplastic and more. “Our so-called civilization is using t

59、he ocean as its toilet,” Cameron says. “Unless this changes, ocean ecosystems are going to continue their rapid collapse.”Despite decades of environmental studies, the impact of plastic and other forms of pollution on oceans are not entirely understood. Initial studies appear to indicate that ingest

60、ing(摄取) themeither directly or indirectlycould cause disease. Plastics can also release poisonous substances into the water, which could potentially impact animal populations.But plastic is just one of the problems facing oceans that have yet to be fully understood. “Plastic waste in the ocean is ho