unit 5 African Americans市公开课金奖市赛课一等奖课件

1、Unit 5 The African Americans第1页Section C Post-reading Questions:How much do you know about the African Americans in different fields of American society?e.g. political, sports, literature, entertainment, etc.第2页Toni Morrison (1931- )an American novelist, editor, and professor. Her novels are known f

2、or their epic themes, vivid dialogue, and richly detailed characters.Her themes:The terror and trauma of racial oppressionThe complex behavior of living under gender and racial conflictsThe psychology of survivalNobel Prize in Literature 1993 (the first black woman to win it)Magic Realism第3页Novels T

3、he Bluest Eye (1970) Sula (1973) Song of Solomon (1977) National Book Critics Circle Award Tar Baby (1981) Beloved (1987) Pulitzer Prize & American Book AwardJazz (1992) Paradise (1997) Love () A Mercy () Home ()God Help the Child ()第4页The Bluest Eye (1970)It is Morrisons first novel and was written

4、 while she was teaching at Howard University and raising her two sons on her own.The story is about a year in the life of a young black girl named Pecola who develops an inferiority complex due to her eye color and skin appearance. 第5页It takes place against the backdrop of Americas Midwest as well a

5、s in the years following the Great Depression. The Bluest Eye is told from the perspective of Claudia MacTeer as a child and an adult, as well as from a third person omniscient viewpoint. Because of the controversial nature of the book, which deals with racism, incest, and child molestation, there h

6、ave been numerous attempts to ban it from schools and libraries.第6页Claudia and Frieda MacTeer live in Ohio with their parents. The MacTeer family takes two other people into their home, Mr. Henry and Pecola. Pecola is a troubled young girl with a hard life. Her parents are constantly fighting, both

7、physically and verbally. Pecola is continually being told and reminded of what an “ugly” girl she is, thus fueling her desire to be a girl with blue eyes. Throughout the novel it is revealed that not only has Pecola had a life full of hatred and hardships, but her parents have as well.第7页Pecolas mot

8、her, Pauline only feels alive and happy when she is working for a rich white family. Her father, Cholly, is a drunk who was left with his aunt when he was young and ran away to find his father, who wanted nothing to do with him.Both Pauline and Cholly eventually lost the love they once had for one a

9、nother. While Pecola is doing dishes, her father rapes her. His motives are unclear and confusing, seemingly a combination of both love and hate第8页Cholly flees after the second time he rapes Pecola, leaving her pregnant.In the end Pecolas child is born prematurely and dies. Claudia and Frieda give u

10、p the money they had been saving and plant flower seeds in hopes that if the flowers bloom, Pecolas baby will live; the marigolds never bloom.The title The Bluest Eye is based on Pecolas fervent wishes for beautiful blue eyes. Her insanity at the end of the novel is her only way to escape the world

11、where she cannot be beautiful and to get the blue eyes she desires from the beginning of the novel. 第9页Song of Solomon (1977)This book won the National Books Critics Award, was chosen for Oprah Winfreys popular book club, and was cited by the Swedish Academy in awarding Morrison the 1993 Nobel Prize

12、 in literature.In 1998, the Radcliffe Publishing Course named it the 25th best English-language novel of the 20th century.第10页It follows the life of Macon Milkman Dead III, an African-American male living in Michigan, from birth to adulthood.Born in Michigan in 1931 by miraculous means, Milkman is a

13、 gifted child until he learns at the age of four that humans cannot fly. Changed by this revelation, he grows up a spoiled, self-centered child. Torn between the magical, spiritual world of his fathers sister, Pilate, and that of his greedy property-owning father Macon Dead, Milkman follows in the f

14、ootsteps of his father and becomes Macons assistant. Burdened by his parents unspeakable confidences and troubled by his loveless household, he seeks solace at his Aunt Pilates and by spending time with his best friend, Guitar Bains. 第11页Living a spoiled, infantile existence until the age of 31, Mil

15、kmans sole reason for being is to seek pleasure. After a 14-year relationship with Pilates granddaughter, Hagar,Milkman decides to end it.Hagar repeatedly tries to kill him. Guitar further complicates Milkmans life when he confesses to Milkman that he is a member of a radical organization, theSeven

16、Days, that avenges the deaths of innocent blacks by randomly killing whites. Lacking a social consciousness and fed up with the seriousness of life, Milkman decides he needs to separate himself from his oppressive world by traveling. When Macon suggests that Milkman steal a sack of gold from Pilates

17、 house, Milkman sees the gold as a way to finance his trip and finally be independent. 第12页Macon tells Milkman that the gold is discovered from a cave where he and Pilate lived in the cave for several days after their father was murdered by a white family who wanted the Dead property. Pilate argued

18、it was morally wrong to keep it. But Macon believes Pilate went back to the cave to retrieve the gold. Without expressing any concern for the morality of his actions, Milkman agrees to steal the gold with the help of Guitar, who wants the money to finance his organization. 第13页After stealing the sac

19、k, they discovered there is no gold, only the bones of the white man Macon killed in the cave, the bones that the ghost of Macon Dead I told Pilate to go back and retrieve because “You just cant fly on off and leave a body.” Macon suggests that the gold must still be in the cave and Milkman agrees t

20、o search the cave for the gold. Later he concludes that the bones in Pilates sack must be those of Pilates father. 第14页Less interested in his family history then in finding the gold, Milkman proceeds to the birthplace of his paternal grandparents. In the all-black town, he finds the men hostile towa

21、rd his urban mannersMilkman reflects on his mistreatment of his family, and of Pilate and Hagar, and develops a social consciousness. While in the woods, Guitar, who believes Milkman has kept the gold for himself, unsuccessfully tries to kill Milkman. 第15页No longer interested in gold, Milkman resolv

22、es to search for his family name and history. Ultimately, Milkman realizes the Solomon that the children sing in their song is Milkmans paternal great-grandfather, he returns home to Michigan to share the information with his family. Upon Milkmans arrival, he discovers that Hagar has killed herself.

23、 Remorseful, and taking responsibility for something for the first time in his life, Milkman takes a grieving Pilate to bury her fathers bones at Solomons Leap, near his birthplace.After the burial, Guitar appears, and in the darkness accidently shoots Pilate dead. As Milkman makes out Guitars figur

24、e on a distant rock, he leaps from the cliff he is standing on and flies into the air toward Guitars arms.第16页Beloved (1987)Pulitzer Prize for Fiction1988 National Book Award 1987The New York Times: the best work of American fiction from 1981 to Time Magazine: TIME 100 Best English-language Novels f

25、rom 1923 to 第17页Set after the American Civil War, it is inspired by the story of an African-American slave, Margaret Garner, who temporarily escaped slavery during 1856 in Kentucky by fleeing to Ohio, a free state. A posse arrived to retrieve her and her children under the Fugitive Slave Act of 1850

26、, which gave slave owners the right to pursue slaves across state borders. Margaret killed her two-year-old daughter rather than allow her to be recaptured.第18页Belovedsmain character, Sethe, /s/ kills her daughter and tries to kill her other three children when a posse arrives in Ohio to return them

27、 to Sweet Home, the Kentucky plantation from which Sethe recently fled. A woman presumed to be her daughter, called Beloved, returns years later to haunt Sethes home. The books dedication reads Sixty Million and more, dedicated to the Africans and their descendants who died as a result of the Atlant

28、ic slave trade.第19页Shirley Temple (1928-)an American film and television actress, singer, dancer and public servant, most famous as Hollywoods number one box-office star from 1935 through 1938. As an adult, she entered politics and became a diplomat, serving as United States Ambassador to Ghana and

29、later to Czechoslovakia(捷克), and as Chief of Protocol of the United States.第20页Temple began her film career in 1932 at the age of three. In 1934, she founded international fame inBright Eyes, a feature film designed specifically for her talents. She received a specialJuvenile Academy Awardin 1935 fo

30、r her outstanding contribution as a juvenile performer to motion pictures during 1934, and film hits such asCurly TopandHeidifollowed year after year during the mid-to-late 1930s. Licensed merchandise that capitalized on her wholesome image included dolls, dishes and clothing. She retired completely

31、 from films in 1950 at the age of 22. She was the top box-office draw in Hollywood for four years in a row (193538) in aMotion Picture Heraldpoll. 第21页Section APost-reading Questions:1. Name the events the African Americans experienced leading to the inauguration of Barack Obama as the President of

32、USA?2. Name some events in American history setback the progress of the African Americans?3. Name the stylist characteristics of this essay?第22页Barack Obama (1961- )第23页Born Barack Hussein Obama II August 4, 1961 Honolulu, HawaiiPolitical party DemocraticSpouseMichelle Robinson (m. 1992present)Child

33、renMalia Obama (daughter), Sasha Obama (daughter)ReligionChristianitySignatureWebsite第24页Obama is a graduate ofColumbia UniversityandHarvard Law School, where he served as president of theHarvard Law Review. He was acommunity organizerin Chicago before earning hislaw degree. He worked as acivil righ

34、tsattorney and taughtconstitutional lawat theUniversity of Chicago Law Schoolfrom 1992 to . Heserved three terms representing the 13th District in theIllinois Senatefrom 1997 to ,running unsuccessfullyfor theUnited States House of Representativesin . 第25页第26页13th amendment to US Constitutionwas rati

35、fied on December 18, 1865 during Reconstruction. abolished slavery and involuntary servitude, except as punishment for a crime. Along with the 14th amendment and the 15th amendment, it is one of the three Reconstruction amendments.第27页Jack Johnson (18781946) American boxerthe first African American

36、world heavyweight boxing champion (19081915)During his boxing career, Jack Johnson fought 114 fights, winning 80 matches, 45 by knockoutsAli often spoke of how he was influenced by Jack Johnson. In , scholar Molefi Kete Asante listed Jack Johnson on his list of 100 Greatest African Americans.第28页Lin

37、coln Memorial第29页an American national monument built to honor the 16th President of the United States, Abraham Lincoln.is located on the western end of the National Mall in Washington, D.C., across from the Washington Monument.Dedicated in 1922, it is one of several monuments built to honor an Ameri

38、can president. It has always been a major tourist attraction and since the 1930s has been a symbolic center focused on race relations.The memorial has been the site of many famous speeches, including Martin Luther Kings I Have a Dream speech, delivered on August 28, 1963Approximately 6 million peopl

39、e visit the memorial annually. 第30页Ku Klux Klanor simply the Klan, is the name of three distinct movements in the United States. The first began violence against African Americans in the South during the Reconstruction Era of the 1860s, and was disbanded by 1869.The second was a very large, controve

40、rsial, nationwide organization in the 1920s. The third KKK emerged after 1950 and was associated with opposing the Civil Rights Movement and progress among minorities.第31页The second and third incarnations of the Ku Klux Klan made frequent reference to the Americas Anglo-Saxon bloodThey have all emph

41、asized racism, secrecy and distinctive costumes. All have called for purification of American society, and all are considered part of right-wing extremism.Though most members of the KKK saw themselves as holding to American values and Christian morality, virtually every Christian denomination offici

42、ally denounced the Ku Klux Klan.第32页John McCain (1936- )senior United States Senator from Arizona.the Republican presidential nominee in the United States presidential electionMcCain followed his father and grandfather, both four-star admirals, into the United States Navy, graduating from the U.S. N

43、aval Academy in 1958. was a naval aviatorFought in Vietnam War, captured in 1967 and was a prisoner of war until 1973第33页Section B Martin Luther King, Jr. (1929-1968)第34页American Baptist minister, activist, humanitarian, and leader in the African-American Civil Rights Movement. He is best known for

44、his role in the advancement of civil rights using nonviolent civil disobedience based on his Christian beliefs.1964, King received the Nobel Peace Prize for combating racial inequality through nonviolence.In the final years of his life, King expanded his focus to include poverty and speak against th

45、e Vietnam WarIn 1968, King was planning a national occupation of Washington, D.C., to be called the Poor Peoples Campaign, when he was assassinated on April 4 in Memphis, Tennessee.第35页King was posthumously awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom and the Congressional Gold Medal. Martin Luther Kin

46、g Jr. Day was established as a holiday in numerous cities and states beginning in 1971, and as a U.S. federal holiday in 1986. Hundreds of streets in the U.S. have been renamed in his honor, and a county in Washington State was also renamed for him. The Martin Luther King Memorial statue on the National Mall in Washington, D.C. was dedicated in .第36页Michael Jordan (1963- )He played 15 seasons in the Na