高考英语课件 语篇精读课（二）完形填空之记叙文

1、 专题二 记叙文体完形填空 文体特点 1.记叙文一般都有较为完整的六个要素， 即时 间，地点，人物，事件（经过），原因，结果。 2. 记叙文叙事方式有所不同，有的记叙文按照时间顺 序叙述，最后点破故事的结局，有的记叙文采取倒叙的手法，先点明故事的结局和影响，然后再叙述故事的 发生和发展。 3.记叙文往往有较强的故事趣味性，有情节跌宕起伏和情感细腻变化等特点，信息量很大。作者在叙述过程中往往会融入人物的语言、行为、心理的描写，这在一定程度上增加了考生理解文章的难度。 方法点拨 1. 理清文章的结构形式 为了叙述方便，作者通常会按时间先后顺序或空间顺序等方式来安排情节和内容。2. 明确作者的写作目

2、的 就事论事一般不是记叙的目的，作者的目的是通过叙述事情阐明一个道理，因此作为读者我们必须考虑到这一点。只有弄清楚作者的写作目的，才能更加准确地抓住文章的主题。4.弄清文章是以第几人称的视角展开记叙的 通常英语记叙文会以两个视角即第一人称和第三人称展开记叙。用第一人称就是从“参与者”的角度进行记叙，读者可从字里行间感受到作者亲切的态度和深厚的感情。用第三人称就是以“观察者”的身份展开叙述，作者的语气客观，与读者保持着一定的距离，读者的注意力更多集中在故事本身，了解了作者的写作角度有助于我们走进作者的思维，深入理解文章的意义。3. 知晓文章所记叙的几大要素。 人物、事件、时间、地点、原因和结果等

3、要素是记叙文的基本组成部分，一般不能缺少。弄清了这六个要素，基本上就理解了整篇文章。 Whenever we hear about “the homeless”, most of us think of the Developing world. But the 36 is that homelessness is everywhere. For example, how many of us would expect to see people living on the streets of a 37 country like Germany?Kurt Muller and his wif

4、e Rita have spent eleven years making 38 for the homeless of Berlin, Germanys capital. 由高考题说起2012山东高考36. A. result B. truth C. reason D. idea37. A. traditional B. developing C. typical D. wealthy38. A. preparations B. houses C. meals D. suggestions They first 39 one long hot summer when most Germans

5、 were 40 on holiday. Kurt and his wife stayed at home, made sandwiches, 41 a table in the street and gave food to the homeless. The Mullers soon realized that food and clothing werent 42 . “What these people also need is warmth and 43 ,” says Rita. The Mullers didnt 44 to give their phone number to

6、the street people and told them to phone anytime. 39. A. began B. met C. called D. left 40. A. asleep B. alone C. across D. away41. A. brought up B. set up C. put aside D. gave away C. helpful D. expensive 43. A. fame B. freedom C. courage D. caring 44. A. hesitate B. agree C. pretend D. intend45. A

7、. make sense B. found out C. make sure D. worked out 46. A. open B. crowded C. noisy D. near47. A. costing B. wasting C. taking D. spending48. A. pay for B. ask for C. look into D. carry outRita 45 there was somebody at home to answer the phone and their home was always 46 to anyone who couldnt face

8、 another night on the street. The couple were soon 47 all their time and money, so Kurt visited food and clothing companies to 48 donations. Today, over thirty companies 49 donate food and other goods to the cause and volunteers help to 50 them to the homeless. The public also give clothes and money

9、 and a shoe producer 51 new shoes. Kurt and Rita receive no 52 for their hard work. “ We feel like parents,” says Rita, “and 49. A. completely B. calmly C. regularly D. roughly 50. A. advertise B. sell C. deliver D. lend 51. A.donates B.produces C. designs D. collects 52. A. permission B. payment C.

10、 direction D. supportparents shouldnt 53 money for helping their children. The love we get on the streets is our salary.” Though Rita admits she often gets 54 . She says she will continue with her work because she likes the feeling of having made a 55 in the world. 53. A. borrow B. raise C. save D.

11、expect 54. A. surprised B. excited C. tired D. amused 55. A. profit B. difference C. decision D. rule读懂文章是解题的关键(如何读) 1速读文章，了解文章大意 Whats the passage mainly about?The passage mainly tells us that a Germany couple try their best to help the homeless of Berlin. They give food as well as love and caring

12、to the homeless. Through their efforts, many companies and volunteers join them. 2精读文章，理清细枝末节(完成下面框图) 时间地点人物事件eleven yearsBerlinKurt Muller and his wifeHelping the homelessMaking meals for the poorGiving them warmth and caring Many companies and volunteers join them 解题导语：这是一篇记叙文。当我们谈到“无家可归”时，我们就想到了发

13、展中国家，但是，就像德国这么发达的国家，在大街上也随处看到无家可归的人。一对有爱心的德国夫妇舍弃了外出度假的时光，为那些无家可归的人做饭，提供住宿。后来，花完了自己的积蓄，他们还向公司求助，让更多的人们关注那些无家可归的人。让这个世界多一份关爱，少一份痛苦。答案解析考向归位：考查名词词义辨析及上下文语义理解。技巧应用：代入法。根据前后语境可推知事实是无家可归的 到处都有， But 是关键提示语。 Whenever we hear about “the homeless”, most of us think of the Developing world. But the 36 is that

14、homelessness is everywhere.36. A. result B. truth C. reason D. idea解析：result结果；truth事实；reason原因；idea想法，主意。 but表转折，句型the truth is that意为“事实上”。句意：每当我们听到无家可归这个词，我们大多数人就会想 到发展中国家。但事实是无家可归的到处都有。答案：B考向归位：考查形容词词义辨析及上下文语义理解。技巧应用：代入法和逻辑关系。根据上文和常识可知，“一个像 德国这么富有的国家”，与前文的for example和后面 的like Germany一致。 For exam

15、ple, how many of us would expect to see people living on the streets of a 37 country like Germany?37. A.traditional B. developing C. typical D. wealthy解析：此处traditional传统的；developing发展中的； typical典型的；wealthy富裕的。我们有多少人想看到 一个像德国这么富有的国家也有人住在大街上。答案：D考向归位：考查上下文语义理解。技巧应用：近义词照应法。下文出现sandwiches， food等词 汇，因此可以

16、利用近义词照应法。 Kurt Muller and his wife Rita have spent eleven years making 38 for the homeless of Berlin, Germanys capital.38. A. preparations B. houses C. meals 解析：根据后文made sandwiches and gave food to the homeless. 可知：他们在为无家可归者做饭。答案：C 考向归位：考查动词词义辨析及上下文语义理解。技巧应用：代入法。根据上句提到他们为无家可归者提供食 物有十一年了，所以此处应该表达何时开始

17、，且此 处first也是提示。They first 39 one long hot summer when most Germans were 40 on holiday.39. A. began B. met C. called D. left解析：此处met遇到；left离开；called打 ；叫；began开 始。他们从一个漫长而炎热的夏天开始的。答案：A 考向归位：考查上下文语义理解。技巧应用：反义词对照法和逻辑关系。根据后面的Kurt and his wife stayed at home，此处是作一对比，且后面的on holiday 也是提示。 They first 39 one

18、long hot summer when most Germans were 40 on holiday.40. A. asleep B. alone C. across D. away解析：此处asleep睡着的；alone独自的；across穿过；away 离开，远去。他们从一个漫长而炎热的夏天开始，而此 时大多数德国人都外出度假了。答案：D考向归位：考查动词短语词义辨析及上下文语义理解。 技巧应用：搭配照应法。根据空格后a table和整个句子的意思 可知，此处表示“支起桌子”供人们吃饭。故用set up。Kurt and his wife stayed at home, made sa

19、ndwiches, 41 a table in the street and gave food to the homeless. 41. A. brought up B. set up C. put aside D. gave away解析：此处set up安装；布置；临时搭起； put aside储存；撇 开；bring up提出；抚养；gave away无偿赠送；暴露。 Kurt和他的妻子呆在家里做三明治，他们在街上布置好 桌子，给无家可归者提供食物。答案：B 考向归位：考查形容词词义辨析及上下文语义的理解。 技巧应用：代入法和逻辑关系。此处与空格后“What these people

20、also need is”前后照应，因此可推知只有食物和衣服并不够 。 The Mullers soon realized that food and clothing werent 42 .42. A. enough B. necessary C. helpful D. expensive解析：此处enough足够的；necessary必须的；helpful有帮助的； expensive昂贵的。根据空格后“What these people also need is” 可知“穆勒夫妇意识到只 有食物和衣服并不够”。答案： A考向归位：考查名词词义辨析及及上下文语义理解。 技巧应用：逻辑关系和

21、搭配照应法。承接上句，由语境可知此 处所选词应与warmth并列，前后照应，因此用caring ，“温暖和关怀”。 “What these people also need is warmth and 43 ,” says Rita.43. A. fame B. freedom C. courage D. caring解析：承接上句而来，fame是“名誉；名声”；freedom是“自 由”；courage是“勇气”，句意为：他们也需要温暖和关 怀。名词caring意为“关心；关怀”，符合句意。答案：D 考向归位：考查动词词义辨析及上下文语义的理解。技巧应用：代入法和搭配照应法。根据空格前面有d

22、idnt，构 成didnt hesitate to，表示“很愿意；毫不犹豫地”之意，再根据后文told them to phone anytime, 可知穆勒夫妇很愿意把 号码给那些街上需要帮助的人。 The Mullers didnt 44 to give their phone number to the street people and told them to phone anytime.44. A. hesitate B. agree C. pretend D. intend解析：此处hesitate犹豫； agree同意；pretend假装；intend 打算，想要。句意为穆勒夫

23、妇毫不犹豫地把 号码给 那些街上的人，并告诉他们随时给他打 。；选项B 和D的意义与后文矛盾；pretend是“假装”之意，不符合 句意。答案：A 考向归位：考查动词短语词义辨析及上下文语义的理解。 技巧应用：代入法和逻辑关系。承接上句而来，前后照应，前 面说到穆勒夫妇把 号码给街上的人，因此此处应是：Rita 确定家里有人随时接 。 Rita 45 there was somebody at home to answer the phone and their home was always 46 to anyone who couldnt face another night on the

24、 street. 45. A. make sense B. found out C. make sure D. worked out解析：make sense意为“有道理”；find out是“找出；查明”； work out是“算出；制定”， make sure意为“确定”，根 据语境Rita确定家里有人随时接 。答案：C 考向归位：考查形容词词义辨析及上下文语义的理解。 技巧应用：搭配照应法。be open to意为“对某人是敞开的； 对开放”。根据上下文语境也可推知。 Rita 45 there was somebody at home to answer the phone and t

25、heir home was always 46 to anyone who couldnt face another night on the street. 46. A. open B. crowded C. noisy D. near解析：此处open开放的；crowded拥挤的；noisy嘈杂的； near附近的。根据上下文可知穆勒夫妇也把家提供给那 些无家可归的人投宿。答案：A 考向归位：考查动词词义辨析及上下文语义的理解。 技巧应用：搭配照应法。根据空格后面的their time and money, 可知应用spend，表示花费金钱和时间。 The couple were soon

26、 47 all their time and money, so Kurt visited food and clothing companies to 48 donations.47. A. costing B. wasting C. taking D. spending解析：此处用动词过去进行时表示过去将要发生的动作。表示 穆勒夫妇马上就要花完他们的时间和金钱了。选项中， waste的词意不符合句意；cost意为“花费”，但主语不 能是sb；take也可表示“花费”，但其主语一般是sth.或 形式主语it。根据空格后面的their time and money, 可 知应用spend。答案

27、：D 考向归位：考查动词短语词义辨析及上下文语义的理解。 技巧应用：代入法和逻辑关系。承接上句，根据上文提到花光钱所以去食品公司和服装公司寻求捐助。 The couple were soon 47 all their time and money, so Kurt visited food and clothing companies to 48 donations.48. A. pay for B. ask for C. look into D. carry out解析：动词短语ask for意为“请求”，pay for是“支付”；look into是“调查”； carry out意为“贯彻

28、；执行”，都不符合 句意。答案：B考向归位：考查副词词义辨析。 技巧应用：代入法。把其他三项代入文章，都不符合语境且句 意不通顺。 Today, over thirty companies 49 donate food and other goods to the cause and volunteers help to 50 them to the homeless.49. A. completely B. calmly C. regularly D. roughly解析：此处completely完全地；完整地；calmly平静地；镇定 地； regularly经常性的，定期的；roughl

29、y粗略地；粗 暴地。根据上下文可知，现在三十多家公司定期地为他 们的事业捐赠食品和其他物品。只有regularly符合语境。答案：C 考向归位：考查动词词义辨析及对上下文语义的理解。 技巧应用：代入法。承接上句，且根据该句volunteers help to 50 them to the homeless.只有 deliver 符合语境。 Today, over thirty companies 49 donate food and other goods to the cause and volunteers help to 50 them to the homeless.50. A. ad

30、vertise B. sell C. deliver D. lend 解析：advertise是“作广告”；lend是“借”；sell是“卖”， deliver意为“传送；递送”，句意为：志愿者帮助向无家 可归者分发这些食品物品。答案：C考向归位：考查动词词义辨析及学生对上下文语义的理解。 技巧应用：原词复现照应法。上文多次提到donate， donations，可以利用上下文的同一词复现照应法。 The public also give clothes and money and a shoe producer 51 new shoes. 51. A. donate B. produces

31、C. designs D. collects 解析：根据语境此处表达的应该是：公众也给衣服和钱，而且 一家制鞋商捐赠新鞋。动词donate意为“捐赠”，符合句 意；其他选项中，produce是“生产”；design是“设 计”；collect意为“收集”，都不符合句意。答案：A 考向归位：考查名词词义辨析及学生对上下文语义的理解。 技巧应用：近义词照应法。下文提到不该要钱，且 The love we get on the streets is our salary， salary与payment也相 互对应。 Kurt and Rita receive no 52 for their hard work.52. A. permission B. payment C. direction D. support解析：此处permission允许；许可； payment报酬；付款； direction方向；support支持。根据下文可知