2022年天津市和平区部分校高一下学期期末练习英语试题

1、天津市和平区部分校2021-2022学年高一下学期期末练习英语试题第一卷 选择题(共75分)第二部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节 单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。例：We feel _ our duty to make our country a better place.A.it B. this C. that D. one答案是A。1. Shall we go out for a walk or go to the movie?_ They are both good ideas.A. Thats all

2、 right.B. It makes no difference to me.C. Yes, I like them very much.D. Id prefer the former.【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查交际用语。句意：我们是出去散步还是去看电影？对我来说没什么区别。它们都是好主意。A. Thats all right.没关系。B. It makes no difference to me.这对我来说没什么区别。C. Yes, I like them very much.是的，我非常喜欢。D. Id prefer the former.我更喜欢前者。由“They are both

3、good ideas.”可知，句子表示“对我来说没什么区别”，故选B。2. Peter, may I use your bicycle now?Sorry, it is not _ at the moment. It is being repaired.A. idealB. adjustableC. availableD. ultimate【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：彼得，我现在能用下你的自行车吗？对不起，现在用不了，车正在修理。A. ideal理想的；B. adjustable可调整的；C. available可用的；D. ultimate最后的。根据后文“It is

4、 being repaired.”可知车现在用不了，故选C。3. The driver _ on the phone when the car hit the tree.A. talksB. is talkingC. talkedD. was talking【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查时态。句意：汽车撞到树上时，司机正在打电话。根据下文“when the car hit the tree”可知，车撞到树上时，司机正在打电话。所以使用句型sb was/were doing when (某人正在做某事这时)，即空处要使用过去进行时。故选D。4. The doctor will _ your we

5、ight and then set up a reasonable exercise method for you.A. take into accountB. contribute toC. depend onD. break down【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：医生会考虑你的体重，然后为自己设定合理的锻炼方法。A. take into account考虑到；B. contribute to促进，导致；C. depend on依靠；D. break down出故障，（人）身体垮掉。医生通过考虑人的体重因素，从而设定一个合理的锻炼方法，因此选择take into acco

6、unt正确。故选A项。5. “Thank you so much for coming to my aid,” said Polly in _.A. reliefB. generalC. silenceD. total【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查介词短语。句意：波莉如释重负地说：“非常感谢你来帮助我，”。A. (in) relief如释重负；B. (in) general通常；C. (in) silence安静地；D. (in) total一共。根据句意和句中“coming to my aid”可知，波莉等到了援助，所以如释重负。故选A项。6. Mr. Zhang has retired,

7、but he still remembers the happy time_ with his students.A. to spendB. spendC. spendingD. spent【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：张先生已经退休了，但是他仍然记得和学生们一起度过的快乐时光。A.to spend度过，为to do不定式；B.spend度过，为动词原形；C.spending度过，为现在分词形式；D.spent度过，为过去分词形式。判断happy time和spend的逻辑关系，二者属于动宾关系，表被动，在非谓语中，过去分词表被动。故选D项。7. Bob has never

8、_ and we all have to work harder to make up for his laziness.A. let off steamB. taken a breathC. pulled his weightD. settled down【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：鲍勃从来没有完成自己的那份工作，我们所有人都必须加倍努力以弥补他的懒惰。A. let off steam发泄怒火，宣泄情感；B. taken a breath吸气；C. pulled his weight完成他自己的工作；D. settled down定居，安家，平静下来。结合句意的需要及短

9、语的意思可知，使用习惯用语pulled ones (own) weight：完成自己的那份工作，即C项pulled his weight正确。故选C项。8. The location is _ poor, viewed from a sanitation (卫生) point, so Julia had to devote her time to finding a suitable location for a new school.A. extensivelyB. vividlyC. exceptionallyD. exactly【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：从卫生角度

10、来看，这个位置非常差，所以茱莉亚不得不花时间找一个合适的位置来建一所新学校。A. extensively广泛地；B. vividly生动地；C. exceptionally极其，非常；D. exactly确切地。由“so Julia had to devote her time to finding a suitable location for a new school”可知，句子表示“从卫生角度来看，这个位置非常差”，空格处意为“非常”，故选C。9. The news reporter hurried to the airport, only_ the film stars had lef

11、t .A. to tellB. to be toldC. tellingD. told【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词作结果状语。句意：新闻记者急忙赶到机场，却被告知电影明星已经离开了。doing表自然而然的结果；to do表示出人意料的结果，经常和only连用；排除C,D；且主语The news reporters和tell是动宾关系，所以要用不定式的被动形式。故选B。10. The famous musician, as well as his students, _ to perform at the opening ceremony of the Flower Expo las

12、t year.A. were invitedB. was invitedC. have been invitedD. has been invited【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：去年，不但他的学生,连那位著名的音乐家也应邀在花卉博览会的开幕式上表演。分析句子可知，as well as连接的并列名词作句子的主语时，谓语动词要和as well as前面的主语在人称和单复数上保持一致，因此invite要和The famous musician在人称和单复数上保持一致，The famous musician是单数形式。再根据句中的last year可知，时态为一般过去时，结合句

13、意不但他的学生,连那位著名的音乐家是被邀请去表演的，所以invite应用一般过去时的被动态结构且用单数形式。故选B项。11. _ I agree with you, I dont think your solution is the best.A. IfB. SinceC. WhileD. As【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：虽然我同意你的意见，但我不认为你的解决方案是最好的。A. If如果；B. Since自从；C. While虽然；D. As当的时候。由“I agree with you, I dont think your solution is the best”可知

14、，句子表示“虽然我同意你的意见，但我不认为你的解决方案是最好的”，空格处意为“虽然”，用while，引导让步状语从句，故选C。12. Although many measures _ the worlds economy is still going down.A. were takenB. are takenC. will be takenD. have been taken【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：尽管很多措施已经被采取，世界经济仍然在下滑。根据主句“the worlds economy is still going down（世界经济仍旧在下滑）”可以知道，Al

15、though引导的从句应该表示很多措施已经被采用，表示过去发生的事情对现在造成的影响和结果，用现在完成时，且主语measures和take是动宾关系，所以用现在完成时态的被动语态。故选D。13. Angela Merkel started a non profit program _ classroom activities, field trips and community projects _ budding (崭露头角的) scientists.A. offering; to inspireB. offering; inspiringC. to offer; to inspireD.

16、to offer; inspiring【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：Angela Merkel开始创办公益项目，提供室内活动，实地旅行以及社区项目来激发这些未来的科学家们。分析句子可知，started是谓语，空处1与started之间无连词连接，故空处1用动词非谓语形式，由语意可知，空处1应填动词offer的现在分词形式作后置定语修饰program，应填offering。而空处2同样也是要用动词的非谓语形式，结合语意可知，空处2考查的是动词不定式做目的状语，说明Angela Merkel创办公益项目的目的，应填to inspire。故选A项。14. Our school ho

17、lds seminars for students at regular intervals _ the potential of their future is explored.A. whenB. whereC. thatD. who【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我们学校定期为学生举办研讨会，发掘他们未来的潜力。此处为定语从句修饰先行词 seminars，先行词在从句中作地点状语，故用where引导。故选B。15. Larry did you watch the women football match between China and Korea yesterday?

18、Of course, its amazing. I was _ the whole game.A. down to the wireB. hot under the collarC. neck and neckD. on the edge of my seat【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查习语（情景交际）。句意：拉里，你昨天看中国对韩国的女子足球比赛了吗?当然，太精彩了。整场比赛我都处于紧张的状态。A. down to the wire最后关头；B. hot under the collar怒气冲天；C. neck and neck不分上下；D. on the edge of my seat高

19、度紧张。根据答语中“amazing”可推知，说话人认为比赛很精彩，所以整个比赛过程中都很紧张。故选D项。第二节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，掌握大意，然后从1635各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。Every year about 40, 000 people attempt to climb Kilimanjaro, the highest mountain in Africa. They _16_ with them lots of waste. The _17_ might damage the beauty of the place. T

20、he glaciers (冰川) are disappearing, changing the face of Kilimanjaro.Hearing these stories, Im skeptical about the placeother destinations are described as “purer” natural experience.However, I soon _18_ that much has changed since the days of disturbing reports of _19_ among tons of rubbish. I find

21、a _20_ mountain, with toilets at camps and along the paths. The environmental challenges are _21_ but the efforts made by the Tanzania National Park Authority seem to be _22_.The best of a Kilimanjaro _23_, in my opinion, isnt reaching the top. Mountains are _24_ as spiritual places by in any cultur

22、es. This _25_ is especially evident on Kilimanjaro as _26_ go through five ecosystems (生态系统) in the space of a few kilometers. At the base is a rainforest. It ends abruptly at 3, 000 meters, giving way to lands of low growing plants. Further up, the weather _27_ low clouds envelop the mountainsides,

23、 which are covered with thick grass. I _28_ twelve shades of green from where I stand. Above 4,000 meters is the highland desert: gravel (砾石), stones and rocks. _29_ you climb into an arctic-like zone with permanent snow and the glaciers that may soon disappear.Does Kilimanjaro _30_ its reputation a

24、s a crowded mountain with lines of tourists ruining the atmosphere of peace? I found the opposite to be true.16. A. keepB. mixC. connectD. bring17. A. storiesB. buildingsC. crowdsD. reporters18. A. discoverB. argueC. decideD. advocate19. A. equipmentB. grassC. campsD. stones20. A. remoteB. quietC. t

25、allD. clean21. A. newB. specialC. significantD. necessary22. A. paying offB. spreading outC. blowing upD. fading away23. A. atmosphereB. experienceC. experimentD. sight24. A. studiedB. observedC. exploredD. regarded25. A. viewB. qualityC. reasonD. purpose26. A. scientistsB. climbersC. localsD. offic

26、ials27. A. changesB. clearsC. improvesD. permits28. A. matchB. imagineC. countD. add29. A. ObviouslyB. EasilyC. ConsequentlyD. Eventually30. A. enjoyB. deserveC. saveD. acquire【答案】16. D 17. C 18. A 19. C 20. D 21. C 22. A 23. B 24. D 25. A 26. B 27. A 28. C 29. D 30. B【解析】【导语】本文是记叙文。讲述了作者听说乞力马扎罗山被众多

27、的游客破坏得面目全非了，对此将信将疑，于是亲自登山体验，却看到了全然相反的景象。【16题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们会带来很多的垃圾。A. keep保持；B. mix混合；C. connect连接；D. bring带来。由“lots of waste”可知，登山者带来了很多的垃圾。故选D。【17题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：人群可能会损害这个地方的美好。A. stories故事；B. buildings建筑；C. crowds人群；D. reporters记者。这里与前文“Every year about 40, 000 people attempt to climb Kilimanj

28、aro (乞力马扎罗山), the highest mountain in Africa.”中的40000 people对应，指大量前来登山的人，空格处意为“人群”，故选C。【18题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，我很快发现，自从那些关于营地被成吨的垃圾所围绕的令人不安的报道发布以来，情况已经发生了很大的变化。A. discover发现；B. argue争辩；C. decide决定；D. advocate提倡。从下文的“much has changed since the days of disturbing reports of _4_ among tons of rubbish”和“I

29、 find”可知，作者亲眼目睹了环境的改造情况，也就是发现了改变。故选A。【19题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，我很快发现，自从那些令人不安的关于在成堆的垃圾中露营地的报道以来，情况已经发生了很大的变化。A. equipment器材，设备；B. grass草地；C. camps营地；D. stones石头。由下文“at camps”可知，这里描述的垃圾堆积的情况应该是出现在营地附近。故选C。【20题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我发现了一座干净的山，营地和沿途都有厕所。A. remote遥远的；B. quiet安静的；C. tall高的；D. clean干净的。上文“However,

30、I soon _3_ that much has changed since the days of disturbing reports of _4_ among tons of rubbish”提到这里有了很大的改变，再根据空后的“with toilets at camps and along the paths”可知，作者发现了一座山峰是比较干净的。故选D。【21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：环境方面的挑战很严峻，但坦桑尼亚国家公园官方的努力似乎颇有成效。A. new崭新的；B. special特别的；C. significant重大的，显著的；D. necessary必要的。这里所

31、指的挑战，也就是之前山上垃圾堆积的情况，是比较重大的，也与空后“but the efforts made by the Tanzania National Park Authority seem to be _7_”表述的坦桑尼亚国家公园官方有效果的努力形成转折，故选C。【22题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：环境方面的挑战很严峻，但坦桑尼亚国家公园官方的努力似乎颇有成效。A. paying off取得成功；B. spreading out传播，扩展；C. blowing up爆炸；D. fading away逐渐消失。由“but”可知，前后表示转折关系，说明坦桑尼亚国家公园管理局所做的努力似乎

32、正在得到回报。故选A。【23题详解】考查名词辨析。句意：在我看来，来乞力马扎罗最好的经历并不是到达顶峰。A. atmosphere氛围；B. experience经历；C. experiment实验；D. sight视力。由第一段的“climb Kilimanjaro”可知，人们去登山就是人生的一种经历。故选B。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：山脉在很多文化中被视为有着精神寄托的地方。A. studied研究；B. observed观察；C. explored探索；D. regarded认为。结合常识和“as spiritual places by many cultures.”可知，在

33、很多文化中山脉都被看作是有精神寄托的地方。be regarded as表示“被视为，被当作”。故选D。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在乞力马扎罗，当登山者在几公里的空间里穿越五个生态系统时，景色差异尤为明显。A. view景色；B. quality质量；C. reason原因；D. purpose目的。由后文的“go through five ecosystems (生态系统) in the space of a few kilometers”可知，有五个生态系统，所以景色也是明显的不同。故选A。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这种情况在乞力马扎罗山特别明显，因为登山者们在几千米

34、的路上要经过五个生态系统。A. scientists科学家；B. climbers登山者；C. locals当地人；D. officials官员。上文“Every year about 40, 000 people attempt to climb Kilimanjaro (乞力马扎罗山), the highest mountain in Africa.”提到很多人都试图攀登乞力马扎罗山，所以此处应该表示“登山者”，故选B。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：再往上走，天气变了低云笼罩着被厚厚的草覆盖的山腰。A. changes改变；B. clears清理；C. improves提高；D.

35、permits允许。由“low clouds”可知，海拔变了，天气也是不同的，是变化的。故选A。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我从我站的地方开始，数了十二种绿色。A. match匹配；B. imagine想象；C. count计数；D. add增加。根据“twelve shades of green”推知，作者数了十二种绿色。故选C。【29题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：最后，你爬到一个类似北极的地带，那里有永久性的积雪和可能很快消失的冰川。A. Obviously显然；B. Easily容易地；C. Consequently结果；D. Eventually最终。上文“This _10

36、_ is especially evident on Kilimanjaro as _11_ go through five ecosystems (生态系统) in the space of a few kilometers.”提到要经历五种生态系统，此空之前已经介绍了山下的雨林、3000米处的低矮植物、再往上的云以及厚厚的草和4000米以上的高原沙漠四种不同生态系统，所以这里说第五个也就是最后一个，所以此处表示最后爬到了一个像北极圈一样的区域。故选D。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：乞力马扎罗山是一座拥挤的山，挤满了成群的游客，破坏了宁静的气氛，它值得这样的名声吗？A. enjoy欣

37、赏；B. deserve值得；C. save拯救；D. acquire获得。由后文的“its reputation as a crowded mountain with lines of tourists ruining the atmosphere of peace”可知，这里作者在质疑乞力马扎罗山是不是应该被誉为一座挤满了破坏宁静氛围的游客的拥挤的山峰，以此在对后面的回答做好铺垫。故选B。第三部分 阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AA good hiking trip should be planned out

38、 ahead of time. Whether it is a hike on a mountain trail (路线) or through the woods, an enjoyable hiking trip can easily tum into a dangerous situation if safety is not considered well. North Mountain State park recommends hikers consider the following tips before hitting any trails:Make a copy of yo

39、ur itinerary and give it to a family member or a friend.Make sure that someone close to you knows where you are and how long you will be gone.Wear a good pair of hiking boots or strong athletic shoes.The right shoes will keep you safe warm, and comfortable.Prepare for various types of weather condit

40、ions.Check the forecast (天气预报) before you leave; take along sunglasses and extra clothing (e.g, a hat and 1 or a jacket for a day hike).Pack plenty of food and water.Consider how long your hike will be and pack accordingly.Pack basic and necessary supplies.Bring a first-aid kit (急救箱), a flashlight,

41、a pocket knife, a map of the area (if available), and a compass (指南针). You may need other supplies, such as matches, depending on how long your hike will be.Determine what time the sun sets.This information is available in most local newspapers. Most people become lost after nightfall, so it is impo

42、rtant to know this information.Stay on properly marked trails.Stay on established trails to reduce the chances of becoming lost. Staying on established trails also lowers the risk of doing harm to endangered plants.Carry a whistle.Using a loud whistle is a good way to call attention to your location

43、 if you get lost.Keep an eye out for wildlife.Do not approach animals in the wild, even if they seem friendly.The Washington State Parks and Recreation Commission (WSPRC) manages a diverse (多样的) system of more than 120 parks. The 90-year-old park system, which receives nearly 48 million visits a yea

44、r, ranks 4th nationally in day-use attendance, 10th in overnight attendance, and the WSPRC bas a smaller budget than most states.31. What does the underlined word “itinerary” in paragraph 2 probably mean?A. A phone book.B. A travel plan.C. A goal.D. An address.32. What might happen to the hikers if

45、they ignore what time the sun sets?A. They might lose their way.B. They might need extra clothing.C. They might be attacked by wild animals.D. They might have difficulty finding supplies.33. What can we learn about WSPRC from the last paragraph?A. Its only accessible during summer months.B. It provi

46、des trails and wildlife protection.C. It provides search and rescue services.D. Its operated very well.34. What is the purpose of the text?A. To attract peoples interest in the park.B. To introduce the hiking routes.C. To give tips on staying safe when hiking.D. To tell people the new rules of a par

47、k.【答案】31. B 32. A 33. D 34. C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了一些技巧帮助喜欢远足的人能够安全地进行远足活动。【31题详解】词句猜测题。根据第二段“Make sure that someone close to you knows where you are and how long you will be gone.(确保你身边的人知道你在哪里，你会离开多久。)”可知，去远足要让你亲近的人知道你的计划安排，比如你在哪和你要去多久。故“itinerary”在此处意为“旅行计划”。故选B项。【32题详解】细节理解题。根据第七段的“This informat

48、ion is available in most local newspapers. Most people become lost after nightfall, so it is important to know this information.(这一信息在大多数当地报纸上都可以找到。大多数人在夜幕降临后会迷路，所以了解这些信息很重要。)”可知，如果不知道太阳落山的时间，那么很可能会迷路。故选A项。【33题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“The 90-year-old park system, which receives nearly 48 million visits a yea

49、r, ranks 4th nationally in day-use attendance, 10th in overnight attendance, and the WSPRC bas a smaller budget than most states.(拥有90年历史的公园系统每年接待近4800万游客，在全国日间游客人数中排名第四，夜间游客人数排名第十，而WSPRC的预算比大多数州都要少。)”可知，WSPRC的预算较少，但很受游客欢迎。因此，它运营得很好。故选D项。【34题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段的“Whether it is a hike on a mountain trail (

50、路线) or through the woods, an enjoyable hiking trip can easily tum into a dangerous situation if safety is not considered well. North Mountain State park recommends hikers consider the following tips before hitting any trails:(无论是在山路上还是在树林中徒步旅行，如果没有考虑好安全问题，愉快的徒步旅行很容易变成危险的情况。北山州立公园建议徒步旅行者在踏上任何小径之前考虑以下

51、建议：)”可知，本文主要为了介绍一些关于安全远足的技巧。故选C项。BMarian Bechtel sits at West Palm Beachs Bar Louie counter by herself, quietly reading her e-book as she waits for her salad. What is she reading? None of your business! Lunch is Bechtels “me” time. And like more Americans, shes not alone.A new report found 46 percen

52、t of meals are eaten alone in America. More than half (53 percent) have breakfast alone and nearly half (46 percent) have lunch by themselves. Only at dinnertime are we eating together, 74 percent, according to statistics from the report.“I prefer to go out and be out. Alone, but together, you know?

53、” Bechtel said, looking up from her book. Bechtel, who works in downtown West Palm Beach, has lunch with co-workers sometimes, but like many of us, too often works through lunch at her desk. A lunchtime escape allows her to keep a boss from tapping her on the shoulder. She returns to work feeling en

54、ergized. “Today, I just wanted some time to myself,” she said.Just two seats over, Andrew Mazoleny, a local videographer, is finishing his lunch at the bar. He likes that he can sit and check his phone in peace or chat up the barkeeper with whom hes on a first-name basis if he wants to have a little

55、 interaction (交流). “I reflect on how my days gone and think about the rest of the week,” he said. “Its a chance for self-reflection. You return to work recharged and with a plan.”That freedom to choose is one reason more people like to eat alone. There was a time when people may have felt awkward ab

56、out asking for a table for one, but those days are over. Now, we have our smartphones to keep us company at the table. “It doesnt feel as alone as it may have before all the advances in technology,” said Laurie Demeritt, whose company provided the statistics for the report.35. Why does Bechtel prefe

57、r to go out for lunch?A. To meet with her co-workers.B. To catch up with her work.C. To have some time on her own.D. To collect data for her report.36. What do we know about Mazoleny?A. He makes videos for the bar.B. Hes fond of the food at the bar.C. He interviews customers at the bar.D. Hes famili

58、ar with the barkeeper.37. What is the text mainly about?A. The trend of having meals alone.B. The importance of self-reflection.C. The stress from working overtime.D. The advantage of wireless technology.【答案】35. C 36. D 37. A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲的是据一份报告显示，越来越多的美国人喜欢独自用餐，并通过两个实例加以说明，文章总结了人们喜欢独自用餐的原因。【

59、35题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段的“A lunchtime escape allows her to keep a boss from tapping her on the shoulder. She returns to work feeling energized. “Today, I just wanted some time to myself,” she said.(午餐时间的一次外出可以让她避免被老板拍肩膀。她回到工作岗位，感到精力充沛。“今天，我只是想给自己一点时间，”她说。)”可知，Bechtel一个人吃午饭是为了让她有自己的时间。故选C。【36题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段

60、的“He likes that he can sit and check his phone in peace or chat up the barkeeper with whom hes on a first-name basis if he wants to have a little interaction (交流).(他喜欢安静地坐着看手机，或者和酒吧招待员聊天，如果他想有一点互动的话，可以直呼其名。)”可知，Mazoleny和酒吧招待员很熟。故选D。【37题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第二段的“A new report found 46 percent of meals are