2022版高考英语一轮复习第2部分人与社会主题群3历史社会与文化主题语境2对社会有突出贡献的人物教案

1、2022版高考英语一轮复习第2部分人与社会主题群3历史社会与文化主题语境2对社会有突出贡献的人物教师用书教案2022版高考英语一轮复习第2部分人与社会主题群3历史社会与文化主题语境2对社会有突出贡献的人物教师用书教案PAGE 2022版高考英语一轮复习第2部分人与社会主题群3历史社会与文化主题语境2对社会有突出贡献的人物教师用书教案主题语境（二)对社会有突出贡献的人物阅读理解A（2018浙江卷A)In 1812, the year Charles Dickens was born， there were 66 novels published in Britain。 People had be

2、en writing novels for a century most experts date the first novel to Robinson Crusoe in 1719 - but nobody wanted to do it professionally. The steam。powered printing press was still in its early stages; the literacy （识字) rate in England was under 50. Many works of fiction appeared without the names o

3、f the authors， often with something like “By a lady.” Novels, for the most part， were looked upon as silly， immoral or just plain bad.In 1870, when Dickens died, the world mourned him as its first professional writer and publisher, famous and beloved, who had led an explosion in both the publication

4、 of novels and their readership and whose characters from Oliver Twist to Tiny Tim - were held up as moral touchstones。 Today Dickens greatness is unchallenged. Removing him from the pantheon（名人堂） of English literature would make about as much sense as the Louvre selling off the Mona Lisa。How did Di

5、ckens get to the top？ For all the feelings readers attach to stories， literature is a numbers game， and the test of time is extremely difficult to pass。 Some 60,000 novels were published during the Victorian age， from 1837 to 1901; today a casual reader might be able to name a half dozen of them. It

6、s partly true that Dickens style of writing attracted audiences from all walks of life. Its partly that his writings rode a wave of social， political and scientific progress. But its also that he rewrote the culture of literature and put himself at the center。 No one will ever know what mix of talen

7、t，ambition,energy and luck made Dickens such a distinguished writer. But as the 200th anniversary of his birth approaches, it is possible and important for our own culture - to understand how he made himself a lasting one。【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了英国著名作家查尔斯狄更斯及其作品是如何奠定他在英国文学中的地位的。1Which of the following b

8、est describes British novels in the 18th century?AThey were difficult to understand。BThey were popular among the rich.CThey were seen as nearly worthless.DThey were written mostly by women.C细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“Novels， for the most part, were looked upon as silly, immoral or just plain bad。可知，那时印刷技术落后，人们

9、识字率低，很多作品上没有作者名字,小说被认为是愚蠢的、有悖道德的或糟糕透顶的。故选C项。2Dickens is compared with the Mona Lisa in the text to stress _。Ahis reputation in FranceBhis interest in modern artChis success in publicationDhis importance in literatureD推理判断题.根据第二段最后一句“Removing him from the pantheon (名人堂） of English literature would ma

10、ke about as much sense as the Louvre selling off the Mona Lisa.”可知,把他从英国文学的名人堂移除就跟卢浮宫廉价出售蒙娜丽莎的感觉一样，可见狄更斯在英国文学史上的重要性，由此可推知D项正确。3What is the authors purpose in writing the text？ATo remember a great writer.BTo introduce an English novel.CTo encourage studies on culture.DTo promote values of the Victori

11、an age.A写作意图题。根据文中对查尔斯狄更斯及其作品在英国小说史上重要性的介绍和文章最后一句可知,本文写于查尔斯狄更斯诞辰200周年前夕，由此可知作者写本文是为了纪念查尔斯狄更斯这位伟大的作家。B（2016全国卷A）You probably know who Marie Curie was, but you may not have heard of Rachel Carson. Of the outstanding ladies listed below， who do you think was the most important woman of the past 100 yea

12、rs？Jane Addams (18601935）Anyone who has ever been helped by a social worker has Jane Addams to thank。 Addams helped the poor and worked for peace。 She encouraged a sense of community(社区） by creating shelters and promoting education and services for people in need. In 1931, Addams became the first Am

13、erican woman to win the Nobel Peace Prize。Rachel Carson （19071964)If it werent for Rachel Carson, the environmental movement might not exist today. Her popular 1962 book Silent Spring raised awareness of the dangers of pollution and the harmful effects of chemicals on humans and on the worlds lakes

14、and oceans。Sandra Day OConnor (1930present）When Sandra Day OConnor finished third in her class at Stanford Law School, in 1952， she could not find work at a law firm because she was a woman. She became an Arizona state senator （参议员） and， in 1981， the first woman to join the U。 S. Supreme Court. OCon

15、nor gave the deciding vote in many important cases during her 24 years on the top court.Rosa Parks （19132005）On December 1， 1955, in Montgomery， Alabama, Rosa Parks would not give up her seat on a bus to a white passenger。 Her simple act landed Parks in prison。 But it also set off the Montgomery bus

16、 boycott。 It lasted for more than a year， and kicked off the civil。rights movement。 “The only tired I was, was tired of giving in，” said Parks.【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了不同领域的四位女性先驱。4What is Jane Addams noted for in history？AHer social work.BHer teaching skills。CHer efforts to win a prize.DHer community ba

17、ckground.A细节理解题。根据Jane Addams下的第一句话“Anyone who has ever been helped by a social worker has Jane Addams to thank。”(任何一个受到社会工作者帮助的人都要感谢Jane Addams)可知,在历史上，Jane Addams因她的社会工作而出名，与A项相符.5What was the reason for OConnors being rejected by the law firm？AHer lack of proper training in law。BHer little work e

18、xperience in court。CThe discrimination against women.DThe poor financial conditions。C细节理解题。根据Sandra Day OConnor下的第一句“When Sandra Day OConnor finished third in her class at Stanford Law School 。.。”可知,她没能在法律事务所找到工作，是因为她是一名女性，这与C项“对于女性的歧视相符，故选C项.6Who made a great contribution to the civilrights movemen

19、t in the US。？AJane Addams.BRachel Carson.CSandra Day OConnor。DRosa Parks.D细节理解题。根据Rosa Parks下的“。. it also set off the Montgomery bus boycott. It lasted for more than a year， and kicked off the civilrights movement.可知，它导致了蒙哥马利巴士抵制运动，这场运动持续了一年多，开始了民权运动，故选D项。7What can we infer about the women mentioned

20、 in the text?AThey are highly educated.BThey are truly creative。CThey are pioneers.DThey are peace.lovers.C推理判断题。通读全文可知这四位女性都是各自领域的先驱者，都在各自领域作出了巨大的贡献，故选C项。完形填空（2017浙江卷)Alia Baker is a librarian in Iraq. Her library used to be a 1 place for all who loved books and liked to share knowledge. They 2 var

21、ious matters all over the world。 When the war was near， Alia was 3 that the fires of war would destroy the books, which are more 4 to her than mountains of gold. The books are in every language new books， ancient books， 5 a book on the history of Iraq that is seven hundred years old.She had asked th

22、e government for 6 to move the books to a 7 place, but they refused。 So Alia took matters into her own hands. 8 ， she brought books home every night， 9 her car late after work。 Her friends came to 10 her when the war broke out. Anis who owned a restaurant 11 to hide some books。 All through the 12 ，

23、Alia， Anis， his brothers and neighbours took the books from the library, 13 them over the seven.foot wall and 14 them in the restaurant。 The books stayed hidden as the war 15 . Then nine days later, a fire burned the 16 to the ground。One day， the bombing stopped and the 17 left. But the war was not

24、over yet. Alia knew that if the books were to be safe， they must be 18 again while the city was 19 . So she hired a truck to bring all the books to the houses of friends in the suburbs （郊区）。 Now Alia waited for the war to end and 20 peace and a new library.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了在战火中，艾丽娅贝克和身边的人勇敢地保护书籍的

25、故事。1A。meetingBworkingCpersonalDreligiousA根据下文可知，爱书人士经常到艾丽娅的图书馆看书、分享知识,对于这些人来说，该图书馆是一个聚会处，故选meeting。2A。raisedBhandled CreportedDdiscussedD结合语境可知，他们在这里讨论全世界各种各样的事情，故选discussed。3A。worriedBangry CdoubtfulDcuriousA根据上文提到的战争即将来临,以及下文提到的艾丽娅和身边的人保护图书馆书籍的内容可知，此处指艾丽娅很担心书籍在战火中被毁掉，故选worried。4A。practicalBpreciou

26、sCreliableDexpensiveB根据语境及下文的“mountains of gold”可知,艾丽娅认为这些书比金山还要珍贵，故选precious。5A。thenBstill CevenDratherC空处上下文在语义上表示递进,指甚至（even)还有700年前的有关伊拉克历史的书籍.6A。permissionBconfirmationCexplanationDinformationA根据语境可知，她希望得到政府的允许（permission）把书搬到安全的（safe）地方，但他们拒绝了。ask sb.for permission表示“请求某人的许可”,符合语境。7A.largeBpub

27、lic CdistantDsafeD参见上题解析。8A。FortunatelyBSurprisinglyCSeriouslyDSecretlyD根据语境可知，每晚很晚下班后,艾丽娅偷偷地把书带回家。secretly“秘密地，偷偷地，符合语境。9A。startingBparking CfillingDtestingC根据上下文语境及空后的“her car”可知，艾丽娅把书装到她的汽车里运回家。10A.stopBhelp CwarnDrescueB根据下文的内容可知，战争爆发后,她的朋友们也赶来帮助（help）她。11A.intendedBpretendedChappenedDagreedD根据下

28、文可知,安尼斯同意把一些书藏在自己的餐馆里，agree to do 。 表示“同意做”.12A。warBnight CbuildingDwayB根据语境可知，他们整晚都在从图书馆里搬书,这也照应了上文中的“every night”。13A。putBopened CpassedDthrewC根据上下文可知,他们要把书递过(passed)7英尺的高墙，并把它们藏在(hide）餐馆里。14A.hidBexchanged CburntDdistributedA参见上题解析。15A。approachedBeruptedCcontinuedDendedC根据语境及上文中的“the war broke ou

29、t”可知,战争还在继续（continued）.16A。restaurantBlibraryCcityDwallB根据语境及下文中的“a new library”可知，图书馆被全部焚毁了，故选library。17A。neighboursBsoldiersCfriendsDcustomersB一天，轰炸停止了，士兵们也离开了，所以选soldiers.18A.soldBread CsavedDmovedD根据下文可知,艾丽娅知道，尽管城市是安静的(quiet)，如果要想这些书安全，他们必须把这些书再转移(moved）出去。19A。occupiedBbombed CquietDbusyC参见上题解析.

30、20A。dreamed ofBbelieved inCcared aboutDlooked forA根据语境可知，艾丽娅等待着战争的结束，梦想着（拥有)和平和一个新图书馆.语法填空（2019全国卷)A 90year。old has been awarded “Woman Of The Year” for 1。_(be) Britains oldest fulltime employeestill working 40 hours a week. Now Irene Astbury works from 9 am to 5 pm daily at the pet shop in Macclesf

31、ield， 2._ she opened with her late husband Les. Her years of hard work have 3._(final） been acknowledged after a customer nominated（提名) her to be Cheshires Woman Of The Year.Picking up her “Lifetime Achievement” award, proud Irene 4._(declare） she had no plans 5。_（retire） from her 36。year。old busine

32、ss. Irene said, “I dont see any reason to give up work。 I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends I 6。_（make） over the years。 I work not because I have to， 7._ because I want to。”Granddaughter Gayle Parks， 31who works alongside her in the family businesssaid it remained unknown as

33、to who nominated Irene for the award。 She said， “We dont have any idea who put grandma forward。 When we got a call 8._(say） she was short。listed， we thought it was 9。_ joke. But then we got an official letter and we were blown away. We are so proud of her. Its 10._（wonder)”【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。介绍了一位90岁的英国

34、女性仍然坚持每周工作40个小时而获得“年度女性奖”的事迹.语篇以积极工作为切入点，宣扬劳动精神，引导学生培养劳动意识.1being考查非谓语动词。介词for后跟动词时,要用其动名词形式.2which考查非限制性定语从句的引导词。分析句子结构可知，逗号后是非限制性定语从句，the pet shop是先行词，定语从句中缺少opened的宾语，故用which引导非限制性定语从句。3finally考查副词。副词修饰动词acknowledge.4declared考查时态.分析句子结构可知,主句中缺少谓语动词；结合后面的had可知,此处应使用一般过去时.5to retire考查非谓语动词。此处用不定式短语

35、作plans的后置定语，表示“她没有退休的计划 。6have made考查时态。根据空格后的时间状语over the years可知，句子要用现在完成时。7but考查连词.not.。but。.不是而是。句意：我工作不是因为我必须工作，而是因为我想工作。8saying考查非谓语动词。say与前面的a call之间是主动关系，故填saying，现在分词短语saying.。.作后置定语，修饰a call。9a考查冠词。joke“笑话,玩笑” ，是可数名词.空格后用了单数joke，故其前用a。10wonderful考查词性转换（名词变形容词).系动词is后面跟形容词作表语。wonder对应的形容词是w

36、onderful.。写出所给单词的汉语意思1professionally adv。 专业地2fiction n。 小说；虚构出来的事3mourn v. 哀痛;哀悼4beloved adj. 被喜爱的5readership n. 读者人数;读者群6touchstone n. 试金石7unchallenged adj. 不成问题的8distinguished adj。 杰出的；卓越的9anniversary n. 周年纪念（日）10shelter n。 遮蔽物;栖身之地11deciding adj。 起决定作用的12boycott n。 联合抵制13background n。 背景14discri

37、mination n。 歧视15religious adj. 宗教的16confirmation n. 证实;确认17distribute v. 分配；分发18customer n. 顾客19short。listed adj。 列入入围名单的。根据所给汉语写出英文单词1social adj. 社会的2energy n. 能量;活力3movement n。 运动4practical adj。 实用的5precious adj. 珍贵的6achievement n. 成就7official adj。 官方的；正式的。根据所给提示写出派生单词1moral adj。 道德的immoral adj. 非

38、道德的2publish v. 出版publication n. 出版publisher n。 出版商3politics n。 政治political adj. 政治的4science n. 科学scientific adj。 科学的5pollute v. 污染pollution n。 污染6harm n. & v。 伤害harmful adj。 有害的7rely v。 信赖reliable adj. 可靠的；可信赖的8explain v. 解释explanation n. 解释9wonder n. 奇迹；惊奇wonderful adj. 极好的;精彩的。根据所给汉语写出惯用习语1for_the

39、_most_part 大部分;多半2be_looked_upon_as 被看作3set_off 引燃；引起4break_out 爆发5burn_._to_the_ground 把烧成平地即时演练单句语法填空1In fact， smoking is a bad habit, which is harmful(harm） to peoples health.2If you drop a lighted cigarette in the wood， you could set off a big fire。3His first book was_published（publish） last yea

40、r and it turned out to be a best。seller。4He is not a reliable(rely) person， for he never carries out his promises。5Summers in the south of France are for the most part dry and sunny.6Many people in the village fell ill because of drinking the polluted(pollute) water. 7Even in his late years of life，

41、 the old man is still doing scientific（science) research。8Several houses have been burned to the ground when the blaze is put out.9The high official was forced to resign because of his immoral（moral） conduct.。熟词生义(写出句中黑体词的汉语意思）1Novels， for the most part, were looked upon as silly, immoral or just pl

42、ain bad. 完全;简直2In 1870， when Dickens died, the world mourned him as its first professional writer and publisher, famous and beloved， who had led an explosion in both the publication of novels and their readership and whose characters from Oliver Twist to Tiny Tim were held up as moral touchstones。 骤

43、增3Her simple act landed Parks in prison。 使陷入。似易实难（将句中黑体词部分译成汉语）1Its partly true that Dickens style of writing attracted audiences from all walks of life. Its partly that his writings rode a wave of social, political and scientific progress。 译文狄更斯的写作风格吸引了来自各行各业的读者，这在一定程度上来说是正确的;部分原因是他的著作掀起了社会、政治和科学进步

44、的浪潮。2But then we got an official letter and we were blown away.译文但是后来我们收到了一封公函，令我们大为惊讶。.复杂晦涩(分析句子结构并译成汉语)1In 1870， when Dickens died, the world mourned him as its first professional writer and publisher， famous and beloved, who had led an explosion in both the publication of novels and their readers

45、hip and whose characters from Oliver Twist to Tiny Tim - were held up as moral touchstones。 分析本句是一个复合句。when引导时间状语从句，the world mourned him as its first professional writer and publisher是主句，who和whose分别引导一个非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词first professional writer and publisher。译文1870年狄更斯去世，全世界都沉痛悼念这个世界上第一位职业作家和出版商，他声名远扬

46、而且受人爱戴，他使小说的出版数量和读者人数急剧增加,他小说中的主人公-从奥利弗_特维斯特到小蒂姆-被视为道德的试金石。2But as the 200th anniversary of his birth approaches, it is possible and important for our own culture to understand how he made himself a lasting one.分析本句是一个复合句.要注意as引导的是时间状语从句，而主句中 and important for our own culture是插入语。译文但是在狄更斯200周年诞辰之际，我

47、们自己的文化有可能,也需要去弄明白他永恒历史的原因。3When the war was near, Alia was worried that the fires of war would destroy the books， which are more precious to her than mountains of gold. 分析本句是一个复合句。When the war was near是when引导的时间状语从句，that the fires of war would destroy the books是was worried的宾语从句，which are more precio

48、us to her than mountains of gold是非限制性定语从句修饰先行词the books.译文战争临近时，艾丽娅很担心战火会毁了这些书，对她来说，这些书比金山还要珍贵。4Granddaughter Gayle Parks, 31-who works alongside her in the family business-said it remained unknown as to who nominated Irene for the award。分析本句是一个复合句。who works alongside her in the family business为非限制性

49、定语从句修饰先行词Granddaughter Gayle Parks，said后是省略that的宾语从句，who nominated Irene for the award作as to的宾语。译文31岁的孙女盖尔帕克斯与艾琳一起在自己家的宠物店里工作.她说,至于谁提名艾琳获奖，目前尚不得而知。1remove v。 迁移,搬迁；脱掉，摘掉；开除；消除一词多义写出下列句中remove的含义Some of them are being removed and some are being put into museums. 迁移，搬迁It is a custom among the Japanese

50、 to remove their footwear before entering a house。 脱掉,摘掉As far as I know， three children were removed from school for bad behaviour. 开除remove .。. from .。 把从移开remove from .。 to .。. 从搬迁到remove sb. from school/office 开除/免职某人remove poverty and injustice 消除贫穷和不公be removed from office 被罢免职务with the misund

51、erstanding removed 随着误解被消除基础练习-单句语法填空Teenagers shouldnt be_removed（remove) from school although they dont do well in studies。Will you please remove your handbag from the seat?The misunderstanding being_removed（remove） the two boy made up again.能力提升完成句子由于空气污染严重，这家人决定从城市搬到乡下。Because of the serious air

52、 pollution， the family decided to remove_from_the_ city_to_the_countryside.2sense n。 感觉;意义 v. 感觉到（1）a sense of. 的感觉in a sense 在某一方面;就某种意义来讲in no sense 决不（位于句首时，句子用部分倒装）(2）make sense有意义；有道理；讲得通，可理解make sense of 了解的意义；懂得(3）It makes sense to do sth。 做某事是有意义的There is no sense in （doing) sth. 做某事是没有道理/意义

53、的.have a good sense of humour 很有幽默感give me a sense of great achievement 给我巨大的成就感try to make sense of what was going on outside 努力弄清外面出了什么事基础练习单句语法填空Only those who have a sense of responsibility can hold such an important position.Only after I read the poem a second time did I make sense of it.There

54、is no sense in pretending to know what you actually dont know。能力提升一句多译抱怨是没有意义的，我们现在应该采取行动了。It doesnt_make_sense to complain。 We should take action now.There_is_no_sense in complaining. We should take action now。3mix v。 使混合；使结合；相融合(1）mix 。. with/and 。 把和混合mix with sb. 与某人交往mix up 混合，掺和;混淆（2)mixed adj

55、. 混合的mixture n. 混合物mix red paint with yellow paint to make orange paint 把红色和黄色涂料混合成橙色涂料get mixed up in a fight with another player 卷进了与另一位球员的斗殴a mixture of Chinese tradition with western style 中国传统与西方风格的融合基础练习单句语法填空He is famous for mixing Chinese musical traditions with/and western forms and instrum

56、entation.He looked at her with a mixture（mix) of amusement and happiness。I must admit that I have mixed（mix) feelings about my new deskmate.能力提升完成句子我认为保持年轻的秘诀就是与年轻人交往。I think the secret of staying young is to_mix_with younger people。4danger n. 危险;危险的人或物(1)in danger 处于危险之中in danger of 有的危险out of dang

57、er 脱离危险(2）dangerous adj。危险的endanger v. 危及；危害；使遭受危险endangered adj。 濒危的a danger to the public 对大众来说是个危险in danger of losing his job 他有失去工作的危险stop illegal trade in endangered animals 阻止濒危动物的非法交易基础练习单句语法填空People who drink and drive are a danger both to themselves and to others。Tigers are dangerous（danger

58、） to man， but they are in danger of dying out now。The operation was a success and she is now out of danger。能力提升-一句多译确实到了我们采取措施保护濒危动物的时候了。Its time for us to_take_measures_to_protect_endangered_animals。Its time that we_took_measures_to_protect_endangered_animals。5pretend v。 假装；佯作pretendeq blcrc （avs4a

59、lco1（to ben。/adj. 假装是，to do sth。假装做某事,to be doing sth。假装正在做某事,to have done sth.假装已经做过某事，that.。假装）)pretend to be angry 假装生气pretend to be doing his homework 他假装正在做作业pretend to have known the answer to the problem 假装已经知道了那道题的答案基础练习单句语法填空If you pretend to_know（know) what you dont know， youll only make a

60、 fool of yourself。He pretended to_be_reading (read) an important paper when the boss came in。The boy pretended nothing had_happened(happen) after breaking the window.能力提升-完成句子他们很快就识破了那个骗子，那人伪装成该领域的一个专家。It didnt take long for them to see through the cheat， who_pretended_to_be_an_ expert_in_this_area。