2021届高考英语二轮复习好题专题02阅读填空第03期含解析

1、2021届高考英语二轮复习好题专题02阅读填空第03期含解析2021届高考英语二轮复习好题专题02阅读填空第03期含解析2021届高考英语二轮复习好题专题02阅读填空第03期含解析阅读填空【2021届湖北省六校第一次联考】At one point or another， youve probably heard someone speak with confidence on a topic that they actually know almost nothing about. This phenomenon is known as the DunningKruger effect, wh

2、ich refers to the finding that people who are relatively unskilled or unknowledgeable in a particular subject sometimes have the tendency to overestimate their knowledge and abilities.In a set of studies， researchers Justin Kruger and David Dunning asked participants to complete tests of their skill

3、s in a particular domain. Then, participants were asked to guess how well they had done on the test. 36 This effect was most pronounced among participants with the lowest scores on the test。David Dunning explains that “the knowledge and intelligence that are required to be good at a task are often t

4、he same qualities needed to recognize that one is not good at that task.” In other words, if someone knows very little about a particular topic, they may not even know enough about the topic to realize that their knowledge is limited. Importantly， someone may be highly skilled in one area， but be in

5、fluenced by the Dunning-Kruger effect in another domain.37If people who know very little about a topic think theyre experts， what do experts think of themselves？ Interestingly, Dunning and Kruger found that although experts typically guessed their performance was above average, they didnt realize qu

6、ite how well they had done。 They often make a different mistake:38What can people do to overcome the effect? Dunning and Kruger once had some of the participants take a logic test and then complete a short training session on logical reasoning. After the training, the participants were asked to asse

7、ss how theyd done on the previous test. 39Afterward, the participants who scored in the bottom 25 percent lowered their estimate of how well they thought they had done on the initial test. In other words, one way to overcome the effect may be to learn more about a topic。The Dunning-Kruger effect sug

8、gests that we may not always know as much as we think we do.40 However, by challenging ourselves to learn more and by reading about opposing views， we can work to overcome the effect.AResearchers found that the training made a difference.BThey assume that everyone else is knowledgeable, too。CThis ha

9、ppens when people dont know much about a topic.DAll of them had a more accurate view of their performance。E。 They found that participants tended to overestimate their abilities.F。 This means that everyone can potentially be affected by the DunningKruger effect。G。 In some domains, we may not know eno

10、ugh about a topic to realize that we are unskilled.【答案】36E37F38B39A40G【解析】这是一篇说明文.你可能听过一些人自信地谈论着他们几乎一无所知的话题。这种现象被称为DunningKruger效应，指的是在某一特定领域相对不熟练或知识不丰富的人有时会倾向于高估自己的知识和能力.文章主要介绍了研究人员是如何进行研究的，以及这项研究结果对人们的启示.36根据后文This effect was most pronounced among participants with the lowest scores on the test.可知

11、这种效应在测试中得分最低的参与者中最为明显。以及下一段中In other words， if someone knows very little about a particular topic， they may not even know enough about the topic to realize that their knowledge is limited.可知换句话说，如果一个人对某个话题知之甚少，他甚至可能还没有意识到自己的知识是有限的。由此可知，研究人员发现参与者倾向于高估自己的能力，尤其得分最低的参与者中最为明显。故E选项“他们发现，参与者倾向于高估自己的能力”符合上下

12、文语境，故选E.37根据上文Importantly， someone may be highly skilled in one area， but be influenced by the Dunning-Kruger effect in another domain。可知重要的是，有些人可能在某个领域非常熟练，但在另一个领域会受到DunningKruger效应的影响。由此可知，本句承接上文说明，这一发现意味着每个人都可能受到DunningKruger效应的潜在影响。故F选项“这意味着每个人都可能受到Dunning-Kruger效应的潜在影响”符合上下文语境，故选F。38根据上文Interes

13、tingly, Dunning and Kruger found that although experts typically guessed their performance was above average， they didnt realize quite how well they had done. They often make a different mistake：可知有趣的是，邓宁和克鲁格发现，尽管专家通常会猜测他们的表现高于平均水平，但他们并没有意识到自己的表现有多好.他们经常犯一个不同的错误:由此可知，本句承接上文说明这个错误是什么-他们认为其他人也都是知识渊博的。

14、故B选项“他们认为其他人也都是知识渊博的”符合上下文语境，故选B。39根据后文Afterward, the participants who scored in the bottom 25 percent lowered their estimate of how well they thought they had done on the initial test. In other words， one way to overcome the effect may be to learn more about a topic.可知之后，得分最低的25的参与者降低了他们对自己在最初测试中的表

15、现的估计。换句话说，克服这种影响的一种方法可能是对某个话题了解得更多。由此可知，训练起作用了.故A选项“研究人员发现，训练起到了作用符合上下文语境，故选A。40根据上文The DunningKruger effect suggests that we may not always know as much as we think we do.可知DunningKruger效应表明,我们可能并不总是像自己认为的那样知道那么多。以及后文However, by challenging ourselves to learn more and by reading about opposing view

16、s, we can work to overcome the effect。可知然而,通过挑战自己来学习更多,通过阅读相反的观点，我们可以努力克服这种效果。由此可知，本句是在说明在某些领域，人们可能对某个主题了解不够，以至于意识到自己缺乏技能.故G选项“在某些领域,我们可能对某个主题了解不够，以至于意识到自己缺乏技能”符合上下文语境,故选G。阅读填空【四川省成都市2021届高三高中毕业班摸底】Tips on Learning a New Language Before TravellingWhenever you travel to a foreign place， it is helpful

17、 knowing a bit of the local language。16But speaking the local language shows you care and it will help you mix with the locals easily。 To learn a language， you do not have to take full time classes。 You can follow some of the tips to pick up some basics quickly before that trip.Practise. The more yo

18、u study the language, the better.17Think of it like learning an instrument or training for a marathon. The amount of time youll need depends on the language youre learning, how often you practice and your learning style.18One good way to practise is to use the language youre learning。 And who is bet

19、ter to speak a language with than a native speaker who can train you better and correct your mistakes? Find one on the internet or in real life and strike a conversation with them. There are some free language exchange websites where you can find native speakers to practise with.19Download a languag

20、e app。 Your app store offers a vast amount of options for language learning。 Apps like Google Translate， Duolingo, Bilingual or Hi Native can help you to learn languages quickly。20 But they are not necessarily the best choice if youre short on time and trying to master the basics。 They can also help

21、 a lot when youre struggling to communicate while on vacation。ASpeak to native speakers.BConstantly use the language.CYou can also find a private class to attend。DTrips can help make the process fun and easy.E. Learning a language doesnt happen overnight。F。 Those apps can help you learn the language

22、 effectively。G。 You may not know how to pronounce the words correctly。【答案】16G17E18A19C20F【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章作者针对如何在旅行前，学习一门新语言这个问题，给出了一些建议。16上文Whenever you travel to a foreign place， it is helpful knowing a bit of the local language.说当你到一个外国旅行时，懂一点当地语言是有帮助的。下文But speaking the local language shows you car

23、e and it will help you mix with the locals easily。 但是会说当地的语言会显示你的关心，也会帮助你轻松地融入当地人。该空承上启下，G选项“你可能不知道这些单词的正确发音切题。G选项中the words指代上文中的a bit of the local language.该选项指出你在旅游时，说当地语言可能存在的一些问题，与下文“说当地语言的好处”形成转折关系。故选G。17上文The more you study the language, the better。说对于这门语言，你学得越多越好。结合该段小标题Practise，强调了练习的重要。E选项

24、“学习一门语言不是一蹴而就的”是上文的原因.下文Think of it like learning an instrument or training for a marathon.说把它想象成学习一种乐器或马拉松训练,很好地承接了E选项,下文中的it指代选项中的“Learning a language”.故选E.18该设空处为段落小标题。根据本段内容One good way to practise is to use the language youre learning. And who is better to speak a language with than a native sp

25、eaker who can train you better and correct your mistakes？ Find one on the internet or in real life and strike a conversation with them。 There are some free language exchange websites where you can find native speakers to practise with。（一个练习的好方法是使用你正在学习的语言。还有什么比一个能更好地训练你,并纠正你的错误的说母语的人交谈更好的呢?在网上或现实生活中

26、找一个，和他们交谈。有一些免费的语言交换网站，在那里你可以找到说母语的人来练习。）可知这一段主要讲了和讲母语的人交谈是学习当地语的一个好方法.所以该段落小标题为“与母语人士交谈”,该段落中多次出现native speakers,与 A选项中的native speakers相呼应。故选A。19上文There are some free language exchange websites where you can find native speakers to practise with。说有一些免费的语言交换网站,在那里你可以找到说母语的人练习。这里指出了寻找练习机会的渠道，该空承接上文，指

27、出寻找练习机会的另外一个方法.C选项“你也可以找一个私人课程来参加”，其中also是一个很明显的提示词。故选C。20上文Apps like Google Translate, Duolingo， Bilingual or Hi Native can help you to learn languages quickly。说像谷歌Translate， Duolingo, Bilingual或Hi Native这样的应用程序可以帮助你快速学习语言。这里指出了这些语言学习应用的优点，该空指出另一个优点,F选项“这些应用程序可以帮助你有效地学习语言切题，选项中的Those apps对应上文中的Apps

28、。故选F。【2021届湖南省教育联合体高三7月联考】Yearround SchoolingTraditional schools in America operate on a 9-month system， but today many people prefer yearround schooling。Students in year-round schools attend school the same number of days as students in traditional ninemonth schools. 36 Instead of the traditional n

29、ine months of school and a long, three-month summer vacation, the students have several short breaks between sessions all through the year. Another difference is the track。 Instead of single-track schooling that involves an entire school using the same schedule and getting the same vacations off， mu

30、ltiple-track yearround schooling has groups of students attending school at different times with different vacations。 37The major advantage of year-round schooling is that it provides the continuous learning that can be lost over a long vacation as the students are not ever out of school for a long

31、period of time。 3839For example, with one group of students always on vacation， a school that was built for 750 students can serve as many as 1，000. This lets school districts with little or no money for building new schools handle a growing student population and save millions of dollars in constru

32、ction costs。Overall, people generally have positive attitudes toward year-round schooling. Disadvantages include the inconvenience to families with children in both traditional and year-round schools。 40 And some people say it interferes with activities that take place outside schoolincluding summer

33、 employment.AThus there is always one group of students on vacation。BFor example， it makes it difficult to make vacation plans.CAnother advantage of yearround schooling is that it saves money for students。DWhats different about year-round schools is that the days are arranged differently.E. In addit

34、ion， yearround schooling is often chosen as a costcutting measure.F. That is why many families accept both kinds of schooling。G. As a result， the students forget less of what they learned over the shorter breaks.【答案】36D37A38G39E40B【解析】这是一篇说明文.文章主要介绍了全年制教育，介绍了其与九个月制的区别，以及全年制教育的缺点和优点.36根据上文Students in

35、 year-round schools attend school the same number of days as students in traditional nine-month schools。可知全年制学校的学生与传统的9个月制学校的学生上课的天数相同。根据后文Instead of the traditional nine months of school and a long, three-month summer vacation， the students have several short breaks between sessions all through the

36、 year.可知与传统的9个月的在校学习和3个月长的暑假不同，学生们在一年中有几次短暂的休息。由此可知，上文提到了全年制和九个月制的共同点，那么本句应当是说明全年制与九个月制的不同之处。故D选项“全年制学校的不同之处在于时间安排的不同”符合语境，故选D。37根据上文Instead of singletrack schooling that involves an entire school using the same schedule and getting the same vacations off, multiple-track year-round schooling has gro

37、ups of students attending school at different times with different vacations。可知与单轨学校不同的是,多轨学校让不同的学生在不同的时间和假期上学，而不是整个学校使用相同的时间表和相同的假期。由此可知,本句承接上文说明结果,多轨学校因为让不同的学生在不同的时间和假期上学，所以结果就是总有一群学生在放假.故A选项“因此总会有一群学生在放假”符合语境，故选A.38根据上文The major advantage of year-round schooling is that it provides the continuous

38、 learning that can be lost over a long vacation as the students are not ever out of school for a long period of time。可知全年制教育的主要优点是，它提供了持续的学习,而这种学习可能会因为长假期而失去，因为学生不会离开学校很长一段时间。由此可知，本句承接上文继续说明全年制教育的优点,因为学生不会离开学校很长一段时间，所以学生们遗忘的知识会更少。故G选项“因此,在较短的休息时间里，学生们忘记的东西更少符合语境，故选G.39根据后文For example， with one group

39、 of students always on vacation， a school that was built for 750 students can serve as many as 1，000。 This lets school districts with little or no money for building new schools handle a growing student population and save millions of dollars in construction costs。可知例如，如果一群学生总是在放假，一所原本可容纳750名学生的学校就可

40、以容纳多达1000名学生。这样一来，那些几乎没有钱或根本没有钱建新学校的学区就可以应付不断增长的学生人数,并节省数百万美元的建筑成本。由此可知，本段主要说明的是全年教育经常被选择作为削减成本的措施。故E选项“此外,全年教育经常被选择作为削减成本的措施符合语境，故选E。40根据上文Disadvantages include the inconvenience to families with children in both traditional and yearround schools.（缺点包括对有孩子在传统学校和全年制学校上学的家庭的不便)以及后文And some people say

41、 it interferes with activities that take place outside schoolincluding summer employment。(有些人说它会干扰校外活动，包括暑期打工)由此可知，本句与上下文构成并列关系，都是在说明全年制学校的缺点。故B选项“例如，它使制定假期计划变得困难”符合语境,故选B.【2021届江苏省徐州市第一中学新高考全国卷第一次适应性考试】How to keep yourself safe from new virus？After a new-type coronavirus was detected in viral pneum

42、onia cases in Central Chinas Wuhan city three months ago， more cases have been reported in recent days。 36:1. Wear masks outdoorsWearing a mask is one of the most effective ways to protect you from getting infected。Make sure to wear it properly by tightening up the nose clip and pulling the bottom o

43、f it over your chin.37， a mask is also needed to prevent you from spreading germs to others。2。 Cover your coughs and sneeze with tissueCover your mouth and nose with a tissue when you cough or sneeze， or you can cough or sneeze into your sleeve, but avoid covering with your hands directly.3。 38 Wash

44、 your hands with soap and running water thoroughly for at least 15 seconds。 Before eating and after using the toilet After returning home After touching trash or garbage After contacting with animals or handling animal wastes4。 Strengthen your immune system and exercise regularly Exercise regularly

45、is one of the most important ways to help you stay away from catching any infections. Make sure that shared spaces have good air flow and avoid going to crowded places such as hospitals, railway stations and airports. 39 Seek prompt medical attention if you have symptoms of fever and respiratory inf

46、ection. Avoid close contact with people who have flu or coldlike symptoms.40。 Avoid contact with wild animals or farmed livestock without any protection.AIf your hands are not visibly dirtyBEat thoroughly cooked meat and eggsCWash your hands frequently and properlyDProtect yourself and others from g

47、etting sickE. Wear a mask if transport or movement is necessaryF. If youre not feeling well or have symptoms of feverG. To prevent catching the infection, heres what you can do【答案】36G37F38C39E40B【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要就如何保护自己免受新病毒感染提出了四点建议。36本句为第一段最后一句，有启示下文的作用，结合后文主要介绍了一些预防感染的建议，故G选项“为了防止感染，你可以这样做”符合上下文语境

48、，故选G。37根据后文a mask is also needed to prevent you from spreading germs to others。可知为了防止细菌传染给他人，你也需要戴上口罩。由此可知，本句是在说明如果有不舒服或发烧的症状，更要带上口罩，防止细菌传染给他人。故F选项“如果你感觉不舒服或有发烧的症状”符合上下文语境，故选F。38根据后文Wash your hands with soap and running water thoroughly for at least 15 seconds.可知用肥皂和自来水彻底洗手至少15秒。由此可知，本部分是在说明洗手的问题。故C

49、选项“正确并且频繁地洗手”符合上下文语境，故选C.39根据上文Make sure that shared spaces have good air flow and avoid going to crowded places such as hospitals, railway stations and airports.可知确保共享空间有良好的空气流通，避免去医院、火车站和机场等拥挤的地方。由此可知，本句承接上文继续说明去这些拥挤场所需要佩戴好口罩。故E选项“如有需要，应戴上口罩”符合上下文语境，故选E。40根据后文Avoid contact with wild animals or far

50、med livestock without any protection.可知避免接触没有任何保护的野生动物或饲养的牲畜。由此可知，本段是在说明一些食用和接触动物的注意事项，如要吃彻底煮熟的肉和蛋。故B选项“吃彻底煮熟的肉和蛋”符合上下文语境,故选B。阅读填空【2021届广西钦州市第一中学高三开学摸底】How to Choose a Topic for Your PaperNo matter what research paper you write， the first and most important step is to choose the topic。 36 Here are s

51、ome tips for you to follow.To choose a good topic， youll have to ask yourself some important questions。 Is there enough research available on this topic？ Is the topic new and unique enough that I can offer fresh opinions？ Is it related to my subject and future occupation？37 Writing about something y

52、ou enjoy certainly shows in the final product， making it more likely that you will be successful in writing a paper about something you enjoy。If you are writing a research paper for a class, consider the other students. 38 How can you keep your paper unique and interesting if everyone is writing abo

53、ut the same thing?Ask your professor or classmates for advice, if youre struggling to come up with a “right topic. 39 Sometimes asking professors for help may seem frightening, but if they are worth anything as a professor，they want you to be successful in your work，and will do what they can to make

54、 that happen.If you choose a topic， begin researching，and realize that it isnt the right decision for you for some reason, dont worry! 40 Although it requires a bit more time, yet changing your topic will make your writing more efficient. AHave a clear picture of organization in mind.BBe courageous

55、and change it.CIs it likely that they will also be writing about your topic?DHowever, many students are discouraged by this first step.E。 Take a trip to your local library or university library.F. Choose a topic that you have very strong emotion in。G。 They are likely to have great ideas.【答案】36D37F38

56、C39G40B【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章就如何选择论文主题给了我们一些建议。36考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据上文的the first and most important step is to choose the topic可知选主题的重要性，下句提供几点建议。D项“可是很多学生在第一步就受挫”承上启下，故选D。37考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据下文的Writing about something you enjoy certainly shows in the final product， making it more likely that you will be

57、successful in writing a paper about something you enjoy可知，本段主要讲要对自己的选题有兴趣，这样才有可能写好，F项符合本段内容,故选F。38考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据上文的”consider the other students及下文的“How can you keep your paper unique and interesting if everyone is writing about the same thing”可知,论文选题要考虑到其他学生是否也会选同一话题，C项与上句并列,符合本段内容，故选C。39考查对上下文

58、的理解和推理判断能力。根据上文的“Ask your professor or classmates for advice, if youre struggling to come up with a “right topic”可知，向老师或同学寻求建议，他们可能会给你一些好的建议，故选G。40考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力.根据上文的“it isnt the right decision及下文的“changing your topic will make your writing more efficient”可知，发现选题不合适时要有足够的勇气去替换它，故选B。阅读填空【2021届江西省景

59、德镇一中高三8月月考】Hunger Is Good for YouHunger is a feeling of discomfort or weakness caused by lack of food. It is accompanied by the desire to eat.16You eat when you feel hungry. Its this feeding process that has led to some of the many health problems were experiencing today. Food timing, portion （份量)，

60、and quality contribute to weight gain。 You see， the body loves predictability。 17 Thats why an eating schedule is necessary for weight loss.18 Think of a newborn baby。 It breastfeeds every 3 to 4 hours around the clock。 Thats a perfect example of structured eating. Unfortunately， despite having a 3m