2021届高考英语一轮复习第二部分语法专项突破第一板块构建基础词法专题三冠词学案新人教版

1、2021届高考英语一轮复习第二部分语法专项突破第一板块构建基础词法专题三冠词学案新人教版2021届高考英语一轮复习第二部分语法专项突破第一板块构建基础词法专题三冠词学案新人教版PAGE 2021届高考英语一轮复习第二部分语法专项突破第一板块构建基础词法专题三冠词学案新人教版专题三冠词- 知 识 梳 理 -一、不定冠词泛指某一类人、事、物，相当于anyThe best way to learn a language is to live among its speakers. I know that the pressure to stay slim is a problem, especial

2、ly for an actress.泛指某人或某物,但不具体指明何人或何物，相当于a certain或someA John called you just now。There is a car in the yard.表示数量，有“一”的意思，相当于oneA bird in the hand is worth two in the bush.I need a student to help me。表示“每一”,相当于perThe Chinese Export Commodities Fair is held in Guangzhou twice a year.The car is travel

3、ling at 100 miles an hour.用在序数词前，表示“又一，再一”A second plan was devised and is now going forward.Please give me a second chance。抽象名词表示一个具体情况，一个具体动作Their performance became a success.Sometimes disappointment can make you feel like a failure.在一些物质名词前加不定冠词，表示“一阵，一场,一份,一种”There will be a heavy storm.I went

4、to buy a paper at the corner dairy.用在有形容词修饰的一日三餐前We just had a big supper.He has a light breakfast every morning.用在有形容词修饰的季节、日期前We had a very hot summer.We had a wonderful Sunday。与形容词比较级连用，表示“一个更的”Young men climbed on buses and fences to get a better view.In recent years， the small town has enjoyed

5、a bigger boom than ever。用在so, as， too, how等修饰的形容词之后,单数可数名词前This is too small a room for us to live in.Russian is so difficult a language for us Chinese to learn。用在such, what, many， half等词后,修饰单数可数名词He would be the last person who would do such a thing.What a beautiful flower it is！与mostadj。连用,修饰单数可数名

6、词表示“很，非常”Thats a most expensive supper。We had a most enjoyable evening here。用于同源宾语中Live a happy life.二、定冠词用在单数可数名词前，表示一类人或物The cat, as well as the dog， is a lovely creature.特指双方都知道的人或物，或再次提到上文提到过的人或物I like the novel you lent me last week.There was a chair by the window。 On the chair sat a young woma

7、n with a baby in her arms。 特指世上独一无二的事物Which is the biggest, the sun， the earth or the moon?用在某些形容词、过去分词、v.ing形式前表示一类人或物The rich should help the poor。He fired me， but, soon he was among the unemployed.The dead no longer need。 We must do something for the living, including the injured。用在序数词、最高级、only、v

8、ery、same前We made the same mistake at the same moment。You are the only one we are waiting for。We live on the twentythird floor， the highest floor of this building.用在姓氏复数形式前，表示一家人或某某夫妇The Smiths dropped in on some old friends on their vacation trip to New York.用在由某些普通名词构成的国家、机关、团体等专有名词前the Peoples Rep

9、ublic of Chinathe United Statesthe United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland用在形容词比较级前，表示“两者中较的一个”The older of the two noblemen took a light。Of the two sisters, Lily is the younger。用在世纪、年代、时期或朝代的名词前In the 1990s the area became a magnet for new investment。 We can compare the Han Dynasty to

10、the Romans。用在山河、海洋等名词前The Changjiang River rolls on eastwards。用在西洋乐器名称前She plays the violin, I mean the viola， really well.She was trying to teach him to play the guitar。用在身体部位名称前，相当于物主代词(动词sb。介词the身体部位)His jaw was broken after he was hit on the head.用在方位或发明物前,但当方位词同of短语构成方位副词短语时，其前不用冠词invent the co

11、mputer, in the east of BeijingTaiwan lies southeast of Fujian.用在表示具体的计量的名词前by the hour， by the dozen特定意义的月份、季节和中国传统节日的名词前通常加定冠词the Spring Festival， the Dragon Boat FestivalI dont like the spring of Jinan.三、零冠词的用法在专有名词、物质名词、抽象名词前Iron and steel plays an important role in industry。It is important to co

12、mbine theory with practice.复数名词泛指一类人或物或表示不定量的人或物时Computers are widely used in every field of science and technology nowadays.在星期、月份、季节和节假日前The best time to come to China is in spring or autumn.If winter comes， can spring be far behind？在称呼语前或表示独一无二的头衔、职务的名词作表语、补语、同位语时She was appointed director of the

13、 factory. Doctor, Im not feeling myself today。Im captain of the class team.表示学科、三餐、语言、棋类和球类运动的名词前The teacher often plays chess with his students after class。I think Chinese is more popular than any other subject.与by连用的交通和通讯工具前by train， by bus, by sea， by boatand连接两种身份组成的一个人或物时，后者不用冠词a worker and wri

14、ter名词前已有指示代词、物主代词、所有格等限定词时This is my address。I like this flower。as, though引导的让步状语从句中，单数可数名词作表语提至句首时Child as he is， he knows quite a lot about the history of China。四、冠词用于习惯表达含有不定冠词的习惯表达as a matter of fact， as a rule, all of a sudden， be at a loss, have a chance， have a good time， have a hand in， have

15、 a try, keep an eye on, be in a hurry, take a walk， take an interest in等I go to work by bicycle as a rule。I will have a try even though I should fail。We cant leave no one to keep an eye on things.Could we take a walk? I feel like a little exercise.Its not that difficult. As a matter of fact， its qui

16、te easy。My throat was dry. I was at a loss for words。含有定冠词的习惯表达by the way， on the whole, in the end, on the way to, tell the truth， on the right / left， be in the habit of doing sth.， on the spot, the day before yesterday， in the distance, for the time being等My opinion is on the whole the same as yo

17、urs.To tell the truth, I dont think much of your plan。The doctor was on the spot a few minutes after the accident。We suddenly saw her in the distance。The situation is calm for the time being。不含冠词的习惯表达at noon/night/dawn/midnight, at bottom， in order, in peace, at last, at present, at war， by way of，

18、day and night, without result， in trouble, in sight, from beginning to end, in advance, in danger, in case(of）, in fashion， in fact， take part in等The Prime Minister is scheduled to arrive at noon。Im so glad that weve found you at last!Day and night the waves dash against the rocks.Ive been in troubl

19、e since I was eleven years of age.It is a good idea to place your order well in advance.You have to admit that you are, in fact, in difficulties。有无冠词意义不同的习惯表达eq blc（avs4alco1(go to school 去上学,go to the school 去学校（不一定是学生)）eq blc（avs4alco1(go to bed 去睡觉,go to the bed 到床上去（不一定睡觉）eq blc（avs4alco1(in hos

20、pital 住院，in the hospital 在医院里（不一定住院）)eq blc（avs4alco1（be in charge of 负责，be in the charge of 由负责)）eq blc（avs4alco1(in office 在执政,in the office 在办公室)）eq blc(avs4alco1(in sight of 能看见,in the sight of 在看来）)eq blc（avs4alco1（out of question 毫无疑问,out of the question 不可能的）)eq blc（avs4alco1(be at table 吃饭,be at the table 坐在桌旁)）eq blc（avs4alco1（in future 今后,in the future 将来)eq blc(avs4alco1(leave college 大学毕业，leave the college 离开