2021高中英语Womenofachievement单元综合课时随堂精练含解析4

1、2020_2021学年高中英语Unit1Womenofachievement单元综合课时随堂精练含解析新人教版必修42020_2021学年高中英语Unit1Womenofachievement单元综合课时随堂精练含解析新人教版必修4PAGE 2020_2021学年高中英语Unit1Womenofachievement单元综合课时随堂精练含解析新人教版必修4Unit 1 Women of achievement1、You probably know who Marie Curie was， but you may not have heard of Rachel Carson。 Of the o

2、utstanding ladies listed below, who do you think was the most important woman of the past 100 years?Jane Addams （18601935)Anyone who has ever been helped by a social worker has Jane Addams to thank。 Addams helped the poor and worked for peace。 She encouraged a sense of community(社区） by creating shel

3、ters and promoting education and services for people in need。 In 1931, Addams became the first American woman to win the Nobel Peace Prize。Rachel Carson (19071964)If it werent for Rachel Carson， the environmental movement might not exist today。 Her popular 1962 book Silent Spring raised awareness of

4、 the dangers of pollution and the harmful effects of chemicals on humans and on the worlds lakes and oceans。Sandra Day OConnor （1930-present）When Sandra Day OConnor finished third in her class at Stanford Law School， in 1952, she could not find work at a law firm because she was a woman. She became

5、an Arizona state senator(参议员） and ，in 1981， the first woman to join the U.S. Supreme Court。 OConnor gave the deciding vote in many important cases during her 24 years on the top court.Rosa Parks （19132005)On December 1,1955, in Montgomery， Alabama, Rasa Parks would not give up her seat on a bus to a

6、 passenger。 Her simple act landed Parks in prison。 But it also set off the Montgomery bus boycott。 It lasted for more than a year, and kicked off the civilrights movement。 “The only tired I was， was tired of giving in，” said Parks。1.What is Jane Addams well-known for in history?A. Her social work。B.

7、 Her lack of proper training in law。C。 Her efforts to win a prize.D. Her community background.2。 What was the reason for OConnors being rejected by the law firm?A. Her lack of proper training in law。B. Her little work experience in court.C. The discrimination against women。D。 The poor financial cond

8、itions.3。 Who made a great contribution to the civil-rights movement in the U.S。?A. Jane Addams。 B。 Rachel Carson。 C。 Sandra Day OConnor。D. Rosa Park.4。 What can we infer about the women mentioned in the text？A. They are highly educated。 B. They are truly creative.C. They are pioneers. D。 They are p

9、eacelovers.2、I stopped to watch my little girl busy playing in her room. In one hand was a plastic phone; in the other a toy.I listened as she was speaking to her make-believe little friend。 And Pll never forget the words she said， even though it was only pretence。She said,”Suzies in the comer becau

10、se shes not been very good. She didnt listen to a word I said or do the things she should。 ” In the comer I saw her baby doll well dressed. It was obvious that shed been put there to sit alone and think.My daughter continued her ” conversation ， as I sat down on the floor。 She said, ”Pm all fed up，

11、and I just dont know what to do with her anymore. She cries whenever I have to work and wants to play games, too. She tries to help me with the dishes, but her arms just cannot reach. 。. And she doesnH know how to fold towels. I dont have the time to teach. I have a lot of work to do and a big house

12、 to keep clean. I dont have the time to sit and playdont you know what I mean？And that day I thought a lot about making some changes in my life。 As I listened to her innocent words that cut me like a knife. I hadn t been paying enough attention to what I hold most dear. Id been caught up in responsi

13、bilities that increased throughout the year.But now my attitude has changed, because， in my heart, I realize。 . 。 I ve seen the world in a different light through my little darlings eyes. So, let the cobweb (蜘蛛网） cut the comers and the dust bunnies rule the floor. I m not going to worry about keepin

14、g up with them anymore。Im going to fill the house with memories of a child and her mother.。. For we have only one childhood， and we will never get another.1.Who is Suzie?A。My girls phone.B.My girls friend.C。The author。D.A baby doll.2.How did the author feel when hearing my little girls words?A.Inter

15、ested.B.Moved.C。Uncomfortable.D.Unbelievable.3。The passage leads you to believe that。A。the little girl doesnt hate her mother any moreB.the author has become lazy because of her daughterC.the author cares nothing about her daughter s happinessD。the author wants her little girl to have a happy childh

16、ood4.What might be the best title?A。Only one childhoodB.My lovely daughterC。How to deal with my daughterD.A world of children3、Every day between 100 and 600 tonnes of rock dashes into Earths atmosphere。 The reason why so little of the great bombings make it to the planets surface is that much of it

17、is burnt up by atmospheric friction， which creates the fireball that is the visible sign of a meteors arrival。 As for the bits that do get through， once landed， they are known as meteorites(陨石).Roughly 60，000 objects of meteoritic origin have been picked up and catalogued. Most are fragments（碎片) fro

18、m a much smaller number of individual falls. Of these falls， only 36 were observed as they arrived with enough fidelity (精准性）to calculate the orbit of the original meteor before it entered the atmosphere。 If more such data were available it could， by showing where the rocks came from， cast more ligh

19、t on the composition of the solar system。 It might also help in moving orbiting spacecraft out of danger.The tracking of meteors is carried out by lots of cameras on Earth. The oldest of these is the European Fireball Network （EFN）， which dates back to 1951 and is operated by the Astronomical Instit

20、ute of the Czech Academy of Sciences. Now， the network uses 24 stateofthe-art digital cameras equipped with fisheye lenses （透镜) in 18 stations across Austria， the Czech Republic and Slovakia。 Two more stations， in Germany， are planned for later this year.The digital cameras take back-to-back photogr

21、aphs, with 35 second exposures， from dusk to dawn. Fisheye lenses allow a single exposure to cover the whole sky immediately above each camera. If more than one camera sees the same fireball-which is usually the case-that， meteors course can be triangulated (进行三角测量）, with a precision of about ten me

22、tres， by comparing the images。 This yields two valuable pieces of information。 Plotting the path backwards reveals the rocks orbit before it charged into Earths atmosphere。 Projecting it forward suggests a potential landing site。1.Why are the meteorites so small on Earth?A. They were originally smal

23、l. B。 They were fired by humans.C.They were destroyed by the air。 D。 They hit each other into pieces。2。What do we know about the meteorites？A. Most of them are mysterious。 B. Most rocks came from individual falls.C。 Few of them are fragments。 D. Their data help spacecraft move safely.3。What is about

24、 the research of a meteors orbit？A. Arrays of cameras carry it out in the air. B. Therell be digital cameras in 20 states。C。 Fisheye lenses are widely used in the world D. The research started in Czech.4。How do the digital cameras work?A.They take backto-back photographs the whole day.B。They use fis

25、heye lenses to cover the universe.C.They triangulate a meteors course individually.D。They show us where the rock came and will go。4、A new study could hold the key to learning languages， teaching children colors or even studying complex theories。The research， published in Cognitive Science， adds to t

26、he existing evidence that adults, children and students of all ages learn better when seeing an object before hearing its description。 The study builds on past research by focusing on learning in “ inconsistent environments featuring different teaching styles or distracting（使分心的）noises.For the study

27、, researchers purposely provided confusing information to copy these types of inconsistencies to subjects that were tasked to learn the names of three fictional characters“yosh,” “wug” and “niz一using two types of learning methods.The first method， “objectlabel learning, is when a student sees an obj

28、ect first and then is provided with the label（标签)。 This means seeing a color before being told its name. Or hearing a description of a physical force before hearing its formal title. The second learning procedure is “label-object learning”, the reverse order in which a student sees a label first.Sub

29、jects in the study were asked to match the pictures of the characters with their made-up names。 The results of the study indicate that students who see objects first and then hear the names process inconsistent information better than learners who hear the names first and then see the objects.Resear

30、chers found that learners tliat interact with the object before hearing the name perform “frequency increasing”the ability to process noisy， inconsistent information to identify and use the most frequent rule. For example, when teachers interchangeably use “soda” or “pop” to describe the name of a c

31、arbonated drink(碳酸饮料）, the children who use frequency increasing will learn to use the term that is used most frequently。 A key feature of frequency increasing is that learners will also use the rule more consistently than the instructor.The research team also used mathematical modeling to confirm t

32、he observations as well as provide a theoretical explanation as to why one type of learner is different from the other. “The research combines experiments with a novel mathematical modeling show thatlearners deal better with inconsistencies。1。Which of the following means learning in inconsistent env

33、ironments?A。 Being exposed in complete quietness.B. Seeing a color before being told its name.C.Being provided with confusing information.D. Matching the pictures with their formal names。2。What does the ”frequency increasing” focus on？A. Correctness。B. Variability。C。 Repeatability.D。 Standardization

34、.3.Mow does the author support the theme of the text？A。 By explaining reasons.B. By stating arguments。C.By making comparison。D. By providing research results.4.What can be a suitable title for the text？A. Order Counts while Studying SubjectsB。 Teaching Kids Calls for Different StylesC。 Language Lear

35、ning Improves with Math CombinedD。Learning Programs Benefits from Showing Pictures5、根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 We face problems in our everyday life. _Dont worry。 As long as you are breathing, you can solve problems. Be aware of the problem. First of all, it is important to know and u

36、nderstand the problem clearly. _Following questions like why， what， how， when， where and who will take you to the root cause of the problem。 Analyze the problem. Analyzing the problem will give you time to think of a proper solution. _They can be diagrams, flowcharts or lists, etc。 Plan a strategy。

37、Planning a strategy will help you waste less energy and time in attempting all the solutions。 This step includes knowing the pros and cons of applying a solution。 In this way, you can abandon the strategy that you dont find worthy to apply。 _ Leave out the information that is not required for the so

38、lving of the problem. You need to be accurate with the details. Keeping the unrelated information can sometimes complicate the simple problem as we tend to overlook the important information。 Carry out the solution. Putting the solution into effect in a correct way to get the result expected is impo

39、rtant while solving a problem. You need to be creative while actualizing a solution just in case some other problems arise while applying the solution. _A.Delete irrelevant information.B.You can use various tools to study the problem。C.Use yes or no questions to get better information。D。Knowing the

40、problem means solving half the problem itself.E.They can be social problems, relationship problems, or problems at work.F.Spend 10% of the time analyzing the problem and 90 on the solution, not the opposite。G。Being ready with alternatives is also important in case a solution works only half way.6、 O

41、ne day when I was young， our school was going to take us to pick berries（浆果）。 I was going out of the house with my basket when my father called me back. He said 1 to me，“ Harry， my boy， I want to tell you one thing。 When you find a good 2 , dont leave it to try to find a better one. The other studen

42、ts may 3 , picking one or two berries here and then one or two there. If you do as they do,you will come back with an almost 4 basket. If you want to get berries, stick to your bush！” When we were picking berries, just 5 my father had said， as soon as one of the boys found a good bush, he 6 to his c

43、ompanions（伙伴）， and they would leave their places and run off to 7 what he had found. But 8 my fathers words, I stuck to my bush. When I had done with one, I went to another and 9 that； and thenI took another。 When night came， I returned with a basketful of 10 berries,more than all the others 11 toge

44、ther; and I was not half so 12 as they were. Not long after that my father died, and I had to make my own 13 in the world as best as I could. But I never forgot the 14 taught me by that days berry picking. When I had a good place and was getting on well， I didnt spend time 15 to find a better compan

45、y. When others said,“Come with us，and we will find you something 16 to do,” I 17 and stuck to my bush. My employers took me into partnership with them in their 18 after a while。 The 19 of sticking to my business led to my success. I owe（把。归功于) all my 20 to the lesson my father taught me when he said

46、,“Stick to your bush。1。A。kindlyB.suddenlyC。sadlyD.proudly2。A.friendB.basketC。bushD。job3。A.give upB.run aboutC。settle downD.fall over4。A。uselessB。oldC.brokenD。empty5。A。asB.afterC.forD.when6。A。liedB.listenedC。calledD。walked7.A.buyB.learnC.guessD。see8.A。hearingB.ignoringC。rememberingD.wondering9.A。acce

47、ptedB。finishedC。dugD.changed10。A.smallB。badC.strangeD。nice11。A.putB.gainedC.givenD。shared12.A.afraidB。tiredC.happyD。careful13。A.styleB。ruleC。wayD。idea14。A。mottoB.opinionC.ideaD。lesson15。A.tryingB。pretendingC.promisingD。regretting16.A.rarerB。betterC.enoughD。basic17。A.recoveredB。admittedC.refusedD.exp

48、lained18.A。businessB。taskC.tripD.market19.A。chanceB。traditionC.dreamD.habit20.A。experiencesB。achievementsC.commentsD。expectations7、阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。It is important to believe in yourself。 Believe that you can do it under any circumstances， because _you believe you can, then you

49、 really will. _belief keeps you searching for answers， which means soon you will get them.Confidence is more than an attitude. It comes from knowing _(exact） where you are going and how you are going to get there。 It comes- from a strong sense of purpose. It comes from a strong commitment to take _（

50、 responsible） , rather than just letting life happen。 One way to develop self - confidence is to do the things that you fear and to get a record _（succeed） experiences behind you。Confidence is not just _（believe) you can do it。 Confidence is knowing you can do it。 Know that you are capable _completi

51、ng anything you want, and live your life with confidence.Anything can be achieved through _（determine） effort and self-confidence。 If your life is not what you want it to be, you have the power to change _， and you must make the changes step by step. Live with your goals and take action. Act with yo

52、ur own purpose， and you _（have） the life you want。8、假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及二个单词的增加、删除或修改.增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(）,并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线(）划掉.修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词.注意：1。每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;2。只允许修改10处,多者（从第11处起)不计分。 It has been three months before I left my junior high

53、school. Besides， there is one thing that Ill never forget about it。 It was my turn to give an English speech in class。 I felt worried because my poor spoken English. So I went to Miss Lee for help。 She not only encourages me， but gave me some valuable advices. And then I spent nearly two hours pract

54、ise it at home every day。 To my great joy, my speech was the great success。 It was the teachers encouragement who helped me get courage。 Through the experience, I know when we have difficulty we should never be afraid to ask other for help。9、假定你是李华,你校英文报正在征稿,题目是“The Most Impressive Woman in My Life”

55、.请你写一篇稿件,投给校英文报.内容包括：1。这位女士的特点；2。这位女士对你的影响。注意:1。词数100左右;2。可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。The Most Impressive Woman in My Life_ 答案以及解析1答案及解析：答案：1.A； 2.C； 3。D; 4.C解析：1.本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了几位著名的女性，她们在各自的领域做出了非凡的贡献。细节理解题.根据第二段首句可知她是一位社会工作者,而且获得诺贝尔和平奖.故选A.2。细节理解题.根据第四段中she could not find work at a law firm because she was a

56、woman可知，她因为是女性而被法律公司拒绝录用。故选C.3。细节理解题。根据末段倒数第二句中and kicked off the civil-rights movement可知，Rosa Parks对民权运动做出了贡献.故选D。4.推理判断题。根据文章对这几个人物的介绍可知,这些女性都是在各自的领域为社会做出贡献的先驱.故选C. 2答案及解析：答案:1.D； 2.C; 3。D; 4.A解析：1.细节理解题.根据第二中的Suzies in the coner与In the coner I saw her baby doll well dressed。可知,Suzie是女儿的布娃娃。2。推理判断

57、题。根据第四段的第二句话可推知，作者听到女儿天真的话语,心如刀割。所以C项uncomfortable不舒服的,难受的”符合语境,而不是感兴趣的感动的或”令人难以置信的”。3。推理判断题.结合文章内容尤其是最后一段可推知，作者想让女儿有一个快乐的童年.故选D。4。主旨大意题。文章从女儿的话入手,谈到这对作者的触动，最后说了作者自己的感受:要让房子充满孩子和自己母亲的回忆，因为我们每个人都只有一个童年。故选A。 3答案及解析：答案:CADB解析:1。根据题干中的meteorites so small可找到文章第 段第二句中的 “much of it is burnt up by atmospher

58、ic friction。”.由此可知，陨石在通过大气层时会与大气摩擦, 摩擦致其燃烧从而变小。故选C。2.根据文章第二段中的“If more such data were available it could,by showing where the rocks came from,cast more light on the composition of the solar system” 可知,我们对陨 石，解接少，所以它们对于我们来说是神秘的，故答案为A3.根据题干关键词 a meteors orbit 可找到文章第三 段中 ”which dates back to 1951 and i

59、s operated by the Astronomical Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences。 由 此可知，对陨石轨道的研究始于捷克，故答案为D4. 根据digital cameras找到文章最后一段，并由 “ Fisheye lenses allow a single exposure to cover the whole sky immediately above each camera。可知，人们使用数字相机来 探索宇宙.比较选项可知答案为 4答案及解析：答案:CCDA解析：1。根据文章第二段中的“The study builds o

60、n past research by focusing on learning in * inconsistent environments featuring different teaching styles or distracting (使分心的） noises。 ”以及第三段中的“For the study, researchers purposely provided confusing information to copy these types of inconsistencies lo subjects.”可知,矛庇的环境的特征之 一就是“提供一些让人产生疑惑的信息”。故选