新目标八年级英语下册知识汇总

1、清华大学英语系测试：为中小学生英语量身定做.官方网站： 清华大学英语教授50年研究成果%name%(%size%, %expiretime%)查看下载信息UNIT5 Topic1一 单词： Invite 邀请 I want to invite you to go to the party. none 无一人，无任何东西 Here was none left. moving 感动的 The movie is moving. proud 骄傲的，自豪的 Im proud of Liu Xiang. taste v:尝，品尝；n:味道 The food tastes evry good. mad 发

2、疯的，生气的 The boy went mad. express 表达，表示 The guesture expressesYes. peace 和平 we all like peace. thankful 感激的，感谢的 Tom is thankful with the help of Jane. 语法： invite sb to do sth 邀请某人做某事 invite sb to 邀请某人去（某处） say hello to sb say goodbye to sb a ticket to/for 的票，入场券 ring up 打电话给 because of 因为 cheer up 使振

3、奋起来 Whatfor=Why payfor 付钞票 come into being 产生，诞生 end with 以结尾 seem to do sth 看起来，大概 例句： You ook excited.你看起来专门兴奋。 Look+形容词 We can spend the evening at my house.我们能够在我家度过晚上。 Spend sth (in) doing sth , Spend sth on sth. Why all the smiling faces? 什么缘故大伙儿总是笑容满面？ I went to buy tickets,but there was none

4、 left.我想去买票，然而没有剩下的。 What a shame/pity! 多么惋惜！ He cant get a ticket to/for The Sound of Music. 他得不到一张音乐之声的票。 I hope everything goes well. 我希望一切顺利。 The sound of Music is one of the must poopular American movies.音乐之声是美国最流行的影片之一。 one of the most+可数 Maria taught the children to sing lively songs and perf

5、orm short,funry plays to cheer themselves up. 玛丽亚教小孩们唱的歌曲和表演生动总之，有味的发挥了自己的欢呼。 The Titanic had a accident on the way to America. 泰坦尼克号在道路上发生了一场事故。 The mother was so worried that she looked for him everywhere. 这位母亲特不着急，以至于她到处找他。 Beijing Opera is our national opera with around 200 years history. 拥有两百多年

6、历史的京剧是我们的国剧。 It come into being after 1790. 它形成于1790年。 How nice! 多好啊！ How+形容词 What a/an+形容词，What a/an+可数名词复数 The food tastes so delicious! 食物尝起来专门可口。 I feel terrible. 我觉得专门不舒服。 Guess what! 猜一猜看！ Say thanks to sb. 向某人表示感谢。 He has a fever. 他发烧了。 I hope he will ring me up. 我希望他能打电话给我。邮件处理：您%name%(%size

7、%, %expiretime%)查看下载信息UNIT5 Topic2 单词： baddly adv:坏，恶劣地 She did badly in the Enlish exam. experience n:经历，经验 They may have unhappy feelings after some bad experience. suggestion n:建议 Can you give your suggestions to me? normal adj:正常的 It is normal to feel sad when something bad happens to us. strang

8、er n:外地人 Im a stranger here. accept v:同意 My classmates dont accept me. carefully adv:认真地 Helen is as carefully as Maria. clap v:拍手 Lets clap our hands. elder adj:年纪较大的 He has an elder brother. hit v:撞，击中 There is a car hitting a cat. though conj:尽管 Though I have much money,I am not happy. 短语： at one

9、s age 在某人的年龄 You father began to work at your age. at the age of 在岁时 At the age of seven,he could swim. in ones twenties/thiries 在某人二十几岁/三十几岁 A man in his thirties. happen to do sth 碰巧干某事 I happened to meet her on my way home. whats more 更有甚者 Whats more,it seems that my cassmates dont accept me. fit

10、 in 被他人同意 Ill learn to fit in soon. even tough/if 即使 Ill help you,even though/if I dont sleep for a night. notany longer=no longer 不再 He doesnt live in Beijing any longer. cheer sb up 让 某人振作 Im sending this e-card to cheer you up. take it easy 不紧张 Take it easy and dont be too strict with yourself. g

11、et angry 变的生气 He gets angry because he lost his pen. feel upset 感到苦恼 She feels upset,because her son was ill. talk with sb 于某人交谈 Why not talk with other about it. take pat in 参加 Taking part in actinvities is good for you. deal with 解决 How to deal with them,do you know? in public 当众 Maria speaks in p

12、ublic,her face always turms red. calm down 平静 Calm down an relax. fall asleep 入睡 He is so boring,I almost fall asleep when hes talking to me. 语法： seem to do sth 大概 He seems to know the secret. seem+adj 看来 Jane seems worried. be strict with sb 对某人要求严格 They were always very stict with their chaldren.

13、be strict about/in sth Shes evry strict about things like homework. beworried about 对感到担心 She is so worried about her exam. fail to do sth 失败，未能（做到） Doctors failed to save the girls life. be/get used to (doing)sth 适应于（做）某事 I am used to getting up early./He cant get used to the weather here. as+形容词/副

14、词原级as+比较对象（表示两者在某一方面程度相同） I am as tall as my father. He runs as fast as Tom. not as/so+形容词/副词原级as+比较对象（表示某人或某物在某一方面不如另一个人或另一物） Jim doesnt study as/so hard as Helen. refuse to do sth 拒绝(做)某事 How could he refuse to do the work. refuse sb/sth 拒绝某人/某事 He refused my offer. thank you for doing sth 感谢做某事 T

15、hank you for helping me. why dont you=why not+do 什么缘故不 Why dont you/not talk to someone when you feel sad? be afraid of doing sth 可怕做某事 The girl is afraid of speaking in public.UNIT5 Topic3邮件处理：您%name%(%size%, %expiretime%)查看下载信息单词： 1.affect 阻碍 Many things can affect our feelings. 2.put on 表演，上映 3.g

16、et along/on with 与.相处 Your mother gets along well with her workmates. 4.especially 特不，尤其 Sometimes it makes me feel sad,especially when the full moon is hanging in the sky on Mid-autumn Festival. 5.try out 试，试验 We can try out different colors if we arent feeling our best. 6.noise 噪声 noisy 喧闹的 7.deci

17、sion 决定 decide 下决心 词组： 1.feel nervous 感动紧张 It makes me feel nervous. 2.in turn 依次，轮流 They spoke in turn at the meeting. 3.in a good mood 心情良好 in a bad mood 心情糟糕 in good health 健康状况良好 4.play with. 和.玩耍，玩弄 5.on the/ones way(to) .在去.路上 On his way to school. 6.in high spirits 情绪高昂的，精力充沛的 in low spirits

18、情绪低落的 7.think over 认真考虑，慎重考虑 He would like more time to think things over. 语法： 1.How long have you felt like this?=How long have you been like this? 你像如此差不多多久了？ 2.cant 表否定推测 He cant be at home. must 表确信推测 Maria must be at home because the light is on. 3.follow ones advice 采纳建议，现在的follow可用take替换 He r

19、efused to follow/take our advice. 4.take turns to do sth 轮流做某事 We take turns to clean the classroom. 5.Let sb.do sth 让/同意某人走某事 Lets make a plan. 6.get along/on 生活，进展，进行 How are you getting along/on? 7.try on 试穿，试戴 Try the shoes on before you buy them. 8.get back to sth 接着某事 Lets get back to the main

20、 point of the discussion. 9.a sense of. .的感受 It will help you bring back a sence of happiness.UNIT6 Topic1邮件处理：您%name%(%size%, %expiretime%)查看下载信息词组： 1.spring field trip 春游 Were going a spring field trip. 2.go on a visit to . 去.参观，旅游 We will go on a two-day visit to Mount Tai. 3.make the decision 做决

21、定 Lets make the decision together. 4.find out 了解 Cao chong wanted to find out the weight of the elephant. 5.decide on 决定 Im 18 now,i have right to decide my on future. 6.raise money 筹钞票 It is very common to raise money in Canadian and American schools. 7. make a reservation 预定 I want to make a room

22、reseruation. 8.work out 计算 Jane is helping Helen work out the lost of the trip. e up with 赶上 You start fitst,walk on and Ill come up with you soon. 10.look farward to 期待 We are looking forward to your visit.11.hear form 收到.来信 I heard form Mike yesterday. 12.as soon as 一.就. As soon as he comes, Ill t

23、ell him. 13.places of interest 名胜古迹 We can visit some places of interest together. 14.the sea of clouds We saw the sunrese and the sea of on Mount Tai and visited Dai Temple in the daytime. 15.the whole night=all the night 整个晚上 It took us almost the whole night to get to Wanghai Stone.笔记 1.have sth

24、to do. I have some exciting news to tell you. 2.plan decide to do sth He decidedplaned to stay and look after his mother. 3.主语+be+adj+to do sth. Its hard to say. 4.主语（物)+cost+钞票. It costs $700. 主语（物)+take+人+时刻+to do sth It took us the whole night to go to Beijing. 主语（人)+spend+时刻+(in)doting sth He sp

25、ent two hours in play basketball. 主语（人)+paid+钞票+for+物 I paid $100 for shoes.动词不定式： I have some exciting news to tell you.(当定语）Its hard to say. (当定语） I want to make a room reservation. （当主语) The best way to raise money is to sell newspapers. （当宾语） Why dont we have a show to raise money?（当定语，当表语） Kang

26、kang helped us (to) book the train tickets. （当宾语补足语）UNIT6 Topic2邮件处理：您%name%(%size%, %expiretime%)查看下载信息短语： 1.receive sth from sb 收到某人的东西 Ireceive the new bike from my parents. 这辆自行车是我父母给我的。 2.be busy doing sth 忙于做某事 Im busy preparing for zhong kao these days. 这些天我忙于为中考做预备。 3.while/when 时刻状语从句 I was

27、 doing homework while he was sleeping in class. 当他在课堂上睡觉时，我正在做作业。 We were talking loudly when Mr.liu came in. 当刘老师走进来时我们正在大声的讲话。 4.make sure 确保弄清晰 Make sure all the windows are closed before you leave. 离开之前确保因此的窗户都关上了。 5.by the way 顺便问一下 By the way ,where is the shop?顺便问一下，商店在哪里? 6.two hours and a h

28、alf=two and a half hours 两个半小时 It takes two hours and a half on foot to get there.=It takes two and a half hours walk to get there. 走路到那儿需要两个半小时。 7.in/to/on in: Taiwan is in the southeast of china. 台湾在中国的东南部（在内部） to: Taiwan is to the east of Fujian. 台湾在福建的东部。（不接壤） on:Henan is on the nouth of Hubei.

29、河南在湖北的北部。（接壤） 8.be surprised at 对.感到惊奇 He is surprised at dragons. 他对龙感到惊奇。 9.be full of=be filled with 充满. This hold is filled with water. 那个坑里充满了水。 10.be satisfied with sb 对某人感到中意 My parents are satisfied with me. 我的父母对我感到中意。 11.cant help doing 忍不住做某事 I feel very bored,so I cant help talking in cl

30、ass. 我觉得专门无聊，因此忍不住在课堂上讲话。 12.shout at 大喊大叫 You dont shout at me. 你不能够对我大喊大叫。 13.out of sight 看不见，在视野之外。 At last,we find he was out of sight. 最后，我们发觉他差不多不见了。 14.have fun doing sth 享受做某事，做某事专门有味。 We are having fun playing basketball. 我们正享受着打篮球 。15.ask sb for help 向某人查找关心。 If you have trouble,you can a

31、sk teachers for help. 假如你有困难，能够向老师寻求关心。重点句型： 1.while you were enjoying you trip.I was busy preparing for my exams. 你在愉快的游戏时，我正忙于预备考试。 2.It would be great fun. 那会专门有味的。 3.Could you tell me something about the Ming Tombs? 你能告诉我一些关于十三陵的事吗？ 4.The Tombs spread over an area of 40km. 十三陵占地四十平方千米。 5.They su

32、rveyed the area to make sure their tombs faced south and had mountains at the back. 他们认真勘察了整个区域，确保陵墓坐北朝南，而且背靠群山。 6.Its about two and a half hours by bike. 骑自行车大约需要两个半小时。 7.Maoling lies to the . of Tailing. 茂陵位于泰陵. 8.,they walked through the passage into Dingling and were surprised at the wonders. 他们

33、穿过通道进入定陵，对这些奇观感到专门惊奇 9.As they were exploring happing,the crowd of people become larger and larger. 当他们快乐的参观时，拥挤的人群越来越大。 10.Someone stepped on Darrens toes while the crowd was pushing him in all direction. 人群从四面八方挤来时，有人踩了达伦的脚。 11.When Darren finally pushed his way out,he noticed his firends were bot

34、h out of sight. 最后当达伦注意这条路时，他发觉他的朋友都不见了。 12.He didnt raise his head until someone called him. 直到有个人叫他时他才抬起头。 13.As soon as the three boys saw each other,they all jump up happily. 这三个男孩一看到对方，都快乐的跳起来。 14.Please e-mail me soon. 请尽快给我发邮件。 15.We couldnt help playing with them. 我们忍不住和他们玩了起来。 16.Im very sa

35、tisfied with everything in china. 我对中国的每件事都感到专门中意。17.In the old days,common people like us had to get off their horse and walk. 古时候，像我们如此的一般人不得不下马步行。UNIT7 Topic1一、单词 successful adj. 成功的，有成就的. try ones best 尽某人的最大努力例句：Lets try our best to make it successful.翻译：让我们尽最大的努力使它成功.imagine v. 想象例句：I imagine

36、(that) a lot of people will come to the party.翻译：我想将会有专门多人来到那个聚会.soup 汤 n. 汤 biscuits n. 饼干 pancake n. 薄煎饼例句：I think they need to cook soup/ make biscuits/ make pancakes.翻译：我想她们需要煮汤/做饼干/做薄煎饼.westem adj. 西方的,西部的例句：I think a lot of students will buy westem food.翻译：我想许多学生会买西方的食物.Indian adj. 印度人的 Russia

37、n adj. 俄国的例句：I plan to cook Indian curries./ Russian black bread.翻译：我打算做印度的咖喱食品/俄国的黑面包supply n. 日常用品 vn. 供给,供应例句：It has only o few school supplies.翻译：它只有一点点学校供给.二、重点词组 chat with sb. 与某人谈天.例句：Ill chat with Jane on the Internet to get more information about him.翻译：我会和简在网上谈天了解更多关于他的信息. have a sweet too

38、th. 爱吃甜食例句：I have a sweet tooth ,and I think a lot of students will bug western food such as American chocolate cookies and Greek cheese pies.翻译：我喜爱吃甜食,我认为许多学生会买像美国巧克力饼干,希腊奶油派如此的西方食物. later on 过后,以后例句：I will send you an e-mail later on.翻译：我过后会给你发邮件. hold on 等一等(不挂电话)例句：A：Hello！Extension six zero zer

39、o six, please. B: OK! Hold on, please.翻译：A：你好！请呼叫6006. B：好的，请等一等！ be pleased with 对感到中意、快乐例句：Im very pleased with what you are doing for us.翻译：你为我们做的一切我感到特不中意. come true 变成现实例句：Lets make his dream come true.翻译：让我们使他梦想成真.三、重点句型 I know that he is a Canadian athlete. 我明白他是一位加拿大运动员. 此举含有一个由that引导的宾语从句.并

40、与从句是指充当宾语的句子.当陈述句充当宾语时,由that来引 导,that在口语或非正式文体中常省略.如：I believe we will win the game next time. 我相信下次我们会赢得这项竞赛. Mmm, shall we have a food festival to raise money for his school ? 嗯,我们举办一次美食节来为他的学校筹款好吗? have/hold/organize a food festival 举办美食节 I will turn to our teachers. 我向老师们求助. turn to sb = ask sb

41、for help 向某人求助.如：Jim is going to turn to his parents.= Jim is going to ask his parents for help. 吉姆打算向他的父母求助 I will think about how to organize the food festival. 我将认真考虑如何组织美食节. how to organize 在句子中作宾语.有些动词,如：know, ask, decide, understand, show, find out, think about, remember等后面常用带疑问词的不定式作宾语.即：who/

42、whom/how/where/what/when + to do sth.如：I dont know who to ask. 我不明白该问谁. Do you remember what to do ? 你记住该做什么了吗? 此外,疑问词+不定式在句中可作主语、表语.如：How to use the computer is a question. 如何样使用计算机是一个问题.Lets try our best to make it successful. 让我们尽最大努力使它成功. try ones best (to do sth) = do ones best (to do sth) 意思为“

43、尽(某人)最大努力做某事”如：She tried/ did her best to solve the problem. 她尽了最大努力以解决那个问题. Whats more, Im sure that selling fried rice and dumplings will make a lot of money. 而且,我确实卖炒饭和水饺会挣到许多钞票. whats more 意为“而且,更重要的是”,表示更进一步.如：He enjoyed the meal, and whats more, he ate up all the food. 他喜爱这顿饭,而且吃光了所有的食物. Thats

44、 good enough. 那就够好了. enough 在那个地点作副词,意为“足够(地)”,修饰形容词或副词时，放在形容词或副词之后.如：She is not old enough to join the army. 她年龄不够大,不能参军. enough 作形容词时,意为“足够的”,修饰名词时,放在复数名词或不可数名词之前.如：I have enough money to buy a coat. 我有足够的钞票买一件外套. We student will sell many delicious international foods in order to raise money for

45、a village school in Nigeria. 为了给尼日利亚一所乡村学校筹款,我们学生将出售许多美味的国际食品. In order to do sth. 意为“为了做某事”,它引导动词不定式短语在剧中作目的状语,可放在句首,也可放在句 末,其否定形式为in order to not to do sth. 意为“以免做某事”.如：He went to the hall early in order to get a good seat. 他专门早就去了大厅,以便能找到一个好座位. Jim put on his coat in order to not to catch a cold.

46、 吉姆穿上大衣,以免感冒. In order to catch up with her mother, the girl asked her to walk slowly. 那个女孩要她母亲走慢点,以便能赶上她. when，while，as显然都能够引导时刻状语从句，但用法区不特不大。 一、when能够和连续性动词连用，也能够和短暂性动词连用；而while和as只能和连续性动词连用。 Why do you want a new job when youve got such a good one already？（get为短暂性动词）你差不多找到如此好的工作，为何还想再找新的？ Sorry，I

47、 was out when you called me（call为短暂性动词）对不起，你打电话时我刚好外出了。 Strike while the iron is hot（is为连续性动词，表示一种持续的状态）趁热打铁。 The students took notes as they listened（listen为连续性动词）学生们边听课边做笔记。 二、when从句的谓语动词能够在主句谓语动作之前、之后或同时发生；while和as从句的谓语动作必须是和主句谓语动作同时发生。 1从句动作在主句动作前发生，只用 when。 When he had finished his homework，he

48、took a short rest（finished先发生）当他完成作业后，他休息了一会儿。 When I got to the airport，the guests had left（got to后发生）当我赶到飞机场时，客人们差不多离开了。 2从句动作和主句动作同时发生，且从句动作为连续性动词时，when，while，as都可使用。 When While As we were dancing，a stranger came in（dance为连续性动词）当我们跳舞时，一位陌生人走了进来。 When While As she was making a phonecall，I was writ

49、ing a letter（make为连续性动词）当她在打电话时，我正在写信。 3当主句、从句动作同时进行，从句动作的时刻概念淡化，而要紧表示主句动作发生的背景或条件时，只能用 as。这时，as 常表示“随着”；“一边，一边”之意。 As the time went on，the weather got worse（as表示“随着”之意） The atmosphere gets thinner and thinner as the height increases随着高度的增加，大气越来越稀薄。 As years go by，China is getting stronger and riche

50、r随着时刻一年一年过去，中国变得越来越富强了。 The little girls sang as they went小小姐们一边走，一边唱。 The sad mother sat on the roadside，shouting as she was crying难过的妈妈坐在路边，边哭边叫。 4在今后时从句中，常用when，且从句须用一般时代替今后时。 You shall borrow the book when I have finished reading it在我读完这本书后，你能够借阅。 When the manager comes here for a visit next wee

51、k，Ill talk with him about this下周，经理来这参观时，我会和他谈谈此事。 三、when用于表示“一就”的句型中（指过去的情况）。 sbhad hardly（scarcely） done sthwhenHardly Scarcely had sbdone sthwhen I had hardly scarcely closed my eyes when someone knocked at the doorHardly Scarcely had I closed my eyes when someone knocked at the door我刚一闭上眼，就有人在敲门

52、了。 I had hardly scarcely entered my room when the telephone rangHardly Scarcely had I entered my room when the telephone rang我刚一走进房门，电话就响了 as用法小结 一）as作副词，表示程度，意为“同样地”。在“asas”，“not asas”结构中的第一个as是副词，作“和与(不)一样”解。eg： Jack is as tall as his father杰克和他的父亲一样高。 He doesnt speak English asso fluently as you他

53、的英语讲得不如你流利。 二）as作介词。 1作“如，像”解。eg： They got united as one man他们团结得像一个人一样。 2作“充当，作为”解。eg： As a writer，he was famous作为作家，他是专门有名的。 三）as作连词，常用来连接主句和状语从句。 1引导时刻状语从句，作“当的时候”解，有“随着”之意，与while意义相近，强调两个动作同时发生；或某事一发生，另一事立即发生。eg： He shouted aloud as her ran along他一边往前跑，一边高声地呼喊。 I was startled as he opened the do

54、or他一开门，我吓了一跳。 as作连词，相当于when。eg； As a little boy (When he was a little boy)he began to learn to play piano他小时候就开始学弹钢琴。 2引导缘故状语从句，作“因为，由于”解，与because的用法相近。eg； I must stop writing now，as I have rather a lot of work to do我必须停笔了，因为我还有许多工作要做。 3引导方式状语从句或比较状语从句，作“正如，(如)像”解。例eg： As in your country，we grow whe

55、at in the north and rice in the south正如(像)你们国家一样，我们在北方种小麦，在南方种大米。(方式状语从句) When at Rome，do as Romans do入乡随俗。(方式状语从句) 4引导让步状语从句，作“尽管，尽管”解。这时从句常用倒装语序，即把从句中的表语、状语或动词原形放在as之前。eg； Strange as it may seem，it is true尽管这事看上去专门惊奇，但却是确实。 Try as he might，Tom could not get out of the difficulties不管如何样努力，汤姆依旧摆脱不了困

56、境。 四）as作关系代词。 1引导限制性定语从句，用在“suchas”,“the sameas”，“asas”等结构中，常译作“像一样的人(或物)”，“凡是的人(或物)”。例eg： He wished to be such a man as Lei Feng was他曾希望做一个像雷锋那样的人。 My hometown is no longer the same as it was我的家乡再也不像过去一样了。 2引导非限制性定语从句，用来指代它前面的整个句子(即先行句)，意思是“这一点”。那个分句能够位于句首、句中或句末。eg： As is well known，oceans cover mo

57、re than 70 of the earth我们明白，海洋占地球面积的百分之七十以上。 五）含as的固定词组的用法 1as soon as作“一就”解，引导时刻状语从句。eg： As soon as I get to Beijing，Ill write to you我一到北京，就给你写信。 2asso long as作“只要”解，eg； AsSo long as you study hard，youll make progress只要你努力，你就会取得进步。 3as ifthough常用来引导方式状语从句，作“看起来，仿佛”解。假如从句中讲的是非真实情况，则用虚拟语气。eg： She lov

58、es the child as ifthough he were her own她爱那个小孩如同爱自己的小孩。 As ifthough也可用来引导表语从句，常用在“It appearslooksseems+as ifthough”句型结构中。eg； It appears as ifthough it is going to clear up看起来天要晴了。 It seems as ifthough he knew nothing about it.他看起来对此事一无所知。 4as to作“关于，至于”解。eg； There is no doubt as to his honesty他的老实是无

59、可置疑的。 5as muchmany as作“多达”，“达到之多”解。eg： He can earn as much as 5000 dollars a month他每月能挣5000美元。 6soas far as I know作“就我所知”解，在句中作插入语。eg： AsSo far as I know，he will come here next Monday据我所知，他将于下星期一到那个地点来。 7as a result，as a result of表示“由于的结果”。eg： She died as a direct result of the accident她的死是那次事故的直接结果

60、。 8，as well为“也，还”之意。eg： Come early，and bring your brother as well早点来，把你的弟弟也带来。 9so as to，soas to若跟动词原形，表示目的或结果。eg： 清华大学英语系测试：为中小学生英语量身定做.官方网站： 清华大学英语教授研究组提供谈任务型语言教学模式在小学英语教学中的运用堡镇小学 宋飞飞从70年代中期，国外就开始了对英语作为第二语言或外语学习策略的研究，研究结果显示，英语学习策略的使用对学习者学习能力的培养以及学习成绩的提高均有一定的促进作用。“任务型教学”(task-basedlearning，简称TBL)确实