英文科技论文写作.经典常用例句

1、.wd.wd.wd.经典常用例句目 录 TOC o 1-3 h z u HYPERLINK l _Toc166506789经典常用例句 PAGEREF _Toc166506789 h 1HYPERLINK l _Toc166506790目录 PAGEREF _Toc166506790 h 1HYPERLINK l _Toc166506791说明 PAGEREF _Toc166506791 h 5HYPERLINK l _Toc166506792常用动词 PAGEREF _Toc166506792 h 6HYPERLINK l _Toc166506793一、中性词 PAGEREF _Toc166

2、506793 h 6HYPERLINK l _Toc1665067941.文章等给出、研究、建设、提出、提供 PAGEREF _Toc166506794 h 6HYPERLINK l _Toc1665067952.由得到、得出、得到结论等 PAGEREF _Toc166506795 h 6HYPERLINK l _Toc1665067963.集中、侧重、强调、注重、聚焦、着重、投精力于 PAGEREF _Toc166506796 h 6HYPERLINK l _Toc1665067974.用、使用、应用、采用、采取 PAGEREF _Toc166506797 h 7HYPERLINK l _T

3、oc1665067985.构造、形成、构成、由构成、由组成 PAGEREF _Toc166506798 h 8HYPERLINK l _Toc1665067996.覆盖、包括 PAGEREF _Toc166506799 h 8HYPERLINK l _Toc1665068007.包含、包括、涉及 PAGEREF _Toc166506800 h 8HYPERLINK l _Toc1665068018.认为、发现、观察 PAGEREF _Toc166506801 h 9HYPERLINK l _Toc1665068029.基于、建设在根基上 PAGEREF _Toc166506802 h 10HY

4、PERLINK l _Toc16650680310.在于 PAGEREF _Toc166506803 h 10HYPERLINK l _Toc16650680411.放、置于 PAGEREF _Toc166506804 h 10HYPERLINK l _Toc16650680512.影响 PAGEREF _Toc166506805 h 10HYPERLINK l _Toc16650680613.考虑、考虑到 PAGEREF _Toc166506806 h 11HYPERLINK l _Toc16650680714.回到、追溯、回归、回忆 PAGEREF _Toc166506807 h 11HY

5、PERLINK l _Toc16650680815.寻求、打算 PAGEREF _Toc166506808 h 11HYPERLINK l _Toc16650680916.确定、决定、作决定 PAGEREF _Toc166506809 h 11HYPERLINK l _Toc16650681017.刻画、描述、表述、描绘、表达、陈述 PAGEREF _Toc166506810 h 12HYPERLINK l _Toc16650681118.指示、显示、说明、指出、指明、标明 PAGEREF _Toc166506811 h 12HYPERLINK l _Toc16650681219.意味着、推断

6、、暗示、建议 PAGEREF _Toc166506812 h 12HYPERLINK l _Toc16650681320.描述、刻画、理解 PAGEREF _Toc166506813 h 12HYPERLINK l _Toc16650681421.需要指出的是、需要强调的是、需要注意的是 PAGEREF _Toc166506814 h 13HYPERLINK l _Toc16650681522.推荐、建议、劝告 PAGEREF _Toc166506815 h 13HYPERLINK l _Toc16650681623.展示、表现、展现 PAGEREF _Toc166506816 h 13HYP

7、ERLINK l _Toc16650681724.控制、管理、监管、安排 PAGEREF _Toc166506817 h 13HYPERLINK l _Toc16650681825.使得 PAGEREF _Toc166506818 h 13HYPERLINK l _Toc16650681926.扩展、拓展、扩张 PAGEREF _Toc166506819 h 13HYPERLINK l _Toc16650682027.改变、变更、变化、修改 PAGEREF _Toc166506820 h 14HYPERLINK l _Toc16650682128.奉献、占据、捐献 PAGEREF _Toc16

8、6506821 h 14HYPERLINK l _Toc16650682229.持续、维持 PAGEREF _Toc166506822 h 14HYPERLINK l _Toc16650682330.近似、逼近 PAGEREF _Toc166506823 h 14HYPERLINK l _Toc16650682431.接近、接触、进入 PAGEREF _Toc166506824 h 14HYPERLINK l _Toc16650682532.成为 PAGEREF _Toc166506825 h 14HYPERLINK l _Toc16650682633.趋势、趋向、潮流、开展变化方向 PAGE

9、REF _Toc166506826 h 15HYPERLINK l _Toc166506827二、褒义词 PAGEREF _Toc166506827 h 15HYPERLINK l _Toc1665068281.保证、确保、担保 PAGEREF _Toc166506828 h 15HYPERLINK l _Toc1665068292.澄清、解释、解释为 PAGEREF _Toc166506829 h 15HYPERLINK l _Toc1665068303.证明、证实、演示、例证 PAGEREF _Toc166506830 h 15HYPERLINK l _Toc1665068314.尽、尽量

10、、尽力、尽可能的 PAGEREF _Toc166506831 h 16HYPERLINK l _Toc1665068325.努力、尝试 PAGEREF _Toc166506832 h 16HYPERLINK l _Toc1665068336.给出、提出、提供、给予、供给 PAGEREF _Toc166506833 h 16HYPERLINK l _Toc1665068347.能、使能、能够、有能力 PAGEREF _Toc166506834 h 17HYPERLINK l _Toc1665068358.增加、增长、增强、加强 PAGEREF _Toc166506835 h 17HYPERLIN

11、K l _Toc1665068369.胜过、超过、比多 PAGEREF _Toc166506836 h 17HYPERLINK l _Toc16650683710.水平、有水平、高水平 PAGEREF _Toc166506837 h 18HYPERLINK l _Toc16650683811.有、享有、允许有、拥有、具有、带有 PAGEREF _Toc166506838 h 18HYPERLINK l _Toc16650683912.(对)起作用、有效、运行执行良好 PAGEREF _Toc166506839 h 19HYPERLINK l _Toc16650684013.优化 PAGEREF

12、 _Toc166506840 h 19HYPERLINK l _Toc16650684114.支持、赞成、推荐、喜欢、更喜欢 PAGEREF _Toc166506841 h 19HYPERLINK l _Toc16650684215.期待、期望、指望、有望、有希望 PAGEREF _Toc166506842 h 20HYPERLINK l _Toc16650684316.提高、改进、有利于、开展、安康运行 PAGEREF _Toc166506843 h 20HYPERLINK l _Toc16650684417.进展、执行、实现、贯彻、完成 PAGEREF _Toc166506844 h 20

13、HYPERLINK l _Toc16650684518.解决、抑制、突破、防止 PAGEREF _Toc166506845 h 21HYPERLINK l _Toc16650684619.使简单容易、简洁、简便、方便、简单 PAGEREF _Toc166506846 h 22HYPERLINK l _Toc16650684720.优点、利益、好处 PAGEREF _Toc166506847 h 22HYPERLINK l _Toc16650684821.有价值、具有理论价值、应用价值工程应用、价值 PAGEREF _Toc166506848 h 23HYPERLINK l _Toc166506

14、849常用名词 PAGEREF _Toc166506849 h 23HYPERLINK l _Toc166506850一、中性词 PAGEREF _Toc166506850 h 23HYPERLINK l _Toc166506851I.单纯性名词 PAGEREF _Toc166506851 h 23HYPERLINK l _Toc166506852II.动词的名词形式 PAGEREF _Toc166506852 h 23HYPERLINK l _Toc166506853III.动名词 PAGEREF _Toc166506853 h 23HYPERLINK l _Toc166506854二、褒义

15、词 PAGEREF _Toc166506854 h 23HYPERLINK l _Toc166506855I.单纯性名词 PAGEREF _Toc166506855 h 23HYPERLINK l _Toc166506856II.动词的名词形式 PAGEREF _Toc166506856 h 24HYPERLINK l _Toc166506857III.动名词 PAGEREF _Toc166506857 h 24HYPERLINK l _Toc166506858三、贬义词 PAGEREF _Toc166506858 h 24HYPERLINK l _Toc166506859I.单纯性名词 PA

16、GEREF _Toc166506859 h 24HYPERLINK l _Toc166506860II.动词的名词形式 PAGEREF _Toc166506860 h 24HYPERLINK l _Toc166506861III.动名词 PAGEREF _Toc166506861 h 24HYPERLINK l _Toc166506862常用连词 PAGEREF _Toc166506862 h 24HYPERLINK l _Toc166506863一、比、象、如、连联 PAGEREF _Toc166506863 h 24HYPERLINK l _Toc1665068641.象、如、例如、正如

17、PAGEREF _Toc166506864 h 24HYPERLINK l _Toc1665068652.联系、相关、联合、连接、关联、关系 PAGEREF _Toc166506865 h 24HYPERLINK l _Toc1665068663.相似、类似、与一样相似 PAGEREF _Toc166506866 h 25HYPERLINK l _Toc1665068674.比、比较、比照 PAGEREF _Toc166506867 h 26HYPERLINK l _Toc1665068685.比好，优于、超过、比高、不亚于 PAGEREF _Toc166506868 h 27HYPERLIN

18、K l _Toc1665068696.比差、不如、不比好、比少 PAGEREF _Toc166506869 h 28HYPERLINK l _Toc166506870二、因为、为了、所以、目标、观点、角度 PAGEREF _Toc166506870 h 28HYPERLINK l _Toc1665068711.因为、由于、鉴于、归功于、归因于 PAGEREF _Toc166506871 h 28HYPERLINK l _Toc1665068722.因此，所以 PAGEREF _Toc166506872 h 29HYPERLINK l _Toc1665068733.为、为了、为了目的 PAGER

19、EF _Toc166506873 h 29HYPERLINK l _Toc1665068744.目标、目的 PAGEREF _Toc166506874 h 30HYPERLINK l _Toc1665068755.从观点来看、从角度讲、在意义下、以意义来看 PAGEREF _Toc166506875 h 30HYPERLINK l _Toc166506876常用短语/习语、常用副词/介词 PAGEREF _Toc166506876 h 30HYPERLINK l _Toc1665068771.在的前沿，在领域 PAGEREF _Toc166506877 h 30HYPERLINK l _Toc

20、1665068782.在框架内 PAGEREF _Toc166506878 h 30HYPERLINK l _Toc1665068793.事先、预先、先于、在以前、先前的、在前的 PAGEREF _Toc166506879 h 31HYPERLINK l _Toc1665068804.适合于、适用于、可行的 PAGEREF _Toc166506880 h 31HYPERLINK l _Toc1665068815.重要的、有用的、本质的、关键的、有益的、作为工具的 PAGEREF _Toc166506881 h 31HYPERLINK l _Toc1665068826.剩余的、其余的、剩下的 P

21、AGEREF _Toc166506882 h 32HYPERLINK l _Toc1665068837.详细的、详细地 PAGEREF _Toc166506883 h 32HYPERLINK l _Toc1665068848.以速度、顺序、尺寸、步长、字体等等 PAGEREF _Toc166506884 h 32HYPERLINK l _Toc1665068859.就而言、从方面来看、在方面 PAGEREF _Toc166506885 h 32HYPERLINK l _Toc16650688610.倾向于、易于 PAGEREF _Toc166506886 h 32HYPERLINK l _To

22、c16650688711.可承受的、能承受的 PAGEREF _Toc166506887 h 32HYPERLINK l _Toc16650688812.直接的、直截了当的、显然的、平凡的、容易的 PAGEREF _Toc166506888 h 33HYPERLINK l _Toc16650688913.可利用的、可获得的、空闲的 PAGEREF _Toc166506889 h 33HYPERLINK l _Toc16650689014.上半局部、下半局部、左右上部、左右下部 PAGEREF _Toc166506890 h 33HYPERLINK l _Toc16650689115.稍微的地、

23、稍稍的地、稍许 PAGEREF _Toc166506891 h 34HYPERLINK l _Toc16650689216.显然、明显的 PAGEREF _Toc166506892 h 34HYPERLINK l _Toc16650689317.大量的、丰富的 PAGEREF _Toc166506893 h 34HYPERLINK l _Toc16650689418.怎样、怎么 PAGEREF _Toc166506894 h 34HYPERLINK l _Toc16650689519.无论如何、不管如何、无论何事 PAGEREF _Toc166506895 h 34HYPERLINK l _T

24、oc166506896语法及特殊构造、用法 PAGEREF _Toc166506896 h 34HYPERLINK l _Toc1665068971.现在分词的用法 PAGEREF _Toc166506897 h 34HYPERLINK l _Toc1665068982.过去分词的用法 PAGEREF _Toc166506898 h 36HYPERLINK l _Toc1665068993.不定式的用法：作宾语、作后置定语 PAGEREF _Toc166506899 h 38HYPERLINK l _Toc1665069004.缩写、略写、省略句 PAGEREF _Toc166506900 h

25、 38HYPERLINK l _Toc1665069015.特殊符号的用法 PAGEREF _Toc166506901 h 39HYPERLINK l _Toc1665069026.特殊句式 PAGEREF _Toc166506902 h 40HYPERLINK l _Toc1665069037.特殊语法构造：独立主格构造、虚拟语气等等 PAGEREF _Toc166506903 h 41HYPERLINK l _Toc166506904负面表述 PAGEREF _Toc166506904 h 42HYPERLINK l _Toc166506905一、否认形式 PAGEREF _Toc1665

26、06905 h 42HYPERLINK l _Toc1665069061.Not及No的形式否认 PAGEREF _Toc166506906 h 42HYPERLINK l _Toc1665069072.介词意义否认 PAGEREF _Toc166506907 h 43HYPERLINK l _Toc1665069083.动词意义否认 PAGEREF _Toc166506908 h 44HYPERLINK l _Toc1665069094.短语意义否认 PAGEREF _Toc166506909 h 44HYPERLINK l _Toc1665069105.形容词短语意义否认 PAGEREF

27、_Toc166506910 h 45HYPERLINK l _Toc1665069116.形容词、副词及其比较级意义否认 PAGEREF _Toc166506911 h 45HYPERLINK l _Toc1665069127.前缀及后缀否认 PAGEREF _Toc166506912 h 45HYPERLINK l _Toc1665069138.连词意义否认 PAGEREF _Toc166506913 h 46HYPERLINK l _Toc166506914二、贬义动词 PAGEREF _Toc166506914 h 46HYPERLINK l _Toc1665069151.出现、发生、遇

28、到、遭遇 PAGEREF _Toc166506915 h 46HYPERLINK l _Toc1665069162.牵扯、牵涉、卷入、包含 PAGEREF _Toc166506916 h 47HYPERLINK l _Toc1665069173.阻止 PAGEREF _Toc166506917 h 47HYPERLINK l _Toc1665069184.导致、引起、招致、受困于 PAGEREF _Toc166506918 h 48HYPERLINK l _Toc1665069195.掩盖、遮住、隐瞒、隐藏 PAGEREF _Toc166506919 h 48HYPERLINK l _Toc1

29、665069206.欺骗、被骗 PAGEREF _Toc166506920 h 48HYPERLINK l _Toc1665069217.忽略、无视、省略、防止 PAGEREF _Toc166506921 h 49HYPERLINK l _Toc1665069228.除外、除外还有 PAGEREF _Toc166506922 h 49HYPERLINK l _Toc1665069239.排除、去除、删除、去掉、移动 PAGEREF _Toc166506923 h 49HYPERLINK l _Toc16650692410.降低、减少、退化、恶化、减小 PAGEREF _Toc166506924

30、 h 49HYPERLINK l _Toc16650692511.失败、失效、舍弃 PAGEREF _Toc166506925 h 50HYPERLINK l _Toc16650692612.歪曲、曲解、扭曲 PAGEREF _Toc166506926 h 50HYPERLINK l _Toc16650692713.滥用、混淆、盲目 PAGEREF _Toc166506927 h 50HYPERLINK l _Toc16650692814.要求、需要、必需、必需品、必须 PAGEREF _Toc166506928 h 50HYPERLINK l _Toc166506929三、贬义短语、名词、形

31、容词、介词、连词 PAGEREF _Toc166506929 h 52HYPERLINK l _Toc1665069301.不便，麻烦，繁重 PAGEREF _Toc166506930 h 52HYPERLINK l _Toc1665069312.破费、昂贵、在损害的情况下、以损害为代价 PAGEREF _Toc166506931 h 52HYPERLINK l _Toc1665069323.冒险、风险 PAGEREF _Toc166506932 h 53HYPERLINK l _Toc1665069334.挑战 PAGEREF _Toc166506933 h 53HYPERLINK l _T

32、oc1665069345.缺点、缺陷、局限、不利条件 PAGEREF _Toc166506934 h 53HYPERLINK l _Toc1665069356.困难、麻烦、障碍、损失不利结果 PAGEREF _Toc166506935 h 54HYPERLINK l _Toc1665069367.苛刻的、苛求的、受限的、有限的 PAGEREF _Toc166506936 h 54HYPERLINK l _Toc1665069378.差、差的、最差、最差的 PAGEREF _Toc166506937 h 54HYPERLINK l _Toc1665069389.尽管、不管、不管 PAGEREF

33、_Toc166506938 h 55HYPERLINK l _Toc166506939四、矛盾常用于反证法 PAGEREF _Toc166506939 h 55HYPERLINK l _Toc166506940五、区别、不同、与不同 PAGEREF _Toc166506940 h 55HYPERLINK l _Toc166506941图、表、例 PAGEREF _Toc166506941 h 56HYPERLINK l _Toc1665069421.图 PAGEREF _Toc166506942 h 56HYPERLINK l _Toc1665069432.表 PAGEREF _Toc1665

34、06943 h 56HYPERLINK l _Toc1665069443.例 PAGEREF _Toc166506944 h 56HYPERLINK l _Toc166506945文章的结尾局部 PAGEREF _Toc166506945 h 56HYPERLINK l _Toc1665069461.经历、教训 PAGEREF _Toc166506946 h 56HYPERLINK l _Toc1665069472.总结、概括、报告、结论 PAGEREF _Toc166506947 h 57HYPERLINK l _Toc1665069483.将来的工作研究、开放性的问题 PAGEREF _T

35、oc166506948 h 57HYPERLINK l _Toc1665069494.附录 PAGEREF _Toc166506949 h 58HYPERLINK l _Toc1665069505.感谢、感谢 PAGEREF _Toc166506950 h 58HYPERLINK l _Toc1665069516.文献引用、参考 PAGEREF _Toc166506951 h 58HYPERLINK l _Toc166506952专业知识 PAGEREF _Toc166506952 h 59HYPERLINK l _Toc166506953一、控制 PAGEREF _Toc166506953

36、h 59HYPERLINK l _Toc166506954二、测量 PAGEREF _Toc166506954 h 59HYPERLINK l _Toc166506955三、神经网络 PAGEREF _Toc166506955 h 60HYPERLINK l _Toc1665069561.数据及其处理 PAGEREF _Toc166506956 h 60HYPERLINK l _Toc1665069572.神经网络的构造与算法 PAGEREF _Toc166506957 h 60HYPERLINK l _Toc1665069583.神经网络的训练 PAGEREF _Toc166506958 h

37、 61HYPERLINK l _Toc1665069594.神经网络训练的偏差与精度 PAGEREF _Toc166506959 h 62HYPERLINK l _Toc1665069605.神经网络训练的收敛性稳定 PAGEREF _Toc166506960 h 62HYPERLINK l _Toc1665069616.神经网络的逼近性能与特点 PAGEREF _Toc166506961 h 63HYPERLINK l _Toc166506962数学常用语 PAGEREF _Toc166506962 h 64HYPERLINK l _Toc1665069631.向量、空间、系统的维数 PAG

38、EREF _Toc166506963 h 64HYPERLINK l _Toc1665069642.微分、求导、初等变换、可微的可导的、导数 PAGEREF _Toc166506964 h 64HYPERLINK l _Toc1665069653.解方程、给出的解 PAGEREF _Toc166506965 h 64HYPERLINK l _Toc1665069664.张成向量空间、取秩 PAGEREF _Toc166506966 h 64HYPERLINK l _Toc1665069675.距离、度量 PAGEREF _Toc166506967 h 64HYPERLINK l _Toc166

39、5069686.平方根 PAGEREF _Toc166506968 h 65HYPERLINK l _Toc1665069697.区间 PAGEREF _Toc166506969 h 65HYPERLINK l _Toc1665069708.精度、准确性、准确性 PAGEREF _Toc166506970 h 65HYPERLINK l _Toc1665069719.前提、前提条件、充要条件 PAGEREF _Toc166506971 h 65HYPERLINK l _Toc16650697210.在情况/条件/背景/前提下、背景、情况、前提 PAGEREF _Toc166506972 h 6

40、5HYPERLINK l _Toc16650697311.满足条件、满足要求、条件成立、结论成立 PAGEREF _Toc166506973 h 67HYPERLINK l _Toc16650697412.可能性、概率、百分比 PAGEREF _Toc166506974 h 67HYPERLINK l _Toc16650697513.作差、距离、差值 PAGEREF _Toc166506975 h 68HYPERLINK l _Toc16650697614.带入、替代 PAGEREF _Toc166506976 h 68HYPERLINK l _Toc16650697715.迭代 PAGERE

41、F _Toc166506977 h 68HYPERLINK l _Toc16650697816.划分、分类、分组、分解 PAGEREF _Toc166506978 h 68HYPERLINK l _Toc16650697917.逐步、逐点、逐渐 PAGEREF _Toc166506979 h 69HYPERLINK l _Toc16650698018.等价、等于 PAGEREF _Toc166506980 h 69HYPERLINK l _Toc16650698119.收敛、收敛速度 PAGEREF _Toc166506981 h 69HYPERLINK l _Toc16650698220.有

42、限步内 PAGEREF _Toc166506982 h 69HYPERLINK l _Toc16650698321.计算、计算量 PAGEREF _Toc166506983 h 69说明1.“经典常用例句在其注释中包含“经典短语、经典搭配等；2. 这些例句均摘自“美国或英国原版外文材料论文或图书，完全值得信赖和模仿。常用动词中性词文章等给出、研究、建设、提出、提供(1) To establish (1), it suffices to show that (2) The main results in this paper are the following theorems and coro

43、llaries.(3) Themain theorem in this paper is presented in the following (next) section. (4) The main streamin the research for nonlinear control systems is based on the state space representation.(5)Our own contribution lies in the design of an algorithm that derives a canonical realization.(6) In t

44、his paper the authors experience in applyingintelligent control in the process industries is discussed. (7) The second broad technique consideredinvolves (涉及) model predictive control. (8) These results have been jointlyestablishedwithLiu and Zheng.由得到、得出、得到结论等(1) As a simple corollary of our analys

45、is, we obtain that right invertibilityin the sense of Nijmerjer is the same asin that of Fliess. Note: as the same as; the same as(2) Following the steps outlined in section II we find that. (3) Weconclude this section by introducing some notations and definitions. (4) Using the generalized notion o

46、f controlled invariance, a condition for the controlled invariance was derived. (5) The results when compared with availablediagnostic tools show that significant benefits can be derived from the actual application of this technique.(6) However, weare primarily interested inhow (连词) these algorithms

47、 performon dataobtained from chemical sensor arrays.(7) Because one of thesensors in the array did not respondat high humidities, it was removed, resulting in athree-dimensional pattern vector.Note1: resulting in sth1: 现在分词作“目的状语，译为“从而得到获得，因而得到，从而导致， 这样便得到 Note2: at high humidity集中、侧重、强调、注重、聚焦、着重、投精

48、力于(1) Theorem 1 focuses on the application of the essential orders to the decoupling problem. (2) Current research have thus been focused on the applicationof such advanced techniques as artificial neuralnetworks (ANN), genetic algorithms (GA), expert systemsand fuzzy logics to engine diagnostic pro

49、blems.Note1: 正如“动名词具有“名词性质“一样，名词同样具有“动词性质可以完成动词的任务，如此处的“applicationof sth1 to sth2。还有，“generalization of sth1 to sth2 等等。Note2: focus on sth; focus sth1 on sth2.(3) In this paper, we reviewthe need for engine diagnosticsand maintenance, present some aspects ofthe ANN application to diagnostic proble

50、ms, highlightsome features of ANN that make it amenable to GT diagnosticsas well as its limitations and finally discussits application to gas path fault diagnosis of a developedcase study.(4) The focus of the paper is on techniques that have proven beneficial in the process industries. Note:focus on

51、; prove + adj.(5) This paper has been devoted to the generalization of the notion of essential ordersto the class of nonlinear affine systems. Note1: be devoted to sth1 : 致力于; Note2: generalization of sth1 to sth2.用、使用、应用、采用、采取(1) Methodsutilizing multivariate statistical techniques are presented, w

52、ith applications tosoft sensingand fault detection. (2) Gas turbines are used for aero and marine propulsion, power generation and as mechanical drives for a wide rangeof industrial applications. Note: a wide range of industrial applications(3) Gas turbines are mechanical devices operatingon a therm

53、odynamic cycle with (用) air as theworking fluid.Note: “介词可以完成“动词的任务，如此处的“with用(4) Current research have thus been focused on the applicationof such advanced techniques as artificial neuralnetworks (ANN), genetic algorithms (GA), expert systemsand fuzzy logics to engine diagnostic problems.(5) This n

54、etworkwas designed toassess the amount of DCF present inthe compressor and compressor turbine. Note: be designed to do:(6) Coupling pattern recognition algorithms andarrays of partially selective sensorshas been employedsuccessfully for gas oxide sensors. (7) For application of the chemicalsensor sy

55、stem tofield measurements, the patternrecognition algorithm must accurately classifynew sensor signals. Note: “名词动词化：名词具有动词的属性，如：application of sth1 to sth2. For application of sth1 to sth2: 为了将 sth1 应用于 sth2.(8) The classification rules used by thepattern recognition algorithm must be learnedquickl

56、y.Note: sth1 used by sth2: sth2 所用到的 sth1.(9) Four data sets representing typical chemical sensordatawere employedin this research.(10) To help explainsome of the resultsfrom this study,principal components analysis (PCA) was employedto visualize the pattern spaces.(11) Use of thepooled covariance m

57、atrix implies that the covariance(sometimes called variance-covariance)matrices for each class are not significantly different.(12) The usual way to join parallel structuresis with the use of coordinating conjunctions such as and or or.Note1: the way to do sth: 做实现的方法/途径Note2: be with the use of: 是采

58、用/使用/应用For example: The most convenient way to access your money from a home bank in the USis with the use of an Automated Teller Machine (ATM) card. The problem I haveis with the use of computer technology in primary and secondary schools.构造、形成、构成、由构成、由组成(1) CLASS1 data set comprised representation

59、s fromall the possible fault scenarios. Note: comprise = consist of = be composed of (2) Chemical fingerprints for thetarget analyte(s) will form clusters in m-dimensionalspace(where m is the number of sensors in the array).(3) The final data set (SAW2) consists of 664 patternvectors obtained from S

60、AWdatacollected using a sixsensorarraywith a preconcentrator sampling system.Note: “定语的定语的定语覆盖、包括(1) Generatingdata to coverall the possible fault scenariosaswell asthe required operating conditionsdefinedby the power setting parameter and ambient conditions.(2) Further studyof this anomaly indicate