小学英语语法及习题-四大基本时态

1、 /6小学英语语法及习题四大基本时态一、一般现在时一般现在时基本用法介绍【No.1】一般现在时的功能表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如：Theskyisblue.天空是蓝色的。表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如：Igetupatsixeveryday.我每天六点起床。表示客观现实。如：Theearthgoesaroundthesun.地球绕着太阳转。一般现在时的构成be动词：主语+be(am,is,are)+其它L如:Iamaboy.我是一个男孩。行为动词：主语+行为动词(+其它)。如：WestudyEnglish我们学习英语。当主语为第三人称单数fee,期时，要在动词后加-s或-eso如:Maryli

2、kesChinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。一般现在时的变化be动词的变化。否定句：主语+be+not+其它。女如Heisnotaworker.他不是工人。一般疑问句：Be+主语+其它。如：-Areyouastudent?-Yes.Iam./No,Imnot.特殊疑问句：疑问词+般疑问句。如:Whereismybike?行为动词的变化。否定句：主语+dont(doesnt)+动词原形(+其它)。如：Idontlikebread.当主语为第三人称单数时，要用doesnt构成否定句女如Hedoesntoftenplay.一般疑问句：Do(Does)+主语+动词原形+其它。如:Doyouoftenplayf

3、ootball?Yes,Ido./No,Idont.当主语为第三人称单数时，要用Oes构成一般疑问句。如：Doesshegotoworkbybike?-Yes,shedoes./No,shedoesnt.特殊疑问句：疑问词+般疑问句。如:Howdoesyourfathergotowork?动词+s的变化规则1.一般情况下，直接加-s，如:cook-cooks,milk-milks以s.x.sh.ch.o结尾，加-es,如：guess-guesses,wash-washes,watch-watches,go-goes3以辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i,再加-es，如:study-studies一般

4、现在时用法专练:一、写出下列动词的第三人称单数drinkgostaymakelookhavepasscarrycomewatchplantflystudybrushdoteach二、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。Heoften(have)dinnerathome.DanielandTommy(be)inClassOne.We(notwatch)TVonMonday.Nick(notgo)tothezooonSunday.they(like)theWorldCup?Whattheyoften(do)onSaturdays?yourparents(read)newspaperseveryday?Th

5、egirl(teach)usEnglishonSundays.SheandI(take)awalktogethereveryevening.There(be)somewaterinthebottle.Mike(like)cooking.They(have)thesamehobby.Myaunt(look)afterherbabycarefully.Youalways(do)yourhomeworkwell.15.I(be)ill.Imstayinginbed.She(go)toschoolfromMondaytoFriday.LiuTao(do)notlikePE.Thechildoften(

6、watch)TVintheevening.SuHaiandSuYang(have)eightlessonsthisterm.Whatday(be)ittoday?ItsSaturday.三、按照要求改写句子DanielwatchesTVeveryevening.(改为否定句)Idomyhomeworkeveryday.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答)Shelikesmilk.(改为一般疑问句，作肯定回答)Amylikesplayingcomputergames.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答)Wegotoschooleverymorning.(改为否定句)HespeaksEnglishverywe

7、ll.(改为否定句)Iliketakingphotosinthepark.(对划线部分提问)JohncomesfromCanada.(对划线部分提问)Sheisalwaysagoodstudent.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答)SimonandDaniellikegoingskating.(改为否定句)四、改错(划出错误的地方，将正确的写在横线上)IsyourbrotherspeakEnglish?Doeshelikesgoingfishing?Helikesplaygamesafterclass.Mr.WuteachsusEnglish.ShedontdoherhomeworkonSunda

8、ys.二、现在进行时现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作，也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。现在进行时的肯定句基本结构为：主语+be+动词ing,现在进行时的否定句在be后加not。4现在进行时的一般疑问句把be动词调到句首。5.现在进行时的特殊疑问的基本结构为：疑问词+be+主语+动词ing?但疑问词当主语时其结构为：疑问词+be+动词ing?动词加ing的歹化抑別1一般情况下，直接加ing，如:cook-cooking2以不发音的e结尾，去e力口ing，如：make-making,taste-tasting3.如果末尾是一个元音字母和一个辅音字母，双写末尾的辅音字母，再

9、加ing,如：run-running,stop-stopping现在进行时专项练习：一、写出下列动词的现在分词：playrunswim_makegolike_write_skireadhavesing_danceputsee_buy_lovelive_take_come_getstopsitbegin_shop二、用所给的动词的正确形式填空：Theboy(draw)apicturenow,Listen,Somegirls(sing)intheclassroom,Mymother(cook)somenicefoodnow,Whatyou(do)now?Look,They(have)anEngli

10、shlesson,They(not,water)theflowersnow,Look!thegirls(dance)intheclassroom,Whatisourgranddaughterdoing?She(listen)tomusic,9.Its5oclocknow.We(have)suppernow10,Helen(wash)clothes?Yes,sheis,三、句型转换：Theyaredoinghousework,(分别改成一般疑问句和否定句)Thestudentsarecleaningtheclassroom,(改一般疑问句并作肯定和否定回答)Implayingthefootbal

11、lintheplayground.（对划线部分进行提问）Tomisreadingbooksinhisstudy.（对划线部分进行提问）三、将来时一、概念：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。句中一般有以下时间状语3/6tomorrow,nextday（week,month,year.）,soon,thedayaftertomorrow（后天）等。 /6、基本结构begoingto+do；will+do.三、否定句：在be动词（a码is,are）后加not或情态动词wiZZ后加not成won。例如：Imgoingtohaveapicnicthisafternoon.Imnot

12、goingtohaveapicnicthisafternoon.四、一般疑问句：be或will提到句首，some改为any,and改为or，第一二人称互换。例如：Wearegoingtogoonanoutingthisweekend.Areyougoingtogoonanoutingthisweekend?五、对划线部分提问。一般情况，一般将来时的对划线部分有三种情况。问人。Who例如：ImgoingtoNewYorksoon.WhosgoingtoNewYorksoon.问干什么。What.do.例如：Myfatherisgoingtowatcharacewithmethisafternoo

13、n.Whatisyourfathergoingtodowithyouthisafternoon.问什么时候。When.例如：Shesgoingtogotobedatnine.Whenisshegoingtobed?六、同义句：begoingtowillIamgoingtogoswimmingtomorrow（明天）.=Iwillgoswimmingtomorrow.练习：一.填空。我打算明天和朋友去野炊。Ihaveapicnicwithmyfriends.Ihaveapicnicwithmyfriends.下个星期一你打算去干嘛?我想去打篮球。WhatnextMonday?Iplaybaske

14、tball.WhatyoudonextMonday?Iplaybasketball.你妈妈这个周末去购物吗？是，她要去买一些水果。yourmothergoshoppingthis?Yes,she.Shebuysomefruit.你们打算什么时候见面。Whattimeyoumeet?二.改句子。Nancyisgoingtogocamping.（改否定）Nancygoingtogocamping.Illgoandjointhem.（改否定）Igojointhem.7.1mgoingtogetupat6:30tomorrow.（改一般疑问句）togetupat6:30tomorrow?Wewillm

15、eetatthebusstopat10:30.（改一般疑问句）meetatthebusstopat10:30.Sheisgoingtolistentomusicafterschool.（对划线部分提问）sheafterschool?Myfatherandmotheraregoingtoseeaplaythedayaftertomorrow.（同上）goingtoseeaplaythedayaftertomorrow.四一般过去时1.一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常和表示过去的时间状语连用。一般过去时也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作感谢。 /62Be动词在一般过去时中的变化：a

16、m和is在一般过去时中变为畑s。(wasnot=wasn,t)ore在一般过去时中变为vere。(werenot=weren,t)带有was或were的句子，其否定、疑问的变化和,am,are一样，即否定句在vos或were后加not,一般疑问句把was或were调到句首。3句中没有be动词的一般过去时的句子否定句：didnt+动词原形,如：Jimdidntgohomeyesterday.一般疑问句：在句首加did,句子中的动词过去式变回原形如：DidJimgohomeyesterday?特殊疑问句：(1)疑问词+did+主语+动词原形？如：WhatdidJimdoyesterday?疑问词当

17、主语时：疑问词+动词过去式？如:Whowenttohomeyesterday?动词过去式变化规则：一般在动词末尾加-ed,如：pull-pulled,cook-cooked结尾是e加d,如：taste-tasted末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加-ed,女如stop-stopped4以辅音字母+y”结尾的，变y为i,再加-ed,如：study-studied不规则动词过去式：am,is-was,are-were,do-did,see-saw,say-said,give-gave,get-got,go-went,come-came,have-had,ea

18、t-ate,take-took,run-ran,sing-sang,put-put,make-made,read-read,write-wrote,draw-drew,drink-drank,fly-flew,ride-rode,speak-spoke,sweep-swept,swim-swam,sit-sat过去时练习：写出下列动词的过去式isamfly_plant_are_drink_play_go_makedoesdanceworryask_taste_eatdraw_putthrowkick_pass_do_Be动词的过去时练习一、用be动词的适当形式填空。IanEnglishteac

19、hernow.Shehappyyesterday.Theygladtoseeeachotherlastmonth.HelenandNancygoodfriends.Thelittledogtwoyearsoldthisyear.Look,therelotsofgrapeshere.ThereasignonthechaironMonday.TodaythesecondofJune.YesterdaythefirstofJune.ItChildrensDay.Allthestudentsveryexcited.二、句型转换。Therewasacarinfrontofthehousejustnow.

20、否定句：一般疑问句：肯、否定回答：行为动词的过去时练习一、用be动词的适当形式填空。I(watch)acartoononSaturday.Herfather(read)anewspaperlastnight.Wetozooyesterday,wetothepark.(go)you(visit)yourrelativeslastSpringFestival?he(fly)akiteonSunday?Yes,he.GaoShan(pull)upcarrotslastNationalDayholiday.I(sweep)theflooryesterday,butmymother.Whatshe(find)inthegardenlastmorning?She(find)abeautifulbutterfly.二、句型转换。1.Theyplayedfootballintheplayground.否定句：一般疑问句：肯、否定回答：综合练习一、用动词的适当形式填空1.It(be)BensbirthdaylastFriday.Weall(have)a