语言719基础英语科目模拟试题二

1、语言大学外国语言学及应用语言学专业719 基础英语科目模拟试题（二）Section 1.Multiple choi.1. The writer was not used to speaking in public, but when the opportunitypresented itself, he rose to the.A. chanceB. eventC. occaD. circumstance2. Most of the authors earr works were published under a A. pseudonymB. misnomerC. nickname D. n

2、amesake3. The black boys and girls need nove feltfor their dark skin in the summer c.A. self-ecingB. self-conscious C. self-centeredD. self-evident4. If you keep on working too hard, your health will.A. degenerateB. degradeC. deteriorate D. deform5. Several of the advertising hoardings had beenby an

3、ti-racist slogans.A. deletedB. erasedC. mutilated D. defaced6. Before the conference begins, lets take anof the present situation.Passage 1One of my favoriteters1 says, “ Life is a test. It is only a test. Had this been a real life youwould have been instructed where to go and what to do.” Whenever

4、I think of this humorous bit ofwisdom2, it reminds me to not take my life so seriously.When you lookife and its many challenges as a test, or series of tests, you bego seeeach ie you face as an opportunity to grow, a chance to discover more about life. Whetheryoure being bombarded（；质问） with problems

5、, responsibilities, even insurmountable（不能克服的，越的） difficulties, when looked at as a test, you always have a chance tosucceed,he sense of rising abovet which is challenging you. If, on the other hand, you seeeach new ie you face as a serious battlet must be won in order to survive, youre probably inf

6、or a very rocky6 journey. The only time youre likely to be happy is when everything is workingout just right. And we all know how oftenppens.A. overviewB. overallC. overtureD. oversight7. The dreadful scenes of the major skirmishthe children off their dinner.A. tookB. putC. sentD. set8. The pure of

7、the survey was tothe parents with the changes evihas made in family life.A. notifyB.lC. acquaD. inform9. They had not cleaned the house forks and the health inspector found them livinghe utmost.A. contaminationB. pollution C. decay D. squalor10. We must bring him to our poof view ont subject.A. outB

8、. forwardC. aroundD. About Section 2.Reading comprehens.As an experiment, see if you can apply this idea to something you are forced to deal with.Perhaps you have much prere from your parents or you have a demanding7s. See if youcan redefine the ie you face from being a “ problem” to being a test. R

9、athern8 strugglingwith your ie, see if there is something you can learn from it. Ask yourself, “ Why is this aniey life? What would it mean and what would be involved to rise above it? Could Isibly look at this ie any differently? Can I see it as a test of some kind?”If you give this strategy a try

10、you may be surprised at your changed responses. Isefar more acceptable to me to accept things as they are.11.According to the passage, what is the authors attitude towards life? A.He takes his life seriously.B.He considers life as test.C.He knows where to go and what to do. B.He thinks life is full

11、of humorous wisdom.12.When you bego consider life as a test, you will find .A.you are bombarded with problems and responsibilitiesB.the result of theso goodt you are delightedC.you have many opportunities to growD.you have to go to school to take tests everyday13.Which of the following sement is TRU

12、E according to the author?A.When you lookife as a test, you have a chance toe problems you face.B.When you take life seriously, you are more likely to succeed ande happy.C.When you see each problem as a serious battle, you have more chance to survive.D.When everything is working out just right, you

13、cnow how often ippens.14.It is impd from the passage A.you try to get the meaning of theB.your parents give you much pret youd better look terreife as a test when.C.you are carrying out an experimentD.you are in a rocky journey15.Which of the following can be the best title of the passage?A.My Favor

14、iteterB.Take Life SeriouslyC.Face Challenge of Life D.Life Is Only A TestPassage 2The moden world only recently reached the Yanomano, a native people of the Amazon basin.Sheltered by thick rainforest , the Yanomano lived a self-contained existence until gold wasdiscoveredheir jungle homeland. Miners

15、 flockedo the forests, cutting down trees andbringing disease and shot those Yanomano who would not get out of the way. In just seven yearsfrom the early 1980s, the population fell 20 per cent.Hands Around the World, a native American cultural assotion, says the Yanomano arebeved to be the most cult

16、urallyact peoplehe world. They wear loin cloths, use fire sticksand decorate their bodies with dye from a red berry(桨果). They dont use the wheel and the onlymetal they use is whas been traded to them by outsiders. When a Yanomano dies, the body isburned and the remaining bones crushedo ader and turn

17、edo a drinkt is laterconsumed by mournersemory of the dead.A Hands Around the World report sayst in Soumerica not only are the cultures andtraditions in danger of disappearing, but some tribes are in danger of extinction. “The Yanomanois a well-known tribet is raly losing its members through the des

18、truction of Westerndisease,” the report says. Before illegal gold miners entered their rainforest, the Yanomano wereisolated from modern society.They occupy dense jungle north of the Amazon River betn Venezuela and Brazil and arecatalogued by anthropologists(人类学家) as neo-ns with cultural characteris

19、ticst dateback moren 8,000 years. Each community lives in a circular communal house, some of whichsleep up to 400, built around a central square.Though many Yanomano men are monogamous, it is not unusual for them to have two or more wives. Anthropologists from the University of Wisconsin say polygam

20、y is a way to increaseones wealth because having a large family increases help withting and cultivating the land.These marriages result in a shortage of women for other men to marry, which has led toer-tribal wars.Each Yanomano man is responsible for clearing his land fardening, using slash-and-humf

21、arming methods. They grow plantains, a type of banana eaten cooked, andfish and anaconda(南美热带蟒蛇) using bows and arrows.t game animals,16. Miners flockedo the forest and shot those Yanomano who .A. shelteredhick rainforestB. would not leave their jungle homelandC. lived a self-contained existenceD. w

22、ould standheir way17. Theanization called Hands Around the World bevest culturally, the Yanomanois the worlds.most primitive peoplemost backward peoplemost advanced peopleoldest people18. Which of the following is NOT true according to an American cultural assotion report?In SouIn Soumerica, the cul

23、tures are on the verge of extinction.merica, the traditions are on the verge of extinction.C. In SouD. In Soumerica, the Yanomano can survive extinction.merica, some tribes are on the verge of extinction.19.caused the Yanomano to haveer-tribal wars.The shortage of women resulting from polygamyThe di

24、fference in wealth resulting from polygamyThe shortage of women resulting from monogamyThe difference in wealth resulting from monogamy20. We can infer from the passaget it is imperative for us to protect the Yanomanobecause.A. it is a clturally mostact peopleB. it is a primitive people den jungleC.

25、 it is a native people of the Amazon basinD. it is primitive people in danger of disappearingPassage 3The British psychoyst John Bowlby maainst separation from the parents during thesensitive “attaent” period from birth to three may scar a childsality and predise toemotional problems in later life.

26、Some people have drawn thefrom Bowlbys worktchildren should not be subjected to day care beforeof three because of the parentalseparation it entails，and many people do beve this. But there are also arguments against such astrong.ly， anthropologists pooutt the insulated love air betn children and par

27、entsfoundearrodern societies does not usually existraditional societies. For exle， we sawt among the Ngoni the father and mother of a child did not rear their infant alonefarfrom it. Secondly，common sensels ust day care would not so widespread today if parents，caretakers found children hroblems with

28、 it. Sistical studies of this kind have not yet beencarried out， and even if they were， the results would be certacontroversial.o be complicated andThirdly，he last decade， there have been a number of careful American studies ofchildren in day care， and they have uniformly reportedt day care had a ne

29、utral or slightlyitive effect on childrens development. But testsve had to be used to measure thisdevelopment are not widely enough accepted to settle the ie.But Bowlbysysis raises thesibilityt early day care has delayed effects. Thesibilityt such care might lead to， say， more mental illness or crim

30、e 15 or 20 years latercan only be explored by the use of sistics. Whatever the long-term effects， parents sometimesfind the immediate effects difficult to deal with. Children under three are likely toatleaving their parents and show unhappiness. Atof three or three and a half almost allchildren find

31、 the transition to nursery easy， and this is undoubtedly why more and more parentsmake use of child care at this time. The matter， then， is far from clear-cut， though experienceand available evidence indicatet early care is reasonable for infants.21.This passage primarily arguest .A.infants underof

32、three should not be sent to nursery schools.B.whether children underof three should be sent to nursery schools.C.there is not negative long-term effect on infants who are sent to school before they arethree.D.there is some negative effect on children when they are sent to schothree.terof22.The phras

33、e “predisA.lead toe to” （Para. 1， line 3） most probably means .B.disC.gete tooD.tend to suffer23.According to Bowlbysysis， it is quitesiblet .A.childrensparents.alities will be changed to some extent through separation from theirB.early day care can delay the occurrence of mental illness in children

34、.C.children will be exed to many negative effects from early day care later on.D.some long-term effects can hardly be reduced from childrens development.24.It is impd but not sedhe second paragrapht .A.traditional societies separate the child from the parenan early age.B.Childrenodern societies caus

35、e more troublesn thoseraditional societies.C.A child did not live together with his parents among the Ngoni.D.Children in some societies did noparents.ve emotional problems when separated from the25.The writer concludest .it is difficult to make clear what is the right age for nursery school.It is n

36、ot settled now whether early care is reasonable for children.C.It is not benefil for children to be sent to nursery school.D.It is reasonable to subject a child above three to nursery school.Passage 4.Students of United Ses history, seeking to identify the circumstantencouraged the emergence of femi

37、nist movements, have thoroughly investigated themid-nineteenth-century American economic and sol conditionst affected thesus of women. These historians, however, haveyzed less fully the developmentof specifically feminist ideas and activities during the same period. Furthermore,the ideological origi

38、ns of feminismhe United Ses have been obscured because,even when historians did takeo account those feminist ideas and activitiesoccurring withhe United Ses, they failed to recognizet feminism was thena trulyernational movement actually centered in Europe. American feministactivists who have been de

39、scribed as solitary and individual theorists were inreality connected to a movement -utopian solism- which was already popularizingfeminist ideas in Europe during the two decadest culminatedhewomensrights conference held aeca Falls. New York, in 1848. Thus, a completeunderstanding of the origins and

40、 development of nineteenth-century feminismheUnited Ses requirest the geographical focus be widened to include Europe andt the detailed study already made of sothe ideological development of feminism.l conditions be expanded to includeThe earst and most popular of the utopian solists were the Sa-Sim

41、onians.The specifically feminist part of Sa-Simonianism has, however, been less studiedn the groups contribution to early solism. This is regrettable on two counts.By 1832 feminism was the central concern of Sa-Simonianism and entirely absorbedits adherents energy; hence, by ignoring its feminism. E

42、uropean historians havemisunderstood Sa-Simonianism. Moreover, since many feminist ideas can be tracedto Sa FranceSa-Simonianism, European historians appretion of later feminism inand the United Ses remained limited.-Simons followers, many of whom were women, based their feminism on anreion of his p

43、roject to reanize the globe by replacing brute force withthe rule of spiritualers. The new world order would be ruled together by a male,to represent reflection, and a female, to representiment. This complementarityreflects the factt, while the Sa-Simonians did not reject the beftthere were innate d

44、ifferenbetn men and women, they nevertheless foresaw anequally important sol and political role for both sexesheir Utopia.Only a few Sa-Simonians oped a definition of sexual equality based ongender distinction. This minority bevedt individuals of both sexes were bornsimilar in capacity and character

45、, and theyascribed male-female differentosolization and education. The enviedresultof both currents of thought, he new age andt sexual improved way of life.those historians who describehowever, wast women would entublic lifeequality would reward men as well as women win26.It can be inferredt the aut

46、hor considersearly feministshe Unrated:Ses as solitary to beA insufficiently familiar with theAmerican feminist thoughternational origins of nineteenth-centuryB overly concerned with the regional diversity of feminist ideasbefore 1848he periodC not focused narrowly enoughheir geo-graphical scopeD in

47、sufficiently aware of the ideological consequenconferenceof the Seneca Falls27.According to the passage, which of the following is true of the Seneca Fallsconference on womens rights?A It was primarily a product of nineteenth-century Sa-Simonian feministthought.B It was the work of American activist

48、s who were independent of feminists abroad.C It was the culminating achievement of the Utopian solist movement.D It was a manifesfeminismion of anernational movement for sol change and28.The authors attitude toward most European historians who have studied the-Simonians is primarily one ofA approval

49、 of the specific focus of their researchSaB disapproval of their lack of attention to the i-Simonians energy after 1832et absorbed most of theSaC approval of their general focus on sol conditionsD disapproval of their lack of attention to links betn the Satheir American countarts-Simoniansand29. It

50、can be inferred from the passaget the author bevest study ofbecause suchSastudy-Simonianism is nesary for historians of American feminismA would clarify the ideological origins of those feminist ideasAmerican feminismt influencedB would increase understanding of a movementsolism of early American fe

51、ministst deeply influenced the UtopianC would focus attention on the most important aspect of Sabefore 1832-Simonian thoughtD promises to offer insightSeneca Falls conference of 1848o a movementt was a direct outgrowth of the30. According to the passage, which of the following would be the most accu

52、ratedescription of the society envied by most Sa-Simonians?A A society in which women were highly regarded for their extensive education B A society in which the two genders played complementary roles and had equalussC DbasisA society in which women did not entublic lifeA sol order in which a body o

53、f men and women would rule together on theof their spiritualerPassage 5Joy and sadness are experienced by people in all cultures around the world, but how can wel when other people are happy or despondent? It turns outt the expresof m any emotions may be universal. Smiling is apparently a universal

54、sign of friendliness and approval. Baring the teeth in a hostile way, as noted by Charles Darwin in the nineteenth century, may be a universe sign of anger. As the originator of the theory of evolution,Darwin bevedt the universal recognition of fal express would have survival value. For exle, fal ex

55、press could signal the approach of enemies (or friends) inthe absence of language.Most investigators concurt certain fal express suggest the same emotions ina fahepeople. Moreover, people in diverse cultures recognize the emotions manifested by thel express. In classic research Paul Ekman took photo

56、graphs of people exhibiting temotions of anger, disgust, fear, happiness, and sadness. He then asked people aroundthe world to indicate what emotions were being dcted in them. Those queried ranged from European college students to members of the Fore, a tribet dwells in the New Gu inea highlands. Al

57、l groups including the Fore, who had almost no contact with Western culture, agreed on the portrayed emotions. The Fore also displayed familiar fal expressions when asked how they would respond if they were the characters in stories for basic emotional responses. Ekman and his colleagues more recent

58、ly obtainedsults in a study of ten cultures in which participants were permitted to reportt called similar ret multiple emotions were shown by fal express. The participants generally agreed on whichtwo emotions were being shown and which emotion was moreense.Psychological researchers generally recog

59、nizet fal express reflect emotional ses. In fact, various emotional ses give rise to certain patterns of electrical activity inthe fal muscles and in the brain. The fal-feedback hypothesis argues, however,t the causal relationship betn emotions and fal express can also work in the opite direction. A

60、ccording to this hypothesis, signals from the fal muscles (feedback) aresent back to emotion centers of the brain, and so as fal exprescan influeby outwncets emotional se. Consider Darwins words: The free expresard signs of an emotionensifiesit. On the other hand, the repres, as far assible, of all